Question 1

The Russian zemstvos were

Accepted Answer

A) radical, populist societies that supported all revolutionary causes. 
B) local assemblies with limited self-governing powers. 
C) agreements between peasants and landlords concerning work rules. 
D) the emancipation proclamations that set groups of serfs free. 
E) Russia's two national parliaments, one in Moscow and the other in St. Petersburg. 
A) radical, populist societies that supported all revolutionary causes. 
B) local assemblies with limited self-governing powers. 
C) agreements between peasants and landlords concerning work rules. 
D) the emancipation proclamations that set groups of serfs free. 
E) Russia's two national parliaments, one in Moscow and the other in St. Petersburg. B

Question 2

As a statesman, Bismarck can best be appreciated as

Accepted Answer

A) a determined nationalist who planned every move toward German unification. 
B) a conservative but a traitor to his aristocratic class. 
C) a consummate politician and opportunist capitalizing on unexpected events and manipulating affairs to his favor. 
D) a narrow-minded tyrant incapable of mastering the art of negotiation vital to modern European diplomacy. 
E) an enlightened despot. 
A) a determined nationalist who planned every move toward German unification. 
B) a conservative but a traitor to his aristocratic class. 
C) a consummate politician and opportunist capitalizing on unexpected events and manipulating affairs to his favor. 
D) a narrow-minded tyrant incapable of mastering the art of negotiation vital to modern European diplomacy. 
E) an enlightened despot. C

Question 3

define the following term:
-Realism

Accepted Answer

Realism is a literary movement that emerged in the 19th century as a reaction against the romanticism of the previous era. Realist writers sought to depict everyday life and the struggles of ordinary people in a truthful and accurate manner. They focused on the details of everyday life, often portraying the harsh realities of poverty, social injustice, and the struggles of the working class.

Realist literature often featured characters who were relatable and believable, and the settings were often based on real places and events. The language used in realist works was also more straightforward and less flowery than that of the romantics.

Some of the most well-known realist writers include Gustave Flaubert, Leo Tolstoy, and Charles Dickens. Their works often tackled social and political issues, and they sought to shed light on the human condition in a way that was grounded in reality.

Overall, realism in literature sought to provide a more accurate and honest portrayal of life, and it had a significant impact on the development of modern literature.

Question 4

The Eastern Question refers to the disintegration of

Accepted Answer

A) Qing China. 
B) Meiji Japan. 
C) the Russian Empire. 
D) the Ottoman Empire. 
E) the Austrian Empire. 
A) Qing China. 
B) Meiji Japan. 
C) the Russian Empire. 
D) the Ottoman Empire. 
E) the Austrian Empire.

Question 5

Among the key political consequences of Disraeli's Reform Act of 1867 was

Accepted Answer

A) the outbreak of mass strikes by industrial workers in Britain. 
B) a large increase in the number of voters and tighter organization of Liberal and Conservative political parties. 
C) the emergence of female suffrage movements in other European countries inspired by extension of the vote to British women. 
D) the freeing of the last British serfs on northern landed estates. 
E) the incorporation of India into the British Empire. 
A) the outbreak of mass strikes by industrial workers in Britain. 
B) a large increase in the number of voters and tighter organization of Liberal and Conservative political parties. 
C) the emergence of female suffrage movements in other European countries inspired by extension of the vote to British women. 
D) the freeing of the last British serfs on northern landed estates. 
E) the incorporation of India into the British Empire.

Question 6

define the following term:
-Giuseppe Garibaldi and the Red Shirts

Accepted Answer

Giuseppe Garibaldi was an Italian genera

Question 7

The Ausgleich or Compromise of 1867

Accepted Answer

A) created a loose federation of ethnic states within the Austrian Empire. 
B) freed the serfs and eliminated compulsory labor services with the Austrian Empire. 
C) made Austria part of the North German Confederation. 
D) granted the Czechs and Slovenes home-rule. 
E) created the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. 
A) created a loose federation of ethnic states within the Austrian Empire. 
B) freed the serfs and eliminated compulsory labor services with the Austrian Empire. 
C) made Austria part of the North German Confederation. 
D) granted the Czechs and Slovenes home-rule. 
E) created the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

Question 8

define the following term:
-Ottoman Empire

Accepted Answer

The Ottoman Empire was a vast and powerf

Question 9

In 1852 the Second Empire in France was created

Accepted Answer

A) through the assassination of Louis Napoleon. 
B) when the army overthrew the Republic in a coup. 
C) when the National Assembly voluntarily disbanded. 
D) through a bloody revolution in Paris. 
E) when French voters overwhelmingly voted for the restoration of the empire. 
A) through the assassination of Louis Napoleon. 
B) when the army overthrew the Republic in a coup. 
C) when the National Assembly voluntarily disbanded. 
D) through a bloody revolution in Paris. 
E) when French voters overwhelmingly voted for the restoration of the empire.

