Question 1

A pattern of behavior characterized by extremes of competitive striving for achievement, a sense of time urgency, hostility, and aggression is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Type A personality. 
B)  Type B personality. 
C)  depressed explanatory style. 
D)  dispositional pessimism. 
A)  Type A personality. 
B)  Type B personality. 
C)  depressed explanatory style. 
D)  dispositional pessimism.

Question 2

In interviews with hospital patients, Holmes and Rahe (1967) found that illness was often preceded by a major life event. Their finding is consistent with the hypothesis that

Accepted Answer

A)  stress is caused by change. 
B)  childhood trauma can exacerbate stress. 
C)  positive life events eliminate stress. 
D)  exposure to infection, rather than stress, produces physical illness. 
A)  stress is caused by change. 
B)  childhood trauma can exacerbate stress. 
C)  positive life events eliminate stress. 
D)  exposure to infection, rather than stress, produces physical illness.

Question 3

Analyzing national surveys that were conducted from 1983 to 2009, Sheldon Cohen and Denise Janicki-Deverts (2012) found that more stress is consistently reported by

Accepted Answer

A)  men than women. 
B)  those who are retired rather than employed. 
C)  minority respondents than whites. 
D)  people in general who are older and more educated. 
A)  men than women. 
B)  those who are retired rather than employed. 
C)  minority respondents than whites. 
D)  people in general who are older and more educated.

Question 4

Pressman and Cohen (2012) analyzed writings of highly influential, deceased psychologists and found that the use of ____________ emotion words in writing was associated with longevity.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive high-arousal 
B)  positive low-arousal 
C)  negative high-arousal 
D)  negative low-arousal 
A)  positive high-arousal 
B)  positive low-arousal 
C)  negative high-arousal 
D)  negative low-arousal

Question 5

Distinguish between negative and positive life changes in terms of the amount of stress they produce.

Accepted Answer

The simple notion that change is inheren

Question 6

Yvonne is going through a bad phase and wants to feel better. She decides to direct her attention to what is happening here and now, without judgment or evaluation. Her goal will be best served by

Accepted Answer

A)  mindfulness meditation. 
B)  focused attention meditation. 
C)  emotion-focused coping. 
D)  problem-focused coping. 
A)  mindfulness meditation. 
B)  focused attention meditation. 
C)  emotion-focused coping. 
D)  problem-focused coping.

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning personality and coronary heart disease is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals with a Type B personality are more likely to have coronary heart disease than those with Type A personalities. 
B)  Observations of a person's behavior are a better indicator of Type A personality than self-reports. 
C)  People who have lots of anger and suppress it are less likely to develop high blood pressure than those with anger who express it. 
D)  The most toxic personality ingredient associated with coronary heart disease is competitiveness. 
A)  Individuals with a Type B personality are more likely to have coronary heart disease than those with Type A personalities. 
B)  Observations of a person's behavior are a better indicator of Type A personality than self-reports. 
C)  People who have lots of anger and suppress it are less likely to develop high blood pressure than those with anger who express it. 
D)  The most toxic personality ingredient associated with coronary heart disease is competitiveness.

Question 8

Identify three factors that seem to underlie therapeutic approaches to stress, regardless of any specific theoretical orientation.

Accepted Answer

First, all healers-regardless of whether

Question 9

The annual number of work hours in Japan has dropped to below average among developed countries as a result of the country's efforts to fight _______

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  ikigai . 
C)  karoshi. 
D)  PTSD. 
A)  learned helplessness. 
B)  ikigai . 
C)  karoshi. 
D)  PTSD.

Question 10

Positive emotions such as joy help people cope with adversity by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing blood pressure. 
B)  allowing for proactive coping. 
C)  distracting them from the stressor. 
D)  narrowing their focus of attention. 
A)  increasing blood pressure. 
B)  allowing for proactive coping. 
C)  distracting them from the stressor. 
D)  narrowing their focus of attention.

Question 11

Health psychology

Accepted Answer

A)  is one of the oldest subfields in all of psychology, including psychoanalytic and behavioral psychology. 
B)  recognizes the clear distinction between biological and psychological factors. 
C)  is the application of psychology to the promotion of physical health and prevention and treatment of illness. 
D)  focuses primarily on mental health and psychological well-being. 
A)  is one of the oldest subfields in all of psychology, including psychoanalytic and behavioral psychology. 
B)  recognizes the clear distinction between biological and psychological factors. 
C)  is the application of psychology to the promotion of physical health and prevention and treatment of illness. 
D)  focuses primarily on mental health and psychological well-being.

Question 12

Studying railroad commuters who traveled regularly from their homes in suburban New Jersey to work in Manhattan, Evans and Wener (2006) found that the longer their commute was,

Accepted Answer

A)  the sloppier they were at a simple proofreading task. 
B)  the less stress they reported feeling from their subjective point of view. 
C)  the lower was their level of cortisol over the long term. 
D)  the fewer were their tangible resources to meet daily challenges. 
A)  the sloppier they were at a simple proofreading task. 
B)  the less stress they reported feeling from their subjective point of view. 
C)  the lower was their level of cortisol over the long term. 
D)  the fewer were their tangible resources to meet daily challenges.

Question 13

Regina learns that hostility is a factor in the development of high blood pressure, so she now tries to suppress her anger. Consequently, her blood pressure will most probably

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease. 
B)  increase. 
C)  stabilize. 
D)  change erratically. 
A)  decrease. 
B)  increase. 
C)  stabilize. 
D)  change erratically.

Question 14

Ralph has had a stressful month. His girlfriend dumped him, he failed three exams, and someone stole his car. According to Abramson et al.'s (1989) notion of hopelessness, Ralph's reactions to these events depend on his

Accepted Answer

A)  outlook. 
B)  perspective. 
C)  attributions. 
D)  self-esteem. 
A)  outlook. 
B)  perspective. 
C)  attributions. 
D)  self-esteem.

Question 15

Compared to European Americans, Asians are less likely to seek out social support when the source of stress is

Accepted Answer

A)  social, academic, financial, or health related. 
B)  financial, but not when it is social. 
C)  academic, but not when it is financial. 
D)  health related, but not when it is academic. 
A)  social, academic, financial, or health related. 
B)  financial, but not when it is social. 
C)  academic, but not when it is financial. 
D)  health related, but not when it is academic.

Question 16

Adaptation-level theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  our present satisfaction depends on the level of success to which we are accustomed. 
B)  the more money we have, the less we need to feel happy. 
C)  we make upward comparisons more than we make downward comparisons. 
D)  high-impact events have long-lasting effects on happiness levels. 
A)  our present satisfaction depends on the level of success to which we are accustomed. 
B)  the more money we have, the less we need to feel happy. 
C)  we make upward comparisons more than we make downward comparisons. 
D)  high-impact events have long-lasting effects on happiness levels.

Question 17

Sue Ellen typically explains negative events using temporary, specific, external attributions. According to Seligman (1991), Sue Ellen could best be described as exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  control. 
B)  hardiness. 
C)  commitment. 
D)  optimism. 
A)  control. 
B)  hardiness. 
C)  commitment. 
D)  optimism.

Question 18

Self-awareness theory suggests that self-focus

Accepted Answer

A)  brings our personal shortcomings into sharp focus. 
B)  diminishes the undesirable consequences of emotion-focused coping. 
C)  is triggered much more by negative moods than by positive moods. 
D)  is a central part of problem-focused coping. 
A)  brings our personal shortcomings into sharp focus. 
B)  diminishes the undesirable consequences of emotion-focused coping. 
C)  is triggered much more by negative moods than by positive moods. 
D)  is a central part of problem-focused coping.

Question 19

Lucille lives in a nursing home where she is able to choose her daily activities. Peggy lives in a nursing home where the staff schedules all her activities. Research suggests that compared to Peggy, Lucille will be

Accepted Answer

A)  happier, but less active. 
B)  more active, but not happier. 
C)  happier and more active. 
D)  just as happy and active. 
A)  happier, but less active. 
B)  more active, but not happier. 
C)  happier and more active. 
D)  just as happy and active.

Question 20

According to the research by Susan Nolen-Hoeksema and Jannay Morrow (1991) with a group of Stanford University students, the distressing effects of a natural disaster are most likely to emerge among individuals who

Accepted Answer

A)  were least distressed before the event. 
B)  are high in self-efficacy. 
C)  experienced the most danger during the event. 
D)  rely on emotion-focused coping. 
A)  were least distressed before the event. 
B)  are high in self-efficacy. 
C)  experienced the most danger during the event. 
D)  rely on emotion-focused coping.

A pattern of behavior characterized by extremes of competitive striving for achievement, a sense of time urgency, hostility, and aggression is called

In interviews with hospital patients, Holmes and Rahe (1967) found that illness was often preceded by a major life event. Their finding is consistent with the hypothesis that

Analyzing national surveys that were conducted from 1983 to 2009, Sheldon Cohen and Denise Janicki-Deverts (2012) found that more stress is consistently reported by

Pressman and Cohen (2012) analyzed writings of highly influential, deceased psychologists and found that the use of ____________ emotion words in writing was associated with longevity.

Distinguish between negative and positive life changes in terms of the amount of stress they produce.

Yvonne is going through a bad phase and wants to feel better. She decides to direct her attention to what is happening here and now, without judgment or evaluation. Her goal will be best served by

Which of the following statements concerning personality and coronary heart disease is true ?

Identify three factors that seem to underlie therapeutic approaches to stress, regardless of any specific theoretical orientation.

The annual number of work hours in Japan has dropped to below average among developed countries as a result of the country's efforts to fight _______

Positive emotions such as joy help people cope with adversity by

Health psychology

Studying railroad commuters who traveled regularly from their homes in suburban New Jersey to work in Manhattan, Evans and Wener (2006) found that the longer their commute was,

Regina learns that hostility is a factor in the development of high blood pressure, so she now tries to suppress her anger. Consequently, her blood pressure will most probably

Ralph has had a stressful month. His girlfriend dumped him, he failed three exams, and someone stole his car. According to Abramson et al.'s (1989) notion of hopelessness, Ralph's reactions to these events depend on his

Compared to European Americans, Asians are less likely to seek out social support when the source of stress is

Adaptation-level theory suggests that

Sue Ellen typically explains negative events using temporary, specific, external attributions. According to Seligman (1991), Sue Ellen could best be described as exhibiting

Self-awareness theory suggests that self-focus

Lucille lives in a nursing home where she is able to choose her daily activities. Peggy lives in a nursing home where the staff schedules all her activities. Research suggests that compared to Peggy, Lucille will be

According to the research by Susan Nolen-Hoeksema and Jannay Morrow (1991) with a group of Stanford University students, the distressing effects of a natural disaster are most likely to emerge among individuals who

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Filters

Exam 14: Health

A pattern of behavior characterized by extremes of competitive striving for achievement, a sense of time urgency, hostility, and aggression is called

In interviews with hospital patients, Holmes and Rahe (1967) found that illness was often preceded by a major life event. Their finding is consistent with the hypothesis that

Analyzing national surveys that were conducted from 1983 to 2009, Sheldon Cohen and Denise Janicki-Deverts (2012) found that more stress is consistently reported by

Pressman and Cohen (2012) analyzed writings of highly influential, deceased psychologists and found that the use of ____________ emotion words in writing was associated with longevity.

Distinguish between negative and positive life changes in terms of the amount of stress they produce.

Yvonne is going through a bad phase and wants to feel better. She decides to direct her attention to what is happening here and now, without judgment or evaluation. Her goal will be best served by

Which of the following statements concerning personality and coronary heart disease is true ?

Identify three factors that seem to underlie therapeutic approaches to stress, regardless of any specific theoretical orientation.

The annual number of work hours in Japan has dropped to below average among developed countries as a result of the country's efforts to fight _______

Positive emotions such as joy help people cope with adversity by

Health psychology

Studying railroad commuters who traveled regularly from their homes in suburban New Jersey to work in Manhattan, Evans and Wener (2006) found that the longer their commute was,

Regina learns that hostility is a factor in the development of high blood pressure, so she now tries to suppress her anger. Consequently, her blood pressure will most probably

Ralph has had a stressful month. His girlfriend dumped him, he failed three exams, and someone stole his car. According to Abramson et al.'s (1989) notion of hopelessness, Ralph's reactions to these events depend on his

Compared to European Americans, Asians are less likely to seek out social support when the source of stress is

Adaptation-level theory suggests that

Sue Ellen typically explains negative events using temporary, specific, external attributions. According to Seligman (1991), Sue Ellen could best be described as exhibiting

Self-awareness theory suggests that self-focus

Lucille lives in a nursing home where she is able to choose her daily activities. Peggy lives in a nursing home where the staff schedules all her activities. Research suggests that compared to Peggy, Lucille will be

According to the research by Susan Nolen-Hoeksema and Jannay Morrow (1991) with a group of Stanford University students, the distressing effects of a natural disaster are most likely to emerge among individuals who

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Filters