Question 1

A dispute resolution system in which the prosecution and defense present opposing sides of the story is called a(n) ____ model.

Accepted Answer

A)  adversarial 
B)  inquisitorial 
C)  comparative 
D)  cultural 
A)  adversarial 
B)  inquisitorial 
C)  comparative 
D)  cultural

Question 2

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeating the question 
B)  Introducing misinformation 
C)  Leading questions 
D)  Questioning in a group setting 
A)  Repeating the question 
B)  Introducing misinformation 
C)  Leading questions 
D)  Questioning in a group setting

Question 3

Shaquille has been selected to be the foreperson of his jury. It is likely that Shaquille will

Accepted Answer

A)  exert more influence over the jury's decision than other members of the jury. 
B)  spend more time than other jurors discussing procedural items. 
C)  be especially liked because he had never served on a jury before. 
D)  spend more time than other jurors expressing his opinion. 
A)  exert more influence over the jury's decision than other members of the jury. 
B)  spend more time than other jurors discussing procedural items. 
C)  be especially liked because he had never served on a jury before. 
D)  spend more time than other jurors expressing his opinion.

Question 4

Explain the differences between the adversarial and inquisitorial models of justice. Describe how those differences relate to satisfaction with the process.

Accepted Answer

The adversarial model of justice involve

Question 5

What is the major criterion on which a jury's verdict can be predicted?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonverbal behaviors of the jurors during the trial 
B)  Thoughts of the individual jurors just before deliberation begins 
C)  Initial vote of the foreperson 
D)  Proportion of men to women on the jury 
A)  Nonverbal behaviors of the jurors during the trial 
B)  Thoughts of the individual jurors just before deliberation begins 
C)  Initial vote of the foreperson 
D)  Proportion of men to women on the jury

Question 6

Prida has witnessed a violent crime involving a knife. Research suggests that he will be less likely to identify the culprit than in a situation where no knife was present because Prida will

Accepted Answer

A)  be less aroused. 
B)  focus more on the victim. 
C)  spend more time looking at the knife. 
D)  be too afraid to remember anything accurately. 
A)  be less aroused. 
B)  focus more on the victim. 
C)  spend more time looking at the knife. 
D)  be too afraid to remember anything accurately.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most controversial statement that has been debated among researchers who study reconstructive memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some believe that post-event details actually alter a witness's real memory, whereas others believe it affects only the reporting of the memory. 
B)  Some believe that post-event information can bias an eyewitness's reporting of an event, whereas others believe that only information that is learned during acquisition can bias an eyewitness's reporting. 
C)  Some believe that scientific jury selection is an effective way to reduce the chances that jurors will be biased by reconstructive memory, whereas others believe that this strategy is unethical. 
D)  Some believe that the use of peremptory challenges leads to false memories, whereas others believe it helps ensure accurate memories. 
A)  Some believe that post-event details actually alter a witness's real memory, whereas others believe it affects only the reporting of the memory. 
B)  Some believe that post-event information can bias an eyewitness's reporting of an event, whereas others believe that only information that is learned during acquisition can bias an eyewitness's reporting. 
C)  Some believe that scientific jury selection is an effective way to reduce the chances that jurors will be biased by reconstructive memory, whereas others believe that this strategy is unethical. 
D)  Some believe that the use of peremptory challenges leads to false memories, whereas others believe it helps ensure accurate memories.

Question 8

Summarize the theory of reconstructive memory as it relates to eyewitness testimony. What does the research suggest about the use of such testimony from children?

Accepted Answer

Reconstructive memory is a concept under

Question 9

Internalization is the process in which

Accepted Answer

A)  innocent suspects come to believe that they have committed the crimes for which they are being interrogated. 
B)  suspects confess to crimes that they did not commit in order to escape aversive interrogations. 
C)  accused suspects are offered lighter sentences in exchange for important information. 
D)  juries are able to disregard confession testimony that was extracted through coercion. 
A)  innocent suspects come to believe that they have committed the crimes for which they are being interrogated. 
B)  suspects confess to crimes that they did not commit in order to escape aversive interrogations. 
C)  accused suspects are offered lighter sentences in exchange for important information. 
D)  juries are able to disregard confession testimony that was extracted through coercion.

