Question 1

Which of the following would cause capillary shunts?
I.Atelectasis
II.Severe pulmonary edema
III.Pneumonia

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III 
B)  I only 
C)  II only 
D)  I and II only 
A)  I, II, and III 
B)  I only 
C)  II only 
D)  I and II only

Question 2

Approximately how many hemoglobin molecules are contained in one RBC?

Accepted Answer

A)  280 million 
B)  4 
C)  15 
D)  1.34 
A)  280 million 
B)  4 
C)  15 
D)  1.34

Question 3

What is the normal ratio of HCO₃- to H₂CO₃ in the plasma of arterial blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  20:1 
B)  10:1 
C)  1:20 
D)  1:10 
A)  20:1 
B)  10:1 
C)  1:20 
D)  1:10

Question 4

Which of the following increase the 2,3 BPG levels?
I.hypoxia
II.anemia
III.blood stored for more than 1 week
IV.decreased pH

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, III, and IV 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  I, III, and IV only 
A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, III, and IV 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  I, III, and IV only

Question 5

What is the minimum amount reduced hemoglobin that must be present for cyanosis to appear?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 g% 
B)  1 % 
C)  3g% 
D)  7g% 
A)  5 g% 
B)  1 % 
C)  3g% 
D)  7g%

Question 6

What portion of the total amount of CO₂ transported is carried as dissolved CO₂ in the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  1% 
C)  10% 
D)  20% 
A)  5% 
B)  1% 
C)  10% 
D)  20%

Question 7

Which type of hypoxia is also called stagnant hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

A)  circulatory 
B)  histotoxic 
C)  anemic 
D)  hypoxemic 
A)  circulatory 
B)  histotoxic 
C)  anemic 
D)  hypoxemic

Question 8

During an acute asthma episode,a female patient arrived in ER and on room air was found to have a pH 7.25,PaCO₂ 71 mm Hg,PaO₂ 27 mmHg.What effect would these blood gases have on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  pH and PCO₂ would shift the curve to the right 
B)  pH and PCO₂ would shift the curve to the left 
C)  pH would cause left shift but PCO₂ would cause right shift 
D)  PCO₂ would cause left shift but pH would cause right shift 
A)  pH and PCO₂ would shift the curve to the right 
B)  pH and PCO₂ would shift the curve to the left 
C)  pH would cause left shift but PCO₂ would cause right shift 
D)  PCO₂ would cause left shift but pH would cause right shift

Question 9

Which of the following shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left?
I.Fetal Hb (HbF)
II.carboxyhemoglobin
III.increased H+ concentration

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  II and III only 
D)  I and III only 
A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  II and III only 
D)  I and III only

Question 10

Which of the following are ways carbon dioxide is transported in the plasma?
I.Dissolved
II.Bicarbonate
III.Carbamino-Hb

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  I only 
D)  II only 
A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  I only 
D)  II only

Question 11

Which variable appears on the horizontal portion (x axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation nomogram?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen partial pressure 
B)  total oxygen content 
C)  percentage of hemoglobin chemically bound to oxygen 
D)  barometric pressure 
A)  oxygen partial pressure 
B)  total oxygen content 
C)  percentage of hemoglobin chemically bound to oxygen 
D)  barometric pressure

Question 12

Using the normal values for DO₂ and VO₂ for a healthy adult,how long would it take to deplete the oxygen stores in the body if an adult experienced a complete respiratory arrest?

Accepted Answer

A)  about 4 minutes 
B)  about 2 minutes 
C)  about 8 minutes 
D)  about 10 minues 
A)  about 4 minutes 
B)  about 2 minutes 
C)  about 8 minutes 
D)  about 10 minues

Question 13

Which variable appears on the left side (y axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve nomogram?

Accepted Answer

A)  percentage of hemoglobin chemically bound to oxygen 
B)  total oxygen content 
C)  oxygen pressure 
D)  barometric pressure 
A)  percentage of hemoglobin chemically bound to oxygen 
B)  total oxygen content 
C)  oxygen pressure 
D)  barometric pressure

Question 14

What portion of the total CO₂ transported by the body is carried as carbamino-Hb?

Accepted Answer

A)  21% 
B)  11% 
C)  41% 
D)  1% 
A)  21% 
B)  11% 
C)  41% 
D)  1%

Question 15

Using the 40-50-60/70-80-90 Rule,what PaO₂ would be predicted if the SpO₂ were 80%?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 mm Hg 
B)  60 mm Hg 
C)  40 mm Hg 
D)  70 mm Hg 
A)  50 mm Hg 
B)  60 mm Hg 
C)  40 mm Hg 
D)  70 mm Hg

Question 16

In a normal lung,how large is the normal anatomic shunt?

