Question 1

When innocent suspects are subjected to a polygraph test, they

Accepted Answer

A)  are more aroused by crime-relevant questions than control questions. 
B)  are more aroused by control questions than crime-relevant questions. 
C)  exhibit overall lower levels of arousal than guilty suspects. 
D)  exhibit overall higher levels of arousal than guilty suspects. 
A)  are more aroused by crime-relevant questions than control questions. 
B)  are more aroused by control questions than crime-relevant questions. 
C)  exhibit overall lower levels of arousal than guilty suspects. 
D)  exhibit overall higher levels of arousal than guilty suspects.

Question 2

A police officer testifies that the defendant in a murder trial confessed to the crime. Under cross-examination, the officer reveals details of the interrogation that suggest it is likely that the defendant was coerced into confessing. How are jurors likely to react to the confession evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jurors will discount the confession because it was coerced. 
B)  Jurors will accept the confession because as a general rule jurors don't believe that people would confess to a crime that they did not commit. 
C)  Jurors will believe that they have discounted the confession, but will vote to convict anyway. 
D)  If the judge instructs jurors to disregard the confession evidence, then they will discount it, but otherwise, they will not. 
A)  Jurors will discount the confession because it was coerced. 
B)  Jurors will accept the confession because as a general rule jurors don't believe that people would confess to a crime that they did not commit. 
C)  Jurors will believe that they have discounted the confession, but will vote to convict anyway. 
D)  If the judge instructs jurors to disregard the confession evidence, then they will discount it, but otherwise, they will not.

Question 3

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

Accepted Answer

A)  some research suggests that it can make mistakes. 
B)  arousal cannot be measured with the polygraph. 
C)  it measures only the vocal channel, ignoring all other channels. 
D)  control questions do not evoke arousal in innocent people. 
A)  some research suggests that it can make mistakes. 
B)  arousal cannot be measured with the polygraph. 
C)  it measures only the vocal channel, ignoring all other channels. 
D)  control questions do not evoke arousal in innocent people.

Question 4

The members of a jury have been deliberating for several weeks. As they begin to converge on a verdict, disagreement is smoothed over and satisfaction with the verdict is affirmed. This stage of deliberation is called the period of

Accepted Answer

A)  retrieval. 
B)  orientation. 
C)  reconciliation. 
D)  nullification. 
A)  retrieval. 
B)  orientation. 
C)  reconciliation. 
D)  nullification.

Question 5

The members of a jury are at the point in their deliberations where they are scrutinizing the evidence, constructing stories to account for the evidence, and discussing the judge's instructions. This jury is at what stage of deliberation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Open conflict 
B)  Orientation 
C)  Reconciliation 
D)  Nullification 
A)  Open conflict 
B)  Orientation 
C)  Reconciliation 
D)  Nullification

Question 6

In a murder trial, Bob was selected to serve on a death-qualified jury. Given his attitude toward the death penalty, he is probably ____ than the average U.S. citizen.

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to vote for acquittal 
B)  more likely to recommend the death penalty 
C)  more tolerant of procedures that protect the accused 
D)  less religious 
A)  more likely to vote for acquittal 
B)  more likely to recommend the death penalty 
C)  more tolerant of procedures that protect the accused 
D)  less religious

Question 7

Summarize the means by which the polygraph works as a lie detector. What two major problems call its accuracy into question?

Accepted Answer

A polygraph is an instrument that record

Question 8

Franklin, an African American male, is on trial for attempted murder. The study conducted by Sommers (2006) regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jerry, a Caucasian male on an all-Caucasian jury 
B)  Robin, a Caucasian male on a racially diverse jury 
C)  Eddie, an African American male on an all-African-American jury 
D)  Dave, an African American male on a racially diverse jury 
A)  Jerry, a Caucasian male on an all-Caucasian jury 
B)  Robin, a Caucasian male on a racially diverse jury 
C)  Eddie, an African American male on an all-African-American jury 
D)  Dave, an African American male on a racially diverse jury

Question 9

Who will be the opponent of the death penalty?

Accepted Answer

A)  Michael, who scores low on a self-report measure of authoritarian beliefs 
B)  Buster, who holds fundamentalist religious beliefs 
C)  Lindsey, who believes that the world is a fair place in which you get what you deserve 
D)  Gob, who believes in the deterrent potential of capital punishment 
A)  Michael, who scores low on a self-report measure of authoritarian beliefs 
B)  Buster, who holds fundamentalist religious beliefs 
C)  Lindsey, who believes that the world is a fair place in which you get what you deserve 
D)  Gob, who believes in the deterrent potential of capital punishment

Question 10

Eighteen-year-old André has been accused of statutory rape because he had sex with his 17-year-old girlfriend. When the case goes to trial, the prosecution presents evidence confirming that André broke the law; yet the jurors vote not guilty because they feel the law is outdated. The jury's action is a clear example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the positive coercion bias. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  sentencing disparity. 
D)  jury nullification. 
A)  the positive coercion bias. 
B)  internalization. 
C)  sentencing disparity. 
D)  jury nullification.