Question 10

Karl Marx embraced the German philosopher Hegel's idea of the dialectic, meaning

Accepted Answer

A) all change in history is the result of clashes between directly antagonistic elements. 
B) no real changes in society can occur before industrialization. 
C) dictatorship is the central political force in all history. 
D) political diatribes are the highest form of intellectual thought. 
E) there is a world soul, which alternates between democracy and dictatorship. 
A) all change in history is the result of clashes between directly antagonistic elements. 
B) no real changes in society can occur before industrialization. 
C) dictatorship is the central political force in all history. 
D) political diatribes are the highest form of intellectual thought. 
E) there is a world soul, which alternates between democracy and dictatorship.

Question 11

The prime minister of Piedmont who organized the Italian unification movement was

Accepted Answer

A) Giuseppe Mazzini. 
B) Giuseppe Garibaldi. 
C) Camillo di Cavour. 
D) Victor Emmanuel. 
E) the Duke of Alba. 
A) Giuseppe Mazzini. 
B) Giuseppe Garibaldi. 
C) Camillo di Cavour. 
D) Victor Emmanuel. 
E) the Duke of Alba.

Question 12

define the following term:
-Napoleon III

Accepted Answer

Napoleon III, born Charles-Louis Napoleo

Question 13

define the following term:
-mir

Accepted Answer

MIR stands for "Medical Imaging Research

Question 14

How did Realism differ from Romanticism? How did Realism reflect the economic and social realities of Europe during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

Realism differed from Romanticism in sev

Question 15

define the following term:
-Dardanelles and Sevastopol

Accepted Answer

The Dardanelles and Sevastopol are both

Question 16

define the following term:
-Florence Nightingale

Accepted Answer

Florence Nightingale was a pioneering fi

Question 17

The Realist novelist Madame Bovary indicated his contempt for middle-class hypocrisy and smugness was

Accepted Answer

A) Rudyard Kipling. 
B) Gustave Flaubert. 
C) William Thackeray. 
D) Gustave Courbet. 
E) Anthony Powell. 
A) Rudyard Kipling. 
B) Gustave Flaubert. 
C) William Thackeray. 
D) Gustave Courbet. 
E) Anthony Powell.

Question 18

Compare and contrast slavery in the United States with the serfdom in Imperial Russia. How and why was the abolition of both accomplished, and what consequences followed for former slaves and former serfs?

Accepted Answer

Slavery in the United States and serfdom

Question 19

When Tsar Alexander II emancipated Russia's serfs, he also forced landowners to pay them reparations for generations of exploited labor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The belief that everything mental, spiritual, or ideas was simply a result of physical forces is known as

Accepted Answer

A) Realism. 
B) nominalism. 
C) materialism. 
D) consumerism. 
E) thermodynamics. 
A) Realism. 
B) nominalism. 
C) materialism. 
D) consumerism. 
E) thermodynamics.

Exam 22: An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

The Russian zemstvos were

As a statesman, Bismarck can best be appreciated as

define the following term: -Realism

The Eastern Question refers to the disintegration of

Among the key political consequences of Disraeli's Reform Act of 1867 was

define the following term: -Giuseppe Garibaldi and the Red Shirts

The Ausgleich or Compromise of 1867

define the following term: -Ottoman Empire

In 1852 the Second Empire in France was created

Karl Marx embraced the German philosopher Hegel's idea of the dialectic, meaning

The prime minister of Piedmont who organized the Italian unification movement was

define the following term: -Napoleon III

define the following term: -mir

How did Realism differ from Romanticism? How did Realism reflect the economic and social realities of Europe during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?

define the following term: -Dardanelles and Sevastopol

define the following term: -Florence Nightingale

The Realist novelist Madame Bovary indicated his contempt for middle-class hypocrisy and smugness was

Compare and contrast slavery in the United States with the serfdom in Imperial Russia. How and why was the abolition of both accomplished, and what consequences followed for former slaves and former serfs?

When Tsar Alexander II emancipated Russia's serfs, he also forced landowners to pay them reparations for generations of exploited labor.

The belief that everything mental, spiritual, or ideas was simply a result of physical forces is known as

The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War Ii

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: the Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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