Accepted Answer

A)  3% of cardiac output 
B)  6% of cardiac output 
C)  9% of cardiac output 
D)  less than 1% of cardiac output 
A)  3% of cardiac output 
B)  6% of cardiac output 
C)  9% of cardiac output 
D)  less than 1% of cardiac output

Question 17

What is derived from the following formula?
(Hb x 1.34 x SvO2)+ (PvO2x 0.003)

Accepted Answer

A)  CvO2 
B)  CaO2 
C)  CCO2 
D)  DO2 
A)  CvO2 
B)  CaO2 
C)  CCO2 
D)  DO2

Question 18

At body temperature,how much oxygen is transported in the plasma if the PaO₂ is 70 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.21 vol% 
B)  21 vol % 
C)  0.021 vol % 
D)  2.1 vol% 
A)  0.21 vol% 
B)  21 vol % 
C)  0.021 vol % 
D)  2.1 vol%

Question 19

What is another term for absolute shunts?

Accepted Answer

A)  true shunts 
B)  relative shunts 
C)  deadspace 
D)  shunt-like effects 
A)  true shunts 
B)  relative shunts 
C)  deadspace 
D)  shunt-like effects

Question 20

What does a hematocrit of 54% indicate for a 40 year old male residing at seal level?

Accepted Answer

A)  polycythemia 
B)  anemia 
C)  normal value 
D)  hemophilia 
A)  polycythemia 
B)  anemia 
C)  normal value 
D)  hemophilia

Which of the following would cause capillary shunts? I.Atelectasis II.Severe pulmonary edema III.Pneumonia

Approximately how many hemoglobin molecules are contained in one RBC?

What is the normal ratio of HCO₃- to H₂CO₃ in the plasma of arterial blood?

Which of the following increase the 2,3 BPG levels? I.hypoxia II.anemia III.blood stored for more than 1 week IV.decreased pH

What is the minimum amount reduced hemoglobin that must be present for cyanosis to appear?

What portion of the total amount of CO₂ transported is carried as dissolved CO₂ in the plasma?

Which type of hypoxia is also called stagnant hypoxia?

During an acute asthma episode,a female patient arrived in ER and on room air was found to have a pH 7.25,PaCO₂ 71 mm Hg,PaO₂ 27 mmHg.What effect would these blood gases have on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Which of the following shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left? I.Fetal Hb (HbF) II.carboxyhemoglobin III.increased H+ concentration

Which of the following are ways carbon dioxide is transported in the plasma? I.Dissolved II.Bicarbonate III.Carbamino-Hb

Which variable appears on the horizontal portion (x axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation nomogram?

Using the normal values for DO₂ and VO₂ for a healthy adult,how long would it take to deplete the oxygen stores in the body if an adult experienced a complete respiratory arrest?

Which variable appears on the left side (y axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve nomogram?

What portion of the total CO₂ transported by the body is carried as carbamino-Hb?

Using the 40-50-60/70-80-90 Rule,what PaO₂ would be predicted if the SpO₂ were 80%?

In a normal lung,how large is the normal anatomic shunt?

What is derived from the following formula? (Hb x 1.34 x SvO2)+ (PvO2x 0.003)

At body temperature,how much oxygen is transported in the plasma if the PaO₂ is 70 mm Hg?

What is another term for absolute shunts?

What does a hematocrit of 54% indicate for a 40 year old male residing at seal level?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

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Exam 6: Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Which of the following would cause capillary shunts? I.Atelectasis II.Severe pulmonary edema III.Pneumonia

Approximately how many hemoglobin molecules are contained in one RBC?

What is the normal ratio of HCO₃- to H₂CO₃ in the plasma of arterial blood?

Which of the following increase the 2,3 BPG levels? I.hypoxia II.anemia III.blood stored for more than 1 week IV.decreased pH

What is the minimum amount reduced hemoglobin that must be present for cyanosis to appear?

What portion of the total amount of CO₂ transported is carried as dissolved CO₂ in the plasma?

Which type of hypoxia is also called stagnant hypoxia?

During an acute asthma episode,a female patient arrived in ER and on room air was found to have a pH 7.25,PaCO₂ 71 mm Hg,PaO₂ 27 mmHg.What effect would these blood gases have on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Which of the following shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left? I.Fetal Hb (HbF) II.carboxyhemoglobin III.increased H+ concentration

Which of the following are ways carbon dioxide is transported in the plasma? I.Dissolved II.Bicarbonate III.Carbamino-Hb

Which variable appears on the horizontal portion (x axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation nomogram?

Using the normal values for DO₂ and VO₂ for a healthy adult,how long would it take to deplete the oxygen stores in the body if an adult experienced a complete respiratory arrest?

Which variable appears on the left side (y axis)of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve nomogram?

What portion of the total CO₂ transported by the body is carried as carbamino-Hb?

Using the 40-50-60/70-80-90 Rule,what PaO₂ would be predicted if the SpO₂ were 80%?

In a normal lung,how large is the normal anatomic shunt?

What is derived from the following formula? (Hb x 1.34 x SvO2)+ (PvO2x 0.003)

At body temperature,how much oxygen is transported in the plasma if the PaO₂ is 70 mm Hg?

What is another term for absolute shunts?

What does a hematocrit of 54% indicate for a 40 year old male residing at seal level?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters