Question 1

Fat cells are known as

Accepted Answer

A) monoacylglycerols. 
B) islet cells. 
C) glycerides. 
D) adipocytes. 
E) lysosomes. 
A) monoacylglycerols. 
B) islet cells. 
C) glycerides. 
D) adipocytes. 
E) lysosomes. D

Question 2

The 2-carbon units obtained by degradation of a fatty acid are further metabolized in

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)  the citric acid cycle. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  transamination. 
E)  gluconeogenesis. 
A)    
B)  the citric acid cycle. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  transamination. 
E)  gluconeogenesis. B

Question 3

The heart muscle's primary source of fuel is

Accepted Answer

A) lactate. 
B) fatty acids. 
C) glycogen. 
D) glucose. 
E) amino acids. 
A) lactate. 
B) fatty acids. 
C) glycogen. 
D) glucose. 
E) amino acids. B

Question 4

The digestion of fats begins when the fat globules are

Accepted Answer

A) emulsified by bile salts. 
B) hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids. 
C) hydrolyzed to glucose and amino acids. 
D) attacked by protease enzymes to form smaller fat globules. 
E) converted to lipoproteins for greater solubility. 
A) emulsified by bile salts. 
B) hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids. 
C) hydrolyzed to glucose and amino acids. 
D) attacked by protease enzymes to form smaller fat globules. 
E) converted to lipoproteins for greater solubility.

Question 5

Which metabolic substrate can be produced from the carbon atoms in the amino acid lysine?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) succinyl CoA 
C) acetoacetyl CoA 
D) fumarate 
A) pyruvate 
B) succinyl CoA 
C) acetoacetyl CoA 
D) fumarate

Question 6

What is the total number of ATP molecules produced from the lauric acid   found in coconut oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  95 ATP 
B)   97 ATP 
C)  90 ATP 
D)  100 ATP 
E)   78 ATP 
A)  95 ATP 
B)   97 ATP 
C)  90 ATP 
D)  100 ATP 
E)   78 ATP

Question 7

Beta-oxidation takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm. 
B) Golgi body. 
C) nucleus. 
D) cytosol. 
E) mitochondrial matrix. 
A) cytoplasm. 
B) Golgi body. 
C) nucleus. 
D) cytosol. 
E) mitochondrial matrix.

Question 8

The initial digestion of protein is catalyzed by an enzyme called

Accepted Answer

A) chymotrypsin. 
B) amylase. 
C) trypsin. 
D) peptidase. 
E) pepsin. 
A) chymotrypsin. 
B) amylase. 
C) trypsin. 
D) peptidase. 
E) pepsin.

Question 9

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown goes to the

Accepted Answer

A) brain. 
B) liver. 
C) small intestine. 
D) pancreas. 
E) gall bladder. 
A) brain. 
B) liver. 
C) small intestine. 
D) pancreas. 
E) gall bladder.

Question 10

Fatty acid synthesis takes place primarily in

Accepted Answer

A) liver cells. 
B) muscle cells. 
C) brain cells. 
D) the cytosol. 
E) intestinal cells. 
A) liver cells. 
B) muscle cells. 
C) brain cells. 
D) the cytosol. 
E) intestinal cells.

Question 11

The small droplets of fat that are the first step in the digestion of dietary fats are called

Accepted Answer

A) emulsions. 
B) micelles. 
C) lipoproteins. 
D) bile drops. 
E) detergents. 
A) emulsions. 
B) micelles. 
C) lipoproteins. 
D) bile drops. 
E) detergents.

Question 12

Malonyl CoA contains a 3-carbon compound used in

Accepted Answer

A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) acetyl CoA formation. 
C) lipogenesis. 
D) gluconeogenesis. 
E) glycogenolysis. 
A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) acetyl CoA formation. 
C) lipogenesis. 
D) gluconeogenesis. 
E) glycogenolysis.

Question 13

To synthesize a   fatty acid, acetyl groups and cycles of fatty acid synthesis are needed.

Accepted Answer

A)  seven, seven 
B)  seven, eight 
C)  eight, seven 
D)  eight, eight 
E)  one, one 
A)  seven, seven 
B)  seven, eight 
C)  eight, seven 
D)  eight, eight 
E)  one, one

Question 14

Fatty acyl CoA cannot cross into the mitochondrial matrix until

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle has begun. 
B)  it binds with a charged carrier molecule called carnitine. 
C)  the mitochondrial membrane undergoes a modification. 
D)     oxidation has taken place. 
E)  it is cut into 2-carbon segments 
A)  the citric acid cycle has begun. 
B)  it binds with a charged carrier molecule called carnitine. 
C)  the mitochondrial membrane undergoes a modification. 
D)     oxidation has taken place. 
E)  it is cut into 2-carbon segments

Question 15

The action of pancreatic lipase on triacylglycerols produces

Accepted Answer

A) emulsions. 
B) low-density lipoproteins. 
C) monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids. 
D) micelles. 
E) high-density lipoproteins. 
A) emulsions. 
B) low-density lipoproteins. 
C) monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids. 
D) micelles. 
E) high-density lipoproteins.

Question 16

When excess acetyl CoA accumulates in the liver, a pathway called ________ is initiated.

Accepted Answer

A) gluconeogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) glycolysis 
D) ketogenesis 
E) emulsification 
A) gluconeogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) glycolysis 
D) ketogenesis 
E) emulsification

Question 17

The coenzyme(s)used in fatty acid synthesis is (are)

Accepted Answer

A) FADH2 and NADH. 
B) FADH2. 
C) NADH. 
D) NADH and NADPH. 
E) NADPH. 
A) FADH2 and NADH. 
B) FADH2. 
C) NADH. 
D) NADH and NADPH. 
E) NADPH.

Question 18

Most of the energy stored in the human body is in the form of

Accepted Answer

A) triacylglycerols. 
B) the amino acid pool. 
C) glucose. 
D) glycogen. 
E) muscle tissue. 
A) triacylglycerols. 
B) the amino acid pool. 
C) glucose. 
D) glycogen. 
E) muscle tissue.

Question 19

The source of energy for red blood cells is

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids. 
B) glycerol. 
C) amino acids. 
D) lactate. 
E) glucose. 
A) fatty acids. 
B) glycerol. 
C) amino acids. 
D) lactate. 
E) glucose.

Question 20

Which metabolic substrate can be produced from the carbon atoms in the amino acid valine?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) succinyl CoA 
C) acetoacetyl CoA 
D) fumarate 
A) pyruvate 
B) succinyl CoA 
C) acetoacetyl CoA 
D) fumarate

Exam 24: Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids

Fat cells are known as

The 2-carbon units obtained by degradation of a fatty acid are further metabolized in

The heart muscle's primary source of fuel is

The digestion of fats begins when the fat globules are

Which metabolic substrate can be produced from the carbon atoms in the amino acid lysine?

What is the total number of ATP molecules produced from the lauric acid found in coconut oil?

Beta-oxidation takes place in the

The initial digestion of protein is catalyzed by an enzyme called

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown goes to the

Fatty acid synthesis takes place primarily in

The small droplets of fat that are the first step in the digestion of dietary fats are called

Malonyl CoA contains a 3-carbon compound used in

To synthesize a fatty acid, acetyl groups and cycles of fatty acid synthesis are needed.

Fatty acyl CoA cannot cross into the mitochondrial matrix until

The action of pancreatic lipase on triacylglycerols produces

When excess acetyl CoA accumulates in the liver, a pathway called ________ is initiated.

The coenzyme(s)used in fatty acid synthesis is (are)

Most of the energy stored in the human body is in the form of

The source of energy for red blood cells is

Which metabolic substrate can be produced from the carbon atoms in the amino acid valine?

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