Question 10

Judge Kellogg has just read a case file in which a defendant who had committed statutory rape was sentenced to 25 years in prison. He is considering sentencing in a statutory rape case in which the prosecutor is asking for 10 years for the defendant. Instead of going with the 10 years recommended by the prosecutor, he chooses to impose a sentence of 22 years. Judge Kellogg's decision illustrates the ____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  anchoring 
B)  severity 
C)  adversarial 
D)  inquisitorial 
A)  anchoring 
B)  severity 
C)  adversarial 
D)  inquisitorial

Question 11

According to Wells and Bradfield (1998), feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

Accepted Answer

A)  he or she makes an accurate identification. 
B)  the feedback validates the identification. 
C)  when the suspect is of a different race. 
D)  the feedback disconfirms the identification. 
A)  he or she makes an accurate identification. 
B)  the feedback validates the identification. 
C)  when the suspect is of a different race. 
D)  the feedback disconfirms the identification.

Question 12

In which way does your text suggest that social psychologists could help the courts make better use of eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)  By educating judges and juries so they can do a better job evaluating eyewitnesses 
B)  By influencing legislation regulating the use of eyewitnesses in specific types of trials 
C)  By contributing to high-profile trials, assisting with jury selection 
D)  By appearing in public fora, such as television programs, to teach the public about the errors in eyewitness testimony 
A)  By educating judges and juries so they can do a better job evaluating eyewitnesses 
B)  By influencing legislation regulating the use of eyewitnesses in specific types of trials 
C)  By contributing to high-profile trials, assisting with jury selection 
D)  By appearing in public fora, such as television programs, to teach the public about the errors in eyewitness testimony

Question 13

Research concerning race and capital punishment indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  for judgments of such serious repercussion, judges and juries are rarely if ever influenced by race. 
B)  the more "stereotypically African American" a black defendant appears, the more likely he is to be sentenced to death. 
C)  defendants are most likely to be sentenced to death when they murder a same-race victim. 
D)  black women were more likely than black men to receive a capital sentence. 
A)  for judgments of such serious repercussion, judges and juries are rarely if ever influenced by race. 
B)  the more "stereotypically African American" a black defendant appears, the more likely he is to be sentenced to death. 
C)  defendants are most likely to be sentenced to death when they murder a same-race victim. 
D)  black women were more likely than black men to receive a capital sentence.

Question 14

In comparison to the inquisitorial system of justice, the adversarial system

Accepted Answer

A)  is higher in decision control. 
B)  provides less satisfaction for participants. 
C)  is higher in process control. 
D)  is far more common. 
A)  is higher in decision control. 
B)  provides less satisfaction for participants. 
C)  is higher in process control. 
D)  is far more common.

Question 15

Research on the leniency bias and jury deliberations suggests that which of the following juries will have the easiest time reaching a unanimous decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  A jury in which 10 jurors vote "not guilty" and two jurors vote "guilty" to start with 
B)  A jury in which 10 jurors vote "guilty" and two jurors vote "not guilty" to start with 
C)  A jury that is evenly split at six-six to start with 
D)  A jury that has paid close attention to the judge's final instructions 
A)  A jury in which 10 jurors vote "not guilty" and two jurors vote "guilty" to start with 
B)  A jury in which 10 jurors vote "guilty" and two jurors vote "not guilty" to start with 
C)  A jury that is evenly split at six-six to start with 
D)  A jury that has paid close attention to the judge's final instructions

Question 16

Tony, Silvio, Paulie, and Christopher were all in the convenience store when it was robbed. Who will be the most reliable eyewitness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tony, who was the only one to notice that the thief was brandishing a gun 
B)  Silvio, who was extremely frightened by the whole incident 
C)  Paulie, who was drunk at the time of the crime 
D)  Christopher, who is the same race as the thief 
A)  Tony, who was the only one to notice that the thief was brandishing a gun 
B)  Silvio, who was extremely frightened by the whole incident 
C)  Paulie, who was drunk at the time of the crime 
D)  Christopher, who is the same race as the thief

Question 17

The defense attorney asks Twila, a prospective juror, if she knows the prosecuting attorney. This illustrates which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Voir dire 
B)  Normative influence 
C)  Informational influence 
D)  Jury nullification 
A)  Voir dire 
B)  Normative influence 
C)  Informational influence 
D)  Jury nullification

Question 18

Which of the following eyewitness testimonies is likely to be the most dependable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joe's testimony about a motorbike accident. He has been interviewed four times by the defense attorney before the trials. 
B)  Suzanne's report immediately after observing a rape incident. She was interviewed by the police, who believed they already has a criminal in custody. 
C)  Tim's testimony about a clothing store. He was interviewed six times by the prosecuting attorney before the trials. 
D)  Liza's report immediately after a robbery. She was asked by the police to narrate the entire event in her own words. 
A)  Joe's testimony about a motorbike accident. He has been interviewed four times by the defense attorney before the trials. 
B)  Suzanne's report immediately after observing a rape incident. She was interviewed by the police, who believed they already has a criminal in custody. 
C)  Tim's testimony about a clothing store. He was interviewed six times by the prosecuting attorney before the trials. 
D)  Liza's report immediately after a robbery. She was asked by the police to narrate the entire event in her own words.

Question 19

Romeo suggests if you know the majority opinion in a jury prior to deliberation, you know what the jury decision will be. What provides the strongest exception to his conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jury nullification 
B)  Leniency bias 
C)  Voir dire 
D)  Death qualification 
A)  Jury nullification 
B)  Leniency bias 
C)  Voir dire 
D)  Death qualification

Question 20

An eyewitness identified Ashtok from a lineup as the man who robbed the bookstore. As an employee of the store, Ashtok was present during the crime but was not the person who committed the crime. What would be the outcome of eyewitness's false identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  The leniency bias 
B)  The misinformation effect 
C)  A familiarity-induced bias 
D)  The fundamental attribution error 
A)  The leniency bias 
B)  The misinformation effect 
C)  A familiarity-induced bias 
D)  The fundamental attribution error

A dispute resolution system in which the prosecution and defense present opposing sides of the story is called a(n) ____ model.

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

Shaquille has been selected to be the foreperson of his jury. It is likely that Shaquille will

Explain the differences between the adversarial and inquisitorial models of justice. Describe how those differences relate to satisfaction with the process.

What is the major criterion on which a jury's verdict can be predicted?

Prida has witnessed a violent crime involving a knife. Research suggests that he will be less likely to identify the culprit than in a situation where no knife was present because Prida will

Which of the following is the most controversial statement that has been debated among researchers who study reconstructive memory?

Summarize the theory of reconstructive memory as it relates to eyewitness testimony. What does the research suggest about the use of such testimony from children?

Internalization is the process in which

According to Wells and Bradfield (1998), feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

In which way does your text suggest that social psychologists could help the courts make better use of eyewitness testimony?

Research concerning race and capital punishment indicates that

In comparison to the inquisitorial system of justice, the adversarial system

Research on the leniency bias and jury deliberations suggests that which of the following juries will have the easiest time reaching a unanimous decision?

Tony, Silvio, Paulie, and Christopher were all in the convenience store when it was robbed. Who will be the most reliable eyewitness?

The defense attorney asks Twila, a prospective juror, if she knows the prosecuting attorney. This illustrates which of the following processes?

Which of the following eyewitness testimonies is likely to be the most dependable?

Romeo suggests if you know the majority opinion in a jury prior to deliberation, you know what the jury decision will be. What provides the strongest exception to his conclusion?

An eyewitness identified Ashtok from a lineup as the man who robbed the bookstore. As an employee of the store, Ashtok was present during the crime but was not the person who committed the crime. What would be the outcome of eyewitness's false identification?

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters

Exam 12: Law

A dispute resolution system in which the prosecution and defense present opposing sides of the story is called a(n) ____ model.

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

Shaquille has been selected to be the foreperson of his jury. It is likely that Shaquille will

Explain the differences between the adversarial and inquisitorial models of justice. Describe how those differences relate to satisfaction with the process.

What is the major criterion on which a jury's verdict can be predicted?

Prida has witnessed a violent crime involving a knife. Research suggests that he will be less likely to identify the culprit than in a situation where no knife was present because Prida will

Which of the following is the most controversial statement that has been debated among researchers who study reconstructive memory?

Summarize the theory of reconstructive memory as it relates to eyewitness testimony. What does the research suggest about the use of such testimony from children?

Internalization is the process in which

According to Wells and Bradfield (1998), feedback can influence an eyewitness's confidence and memory when

In which way does your text suggest that social psychologists could help the courts make better use of eyewitness testimony?

Research concerning race and capital punishment indicates that

In comparison to the inquisitorial system of justice, the adversarial system

Research on the leniency bias and jury deliberations suggests that which of the following juries will have the easiest time reaching a unanimous decision?

Tony, Silvio, Paulie, and Christopher were all in the convenience store when it was robbed. Who will be the most reliable eyewitness?

The defense attorney asks Twila, a prospective juror, if she knows the prosecuting attorney. This illustrates which of the following processes?

Which of the following eyewitness testimonies is likely to be the most dependable?

Romeo suggests if you know the majority opinion in a jury prior to deliberation, you know what the jury decision will be. What provides the strongest exception to his conclusion?

An eyewitness identified Ashtok from a lineup as the man who robbed the bookstore. As an employee of the store, Ashtok was present during the crime but was not the person who committed the crime. What would be the outcome of eyewitness's false identification?

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health

Filters