Question 11

Cathy witnesses a carjacking. A few days later, she is called to the police station to identify the culprit from a lineup. Cathy is most likely to be accurate if

Accepted Answer

A)  the police tell her that the culprit is in the lineup. 
B)  one of the men in the lineup resembles the description that Cathy had given the police, while the other men in the lineup look very different from that description. 
C)  she is first presented with some mug shots and then views a lineup containing one of the men whose mug shot she has seen. 
D)  she observes the suspect one at a time rather than together in a single lineup. 
A)  the police tell her that the culprit is in the lineup. 
B)  one of the men in the lineup resembles the description that Cathy had given the police, while the other men in the lineup look very different from that description. 
C)  she is first presented with some mug shots and then views a lineup containing one of the men whose mug shot she has seen. 
D)  she observes the suspect one at a time rather than together in a single lineup.

Question 12

The factor affecting the reliability of eyewitness testimony is called

Accepted Answer

A)  weapon-focus effect. 
B)  distraction effect. 
C)  inattention phenomenon. 
D)  CSI effect. 
A)  weapon-focus effect. 
B)  distraction effect. 
C)  inattention phenomenon. 
D)  CSI effect.

Question 13

Manisha witnesses a crime and is brought to the police station for an interview about what she saw. She is given a face construction booklet and asked to pick the hairstyle, eyes, nose, mouth, ears, etc., that look like the culprit's. Research suggests that this process is likely to lead Manisha to

Accepted Answer

A)  perform more accurately if she is shown a lineup including the culprit several days later. 
B)  perform less accurately if she is shown a lineup including the culprit several days later. 
C)  become more confident in her ability to identify the culprit. 
D)  become less confident in her ability to identify the culprit. 
A)  perform more accurately if she is shown a lineup including the culprit several days later. 
B)  perform less accurately if she is shown a lineup including the culprit several days later. 
C)  become more confident in her ability to identify the culprit. 
D)  become less confident in her ability to identify the culprit.

Question 14

Which of the following is not an event characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender of the witness. 
B)  The presence of a weapon 
C)  The time between the incident and recall 
D)  Lighting 
A)  Gender of the witness. 
B)  The presence of a weapon 
C)  The time between the incident and recall 
D)  Lighting

Question 15

During voir dire , one of the jurors recognized the defendant as a family acquaintance. In this case, the prosecutor would probably

Accepted Answer

A)  use a peremptory challenge. 
B)  challenge for cause. 
C)  empanel the juror. 
D)  sequester the juror. 
A)  use a peremptory challenge. 
B)  challenge for cause. 
C)  empanel the juror. 
D)  sequester the juror.

Question 16

____% of police officers reported that they routinely encounter witnesses who are drunk or under the influence of drugs when committing a crime or being interviewed by the police.

Accepted Answer

A)  24 
B)  41 
C)  59 
D)  75 
A)  24 
B)  41 
C)  59 
D)  75

Question 17

One reason for controversy surrounding sentencing decisions in this country is that Americans often

Accepted Answer

A)  disagree about the adversarial model. 
B)  believe that juries are inept. 
C)  resist the inquisitorial model of justice. 
D)  disagree about the goals of imprisonment. 
A)  disagree about the adversarial model. 
B)  believe that juries are inept. 
C)  resist the inquisitorial model of justice. 
D)  disagree about the goals of imprisonment.

Question 18

Leonard Berkowitz and Anthony LePage (1967) explored the impact of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weapons effect 
B)  Stereotypes 
C)  Interference 
D)  The cross-race identification bias 
A)  Weapons effect 
B)  Stereotypes 
C)  Interference 
D)  The cross-race identification bias

Question 19

Kara sees a news story on television about an upcoming criminal defendant who was previously charged with similar crimes. If Kara is selected to serve as a juror for this defendant's trial, it is likely that

Accepted Answer

A)  the information concerning the defendant's prior criminal activity will have no impact on her verdict as long as she agrees to be objective and impartial. 
B)  the information concerning the defendant's prior criminal record may bias her impression of the defendant, but instructions from the judge can counteract such a bias. 
C)  Kara will interpret the facts of the case in a way that is consistent with the information about the defendant's prior criminal record. 
D)  the pretrial publicity will make the defendant seem more familiar to Kara and so she will be less likely to convict. 
A)  the information concerning the defendant's prior criminal activity will have no impact on her verdict as long as she agrees to be objective and impartial. 
B)  the information concerning the defendant's prior criminal record may bias her impression of the defendant, but instructions from the judge can counteract such a bias. 
C)  Kara will interpret the facts of the case in a way that is consistent with the information about the defendant's prior criminal record. 
D)  the pretrial publicity will make the defendant seem more familiar to Kara and so she will be less likely to convict.

Question 20

Relative to large juries, smaller juries may spend less time deliberating mostly because they are

Accepted Answer

A)  less conducive to the emergence of minority allies. 
B)  more likely to have a male foreperson. 
C)  less inclined to reach a unanimous verdict. 
D)  not used in trials involving complex decisions. 
A)  less conducive to the emergence of minority allies. 
B)  more likely to have a male foreperson. 
C)  less inclined to reach a unanimous verdict. 
D)  not used in trials involving complex decisions.

When innocent suspects are subjected to a polygraph test, they

A police officer testifies that the defendant in a murder trial confessed to the crime. Under cross-examination, the officer reveals details of the interrogation that suggest it is likely that the defendant was coerced into confessing. How are jurors likely to react to the confession evidence?

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

The members of a jury have been deliberating for several weeks. As they begin to converge on a verdict, disagreement is smoothed over and satisfaction with the verdict is affirmed. This stage of deliberation is called the period of

The members of a jury are at the point in their deliberations where they are scrutinizing the evidence, constructing stories to account for the evidence, and discussing the judge's instructions. This jury is at what stage of deliberation?

In a murder trial, Bob was selected to serve on a death-qualified jury. Given his attitude toward the death penalty, he is probably ____ than the average U.S. citizen.

Summarize the means by which the polygraph works as a lie detector. What two major problems call its accuracy into question?

Franklin, an African American male, is on trial for attempted murder. The study conducted by Sommers (2006) regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Who will be the opponent of the death penalty?

Cathy witnesses a carjacking. A few days later, she is called to the police station to identify the culprit from a lineup. Cathy is most likely to be accurate if

The factor affecting the reliability of eyewitness testimony is called

Manisha witnesses a crime and is brought to the police station for an interview about what she saw. She is given a face construction booklet and asked to pick the hairstyle, eyes, nose, mouth, ears, etc., that look like the culprit's. Research suggests that this process is likely to lead Manisha to

Which of the following is not an event characteristic?

During voir dire , one of the jurors recognized the defendant as a family acquaintance. In this case, the prosecutor would probably

____% of police officers reported that they routinely encounter witnesses who are drunk or under the influence of drugs when committing a crime or being interviewed by the police.

One reason for controversy surrounding sentencing decisions in this country is that Americans often

Leonard Berkowitz and Anthony LePage (1967) explored the impact of which of the following?

Kara sees a news story on television about an upcoming criminal defendant who was previously charged with similar crimes. If Kara is selected to serve as a juror for this defendant's trial, it is likely that

Relative to large juries, smaller juries may spend less time deliberating mostly because they are

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters

Exam 12: Law

When innocent suspects are subjected to a polygraph test, they

A police officer testifies that the defendant in a murder trial confessed to the crime. Under cross-examination, the officer reveals details of the interrogation that suggest it is likely that the defendant was coerced into confessing. How are jurors likely to react to the confession evidence?

A major problem with using the polygraph as a lie detector is that

The members of a jury have been deliberating for several weeks. As they begin to converge on a verdict, disagreement is smoothed over and satisfaction with the verdict is affirmed. This stage of deliberation is called the period of

The members of a jury are at the point in their deliberations where they are scrutinizing the evidence, constructing stories to account for the evidence, and discussing the judge's instructions. This jury is at what stage of deliberation?

In a murder trial, Bob was selected to serve on a death-qualified jury. Given his attitude toward the death penalty, he is probably ____ than the average U.S. citizen.

Summarize the means by which the polygraph works as a lie detector. What two major problems call its accuracy into question?

Franklin, an African American male, is on trial for attempted murder. The study conducted by Sommers (2006) regarding jury racial composition suggests which of the following jurors would be most likely to vote to convict Franklin?

Who will be the opponent of the death penalty?

Cathy witnesses a carjacking. A few days later, she is called to the police station to identify the culprit from a lineup. Cathy is most likely to be accurate if

The factor affecting the reliability of eyewitness testimony is called

Manisha witnesses a crime and is brought to the police station for an interview about what she saw. She is given a face construction booklet and asked to pick the hairstyle, eyes, nose, mouth, ears, etc., that look like the culprit's. Research suggests that this process is likely to lead Manisha to

Which of the following is not an event characteristic?

During voir dire , one of the jurors recognized the defendant as a family acquaintance. In this case, the prosecutor would probably

____% of police officers reported that they routinely encounter witnesses who are drunk or under the influence of drugs when committing a crime or being interviewed by the police.

One reason for controversy surrounding sentencing decisions in this country is that Americans often

Leonard Berkowitz and Anthony LePage (1967) explored the impact of which of the following?

Kara sees a news story on television about an upcoming criminal defendant who was previously charged with similar crimes. If Kara is selected to serve as a juror for this defendant's trial, it is likely that

Relative to large juries, smaller juries may spend less time deliberating mostly because they are

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters