Question 1

Research suggests that procrastination is problematic. Nonetheless, a more controlling orientation epitomized by tackling tasks head-on can be problematic too in that it can

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent problem-focused coping. 
B)  lead to Type B pattern of behavior. 
C)  disrupt the focusing of attention. 
D)  be physiologically taxing. 
A)  prevent problem-focused coping. 
B)  lead to Type B pattern of behavior. 
C)  disrupt the focusing of attention. 
D)  be physiologically taxing.

Question 2

Who is likely to report the highest level of subjective well-being?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tine, who has lost touch with his family since starting graduate school 
B)  Mariano, a middle-aged librarian whose recommendations are sought by many 
C)  Paul, who has had a terrible cold for over two weeks and is resting alone at home 
D)  Derek, who is very rich and successful in his career but not physically attractive 
A)  Tine, who has lost touch with his family since starting graduate school 
B)  Mariano, a middle-aged librarian whose recommendations are sought by many 
C)  Paul, who has had a terrible cold for over two weeks and is resting alone at home 
D)  Derek, who is very rich and successful in his career but not physically attractive

Question 3

Though occasional victories can elevate one's happiness level, and setbacks can decrease it, research finds that people have a set ____ level of happiness to which the person gravitates.

Accepted Answer

A)  static 
B)  appraisal 
C)  equilibrium 
D)  baseline 
A)  static 
B)  appraisal 
C)  equilibrium 
D)  baseline

Question 4

According to Seligman (1975), depression results primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)  hedonic adaptation. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  Type B personality. 
D)  general adaptation syndrome. 
A)  hedonic adaptation. 
B)  learned helplessness. 
C)  Type B personality. 
D)  general adaptation syndrome.

Question 5

Gruber and others (2011) found that excessive happiness

Accepted Answer

A)  improves physiological health. 
B)  leads people to be less attentive to threats. 
C)  reduces the likelihood of engaging in risky behavior. 
D)  enhances emotional well-being. 
A)  improves physiological health. 
B)  leads people to be less attentive to threats. 
C)  reduces the likelihood of engaging in risky behavior. 
D)  enhances emotional well-being.

Question 6

Stress is widely viewed as

Accepted Answer

A)  an unpleasant state of arousal. 
B)  synonymous with anxiety. 
C)  a permanent mental state. 
D)  inescapable on a daily basis. 
A)  an unpleasant state of arousal. 
B)  synonymous with anxiety. 
C)  a permanent mental state. 
D)  inescapable on a daily basis.

Question 7

Cognitive and behavioral efforts to reduce the distress produced by a stressful situation are called ____ coping.

Accepted Answer

A)  problem-focused 
B)  emotion-focused 
C)  proactive 
D)  reactive 
A)  problem-focused 
B)  emotion-focused 
C)  proactive 
D)  reactive

Question 8

Fredrickson (2009) has suggested two steps in explaining why positive emotions are so effective in coping. Those two steps are that positive emotions

Accepted Answer

A)  broaden our outlook and then build our personal resources. 
B)  lower our heart rate and then increase our sense of well-being. 
C)  narrow our outlook and then build our personal resources. 
D)  broaden our outlook and then shrink our personal resources. 
A)  broaden our outlook and then build our personal resources. 
B)  lower our heart rate and then increase our sense of well-being. 
C)  narrow our outlook and then build our personal resources. 
D)  broaden our outlook and then shrink our personal resources.

Question 9

Kelley spends a lot of time focusing on herself. Her psychological health could be threatened if this self-focus leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  attempts at getting attention. 
B)  rumination about problems. 
C)  attributions to situations. 
D)  redirecting her attention away from herself. 
A)  attempts at getting attention. 
B)  rumination about problems. 
C)  attributions to situations. 
D)  redirecting her attention away from herself.

Question 10

When uncontrollable life events are especially traumatic, it tends to be healthier to

Accepted Answer

A)  make specific attributions, rather than global attributions. 
B)  raise our perceptions of control and sense of optimism to a higher level. 
C)  engage in problem-focused coping than in emotion-focused coping. 
D)  open up to trusted others than to keep things to oneself. 
A)  make specific attributions, rather than global attributions. 
B)  raise our perceptions of control and sense of optimism to a higher level. 
C)  engage in problem-focused coping than in emotion-focused coping. 
D)  open up to trusted others than to keep things to oneself.

