Exam 9: Minerals

Discuss how the immune system is influenced by various minerals.

The majority of women in the U.S. consume an insufficient amount of dietary calcium.

When the body is deficient in a mineral, it increases absorption of that mineral to 100 percent until the deficiency state is reversed.

Calcium metabolism is under substantial hormonal control.

The hormone that influences proper osteoclastic activity is ____.

Excretion of minerals is usually low.

Excretion of minerals is generally ____.

Some young adult amenorrheic distance runners and ballerinas may have osteopenia and osteoporosis, conditions generally associated with older women.

Which athlete is likely to have above-normal bone mineral density?

Adequate mineral intake for athletes is generally associated with adequate caloric intake.

Why is iron not well absorbed from the intestinal tract?

At what age does peak trabecular bone mineral density occur (assume adequate calcium intake)?

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is listed on supplement labels and is a good guide for determining if the supplement contains a potentially toxic amount.

Amenorrhea in female athletes is associated with low estrogen secretion that results in reduced bone mineral density.

Regulation of the immune system is the responsibility of the ________.

The best way for athletes to offset any small to moderate losses of mineral through sweat or urine is to take a multimineral supplement.

What is false anemia?

The mineral predominantly found in hemoglobin is ____.

The mineral most closely associated with proper immune function is ____.

The nutrient that enhances iron absorption is ____.