Question 1

Voltaire was the author of

Accepted Answer

A) Treatise on Toleration . 
B) the plays Œdipe and Henriade . 
C) Philosophic Letters on the English . 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above. 
A) Treatise on Toleration . 
B) the plays Œdipe and Henriade . 
C) Philosophic Letters on the English . 
D) all of the above. 
E) none of the above.

Question 2

define the following term:
-Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws and the separation of powers

Accepted Answer

Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws is

Question 3

define the following term:
-Émile

Accepted Answer

Émile is a French given name that is der

Question 4

Montesquieu's Persian Letters

Accepted Answer

A) expressed his admiration of Islam and the East. 
B) was a translation of a great literary work from ancient Persia. 
C) was a method that allowed him to criticize the Catholic Church and the French monarchy. 
D) was first written Latin but later translated into French. 
E) was published first in Italy. 
A) expressed his admiration of Islam and the East. 
B) was a translation of a great literary work from ancient Persia. 
C) was a method that allowed him to criticize the Catholic Church and the French monarchy. 
D) was first written Latin but later translated into French. 
E) was published first in Italy.

Question 5

define the following term:
-George Frederick Handel

Accepted Answer

George Frederick Handel was a German-bor

Question 6

What were the major ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau? In what ways were Rousseau's ideas unique, differing from those of his predecessors?

Accepted Answer

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a prominent ph

Question 7

define the following term:
-Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews

Accepted Answer

Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews are two ma

Question 8

define the following term:
-Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations

Accepted Answer

Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations" is

Question 9

Isaac Newton and John Locke

Accepted Answer

A) created two antagonistic religious systems of thought. 
B) provided inspiration for the Enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society. 
C) claimed that mathematics and science would bring about the cure for the evils of society but only very slowly. 
D) said the philosophes were the prophets of the future and that their rejection of the Scientific Revolution was justified. 
E) had little influence on the later Enlightenment as they were perceived to be figures of the "old" seventeenth century. 
A) created two antagonistic religious systems of thought. 
B) provided inspiration for the Enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society. 
C) claimed that mathematics and science would bring about the cure for the evils of society but only very slowly. 
D) said the philosophes were the prophets of the future and that their rejection of the Scientific Revolution was justified. 
E) had little influence on the later Enlightenment as they were perceived to be figures of the "old" seventeenth century.

Question 10

European music in the later eighteenth century is best associated with

Accepted Answer

A) Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center from Italy and Germany to the Austrian Empire. 
B) Handel, the most religiously inspired of the period's composers. 
C) the strictly elitist, aristocratic works of Haydn. 
D) the innovative, secular compositions of Bach. 
E) the neoclassical works of Beethoven. 
A) Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center from Italy and Germany to the Austrian Empire. 
B) Handel, the most religiously inspired of the period's composers. 
C) the strictly elitist, aristocratic works of Haydn. 
D) the innovative, secular compositions of Bach. 
E) the neoclassical works of Beethoven.

Question 11

define the following term:
-Cesare Beccaria

Accepted Answer

Cesare Beccaria was an Italian criminolo

Question 12

Did the Enlightenment represent a new era for women? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment did not represent a ne

Question 13

Rousseau, whose novel Émile emphasized the heart and sentiment, served as a precursor of the Romantic movement of the early nineteenth century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

define the following term:
-pogroms

Accepted Answer

Pogroms:

Who?
Pogroms were violent riot

Question 15

According to The Social Contract , the "general will" was

Accepted Answer

A) a meaningless abstraction and impediment to reason. 
B) derived from the law of supply and demand. 
C) a license to do as one pleased. 
D) a social consensus to which the individual must bow. 
E) identical to Locke's social contract. 
A) a meaningless abstraction and impediment to reason. 
B) derived from the law of supply and demand. 
C) a license to do as one pleased. 
D) a social consensus to which the individual must bow. 
E) identical to Locke's social contract.

Question 16

define the following term:
-Johann Sebastian Bach

Accepted Answer

Johann Sebastian Bach was a German compo

Question 17

The French philosophes

Accepted Answer

A) flourished in an atmosphere of government support. 
B) sought no extension of Enlightenment to other disciplines. 
C) were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality. 
D) supported state censorship of ideas contrary to their own. 
E) were widely influenced by Jean Jacques Rousseau and his emphasis upon emotions. 
A) flourished in an atmosphere of government support. 
B) sought no extension of Enlightenment to other disciplines. 
C) were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality. 
D) supported state censorship of ideas contrary to their own. 
E) were widely influenced by Jean Jacques Rousseau and his emphasis upon emotions.

Question 18

define the following term:
-skepticism

Accepted Answer

Skepticism is a philosophical attitude o

Question 19

What was the role of the institutional church in the eighteenth century? What relationship did established churches have with European states, and what roles did they play in European society?

Accepted Answer

In the eighteenth century, the instituti

Question 20

The scientist-philosopher who provides a link between the scientists of the 17th century and the philosophes of the next was

Accepted Answer

A) Voltaire. 
B) Denis Diderot. 
C) David Hume. 
D) Cesare Beccaria. 
E) Bernard de Fontenelle. 
A) Voltaire. 
B) Denis Diderot. 
C) David Hume. 
D) Cesare Beccaria. 
E) Bernard de Fontenelle.

Exam 17: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

Voltaire was the author of

define the following term: -Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws and the separation of powers

define the following term: -Émile

Montesquieu's Persian Letters

define the following term: -George Frederick Handel

What were the major ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau? In what ways were Rousseau's ideas unique, differing from those of his predecessors?

define the following term: -Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews

define the following term: -Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations

Isaac Newton and John Locke

European music in the later eighteenth century is best associated with

define the following term: -Cesare Beccaria

Did the Enlightenment represent a new era for women? Why or why not?

Rousseau, whose novel Émile emphasized the heart and sentiment, served as a precursor of the Romantic movement of the early nineteenth century.

define the following term: -pogroms

According to The Social Contract , the "general will" was

define the following term: -Johann Sebastian Bach

The French philosophes

define the following term: -skepticism

What was the role of the institutional church in the eighteenth century? What relationship did established churches have with European states, and what roles did they play in European society?

The scientist-philosopher who provides a link between the scientists of the 17th century and the philosophes of the next was

The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War Ii

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: the Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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