Question 11

What is the best analogy for the experience of catharsis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taking the lid off of a boiling pot of water 
B)  Blowing up a balloon until it pops 
C)  Using anesthesia before dental surgery 
D)  A bullet coming out of a gun 
A)  Taking the lid off of a boiling pot of water 
B)  Blowing up a balloon until it pops 
C)  Using anesthesia before dental surgery 
D)  A bullet coming out of a gun

Question 12

What is not a reason for why socioeconomic status is negatively associated with the experience of daily hassles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-income neighborhoods are more crowded than high-income neighborhoods. 
B)  People from low SES backgrounds have fewer medical resources. 
C)  Low-income families are more likely to have a poor diet. 
D)  Children in low-income families have few opportunities for physical exercise. 
A)  Low-income neighborhoods are more crowded than high-income neighborhoods. 
B)  People from low SES backgrounds have fewer medical resources. 
C)  Low-income families are more likely to have a poor diet. 
D)  Children in low-income families have few opportunities for physical exercise.

Question 13

The rebound effect in thought suppression disappears when people

Accepted Answer

A)  try to think positively. 
B)  receive social support. 
C)  engage in focused distraction. 
D)  are high in self-efficacy. 
A)  try to think positively. 
B)  receive social support. 
C)  engage in focused distraction. 
D)  are high in self-efficacy.

Question 14

Sarah is stressed about her upcoming exam, so she goes to the gym to work out and feels less stressed afterward. Shine is also stressed about her exam, but she decides to budget extra time to study and hires a tutor, which makes her feel less stressed. Both Sarah and Shine are engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  coping. 
B)  appraisal. 
C)  learning helplessness. 
D)  adaptation. 
A)  coping. 
B)  appraisal. 
C)  learning helplessness. 
D)  adaptation.

Question 15

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research concerning the impact of stress on the immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals deprived of sleep for long periods of time exhibit a weakened immune system. 
B)  Recently divorced or widowed individuals show increased functioning of their immune systems. 
C)  Both positive and negative events weaken the immune system. 
D)  Stress weakens the immune systems of rats, but not humans. 
A)  Individuals deprived of sleep for long periods of time exhibit a weakened immune system. 
B)  Recently divorced or widowed individuals show increased functioning of their immune systems. 
C)  Both positive and negative events weaken the immune system. 
D)  Stress weakens the immune systems of rats, but not humans.

Question 16

Sapolsky (2004) argues that for humans, from an evolutionary perspective, psychological stress is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  recent invention. 
B)  adaptive benefit. 
C)  long-term selection advantage. 
D)  immunological response. 
A)  recent invention. 
B)  adaptive benefit. 
C)  long-term selection advantage. 
D)  immunological response.

Question 17

What seems to matter the least when it comes to determining whether a therapy will be successful or not?

Accepted Answer

A)  The intensity of social support provided 
B)  The school of thought on which the therapy is based 
C)  Whether patients have a choice in how the therapy proceeds 
D)  Whether it communicates a positive expectation 
A)  The intensity of social support provided 
B)  The school of thought on which the therapy is based 
C)  Whether patients have a choice in how the therapy proceeds 
D)  Whether it communicates a positive expectation

Question 18

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between stress and illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stress increases the number of lymphocytes in the bloodstream, which diminishes the body's ability to fight off disease. 
B)  Stress increases levels of adrenaline and other hormones that suppress immune cell activity and increase susceptibility to illness. 
C)  Stress increases the negative attributions that people make, and negative attributions can become self-fulfilling prophecies. 
D)  Under high levels of stress, people tend to sleep too much, which weakens the immune system and makes illness more likely. 
A)  Stress increases the number of lymphocytes in the bloodstream, which diminishes the body's ability to fight off disease. 
B)  Stress increases levels of adrenaline and other hormones that suppress immune cell activity and increase susceptibility to illness. 
C)  Stress increases the negative attributions that people make, and negative attributions can become self-fulfilling prophecies. 
D)  Under high levels of stress, people tend to sleep too much, which weakens the immune system and makes illness more likely.

Question 19

Psychological stress has been implicated as a factor in a wide variety of illnesses. This can be explained by the fact that stress

Accepted Answer

A)  can be experienced as either positive or negative. 
B)  compromises the body's immune system. 
C)  cannot be treated and thus escalates. 
D)  promotes an illusion of invulnerability to disease. 
A)  can be experienced as either positive or negative. 
B)  compromises the body's immune system. 
C)  cannot be treated and thus escalates. 
D)  promotes an illusion of invulnerability to disease.

Question 20

Research on the relationship between money and happiness suggests that generally

Accepted Answer

A)  comparisons to those who are better off tend to increase feelings of subjective well-being. 
B)  within a country, the wealthier citizens report significantly greater levels of happiness. 
C)  as the wealth within a culture increases, the subjective well-being of its citizens increases. 
D)  citizens of wealthier nations report greater levels of happiness. 
A)  comparisons to those who are better off tend to increase feelings of subjective well-being. 
B)  within a country, the wealthier citizens report significantly greater levels of happiness. 
C)  as the wealth within a culture increases, the subjective well-being of its citizens increases. 
D)  citizens of wealthier nations report greater levels of happiness.

Research suggests that procrastination is problematic. Nonetheless, a more controlling orientation epitomized by tackling tasks head-on can be problematic too in that it can

Who is likely to report the highest level of subjective well-being?

Though occasional victories can elevate one's happiness level, and setbacks can decrease it, research finds that people have a set ____ level of happiness to which the person gravitates.

According to Seligman (1975), depression results primarily from

Gruber and others (2011) found that excessive happiness

Stress is widely viewed as

Cognitive and behavioral efforts to reduce the distress produced by a stressful situation are called ____ coping.

Fredrickson (2009) has suggested two steps in explaining why positive emotions are so effective in coping. Those two steps are that positive emotions

Kelley spends a lot of time focusing on herself. Her psychological health could be threatened if this self-focus leads to

When uncontrollable life events are especially traumatic, it tends to be healthier to

What is the best analogy for the experience of catharsis?

What is not a reason for why socioeconomic status is negatively associated with the experience of daily hassles?

The rebound effect in thought suppression disappears when people

Sarah is stressed about her upcoming exam, so she goes to the gym to work out and feels less stressed afterward. Shine is also stressed about her exam, but she decides to budget extra time to study and hires a tutor, which makes her feel less stressed. Both Sarah and Shine are engaged in

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research concerning the impact of stress on the immune system?

Sapolsky (2004) argues that for humans, from an evolutionary perspective, psychological stress is a(n)

What seems to matter the least when it comes to determining whether a therapy will be successful or not?

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between stress and illness?

Psychological stress has been implicated as a factor in a wide variety of illnesses. This can be explained by the fact that stress

Research on the relationship between money and happiness suggests that generally

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Filters

Exam 14: Health

Research suggests that procrastination is problematic. Nonetheless, a more controlling orientation epitomized by tackling tasks head-on can be problematic too in that it can

Who is likely to report the highest level of subjective well-being?

Though occasional victories can elevate one's happiness level, and setbacks can decrease it, research finds that people have a set ____ level of happiness to which the person gravitates.

According to Seligman (1975), depression results primarily from

Gruber and others (2011) found that excessive happiness

Stress is widely viewed as

Cognitive and behavioral efforts to reduce the distress produced by a stressful situation are called ____ coping.

Fredrickson (2009) has suggested two steps in explaining why positive emotions are so effective in coping. Those two steps are that positive emotions

Kelley spends a lot of time focusing on herself. Her psychological health could be threatened if this self-focus leads to

When uncontrollable life events are especially traumatic, it tends to be healthier to

What is the best analogy for the experience of catharsis?

What is not a reason for why socioeconomic status is negatively associated with the experience of daily hassles?

The rebound effect in thought suppression disappears when people

Sarah is stressed about her upcoming exam, so she goes to the gym to work out and feels less stressed afterward. Shine is also stressed about her exam, but she decides to budget extra time to study and hires a tutor, which makes her feel less stressed. Both Sarah and Shine are engaged in

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research concerning the impact of stress on the immune system?

Sapolsky (2004) argues that for humans, from an evolutionary perspective, psychological stress is a(n)

What seems to matter the least when it comes to determining whether a therapy will be successful or not?

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between stress and illness?

Psychological stress has been implicated as a factor in a wide variety of illnesses. This can be explained by the fact that stress

Research on the relationship between money and happiness suggests that generally

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Filters