Question 1

The insertion of new DNA into the plasmid DNA of a bacterium produces

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes. 
B) recombinant DNA. 
C) viral DNA. 
D) restriction enzymes. 
E) DNA fingerprints. 
A) ribosomes. 
B) recombinant DNA. 
C) viral DNA. 
D) restriction enzymes. 
E) DNA fingerprints. B

Question 2

DNA fingerprinting uses ________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) restriction enzymes 
B) bacterial plasmids 
C) codons 
D) extracellular DNA 
E) anticodons 
A) restriction enzymes 
B) bacterial plasmids 
C) codons 
D) extracellular DNA 
E) anticodons A

Question 3

A tRNA is activated when it

Accepted Answer

A) leaves the ribosome. 
B) releases its specific amino acid. 
C) attaches to the ribosome. 
D) attaches to mRNA. 
E) attaches to its specific amino acid. 
A) leaves the ribosome. 
B) releases its specific amino acid. 
C) attaches to the ribosome. 
D) attaches to mRNA. 
E) attaches to its specific amino acid. E

Question 4

Which of the following types of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the cytosol for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) sRNA 
B) hRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA 
E) rRNA 
A) sRNA 
B) hRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA 
E) rRNA

Question 5

In transcription,

Accepted Answer

A) both strands of the DNA are copied. 
B) uracil pairs with thymine. 
C) a double helix containing one parent strand and one daughter strand is produced. 
D) the mRNA produced is complementary to the template strand of the DNA. 
E) the mRNA produced is identical to the parent DNA. 
A) both strands of the DNA are copied. 
B) uracil pairs with thymine. 
C) a double helix containing one parent strand and one daughter strand is produced. 
D) the mRNA produced is complementary to the template strand of the DNA. 
E) the mRNA produced is identical to the parent DNA.

Question 6

The codon is found on ________, and the anticodon is found on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) tRNA; mRNA 
B) ribosomes; tRNA 
C) mRNA; tRNA 
D) rRNA; tRNA 
E) mRNA; rRNA 
A) tRNA; mRNA 
B) ribosomes; tRNA 
C) mRNA; tRNA 
D) rRNA; tRNA 
E) mRNA; rRNA

Question 7

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) cell walls. 
D) plasmids. 
E) ribosomes. 
A) endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) cell walls. 
D) plasmids. 
E) ribosomes.

Question 8

When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called a

Accepted Answer

A) deletion mutation. 
B) translocation mutation. 
C) substitution mutation. 
D) viral mutation. 
E) retrovirus insertion. 
A) deletion mutation. 
B) translocation mutation. 
C) substitution mutation. 
D) viral mutation. 
E) retrovirus insertion.

Question 9

The base sequence of the strand of DNA complementary to the segment  
is

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 10

The anticodon is

Accepted Answer

A) complementary to the codon on tRNA. 
B) identical to the codon on mRNA. 
C) identical to the codon on DNA. 
D) complementary to the codon on mRNA. 
E) complementary to the codon on DNA. 
A) complementary to the codon on tRNA. 
B) identical to the codon on mRNA. 
C) identical to the codon on DNA. 
D) complementary to the codon on mRNA. 
E) complementary to the codon on DNA.

Question 11

Which of the following hold two strands of DNA in an a helix?

Accepted Answer

A) disulfide linkages 
B) ester linkages 
C) glycosidic linkages 
D) peptide bonds 
E) hydrogen bonds 
A) disulfide linkages 
B) ester linkages 
C) glycosidic linkages 
D) peptide bonds 
E) hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Codons are a series of three nucleotides in mRNA that

Accepted Answer

A) signal the start of RNA synthesis. 
B) signal the start of DNA synthesis. 
C) code for one or more bases in mRNA. 
D) code for amino acids. 
E) signal the end of DNA synthesis. 
A) signal the start of RNA synthesis. 
B) signal the start of DNA synthesis. 
C) code for one or more bases in mRNA. 
D) code for amino acids. 
E) signal the end of DNA synthesis.

Question 13

Guanine is one example of a nitrogen base that is a

Accepted Answer

A) pyrimidine. 
B) 5-carbon sugar. 
C) cofactor. 
D) purine. 
E) phosphodiester. 
A) pyrimidine. 
B) 5-carbon sugar. 
C) cofactor. 
D) purine. 
E) phosphodiester.

Question 14

Which of the following cannot be found in an RNA nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A) pyrimidine 
B) purine 
C) ribose 
D) deoxyribose 
E) phosphate 
A) pyrimidine 
B) purine 
C) ribose 
D) deoxyribose 
E) phosphate

Question 15

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing a base and a sugar.

Accepted Answer

A) base pair 
B) nucleotide 
C) complementary base 
D) pyrimidine 
E) nucleoside 
A) base pair 
B) nucleotide 
C) complementary base 
D) pyrimidine 
E) nucleoside

Question 16

A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a

Accepted Answer

A) recombinant DNA. 
B) retrovirus. 
C) vaccine. 
D) genetically engineered virus. 
E) bacteria. 
A) recombinant DNA. 
B) retrovirus. 
C) vaccine. 
D) genetically engineered virus. 
E) bacteria.

Question 17

Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) cytosine 
B) uracil 
C) thymine 
D) guanine 
E) deoxyribose 
A) cytosine 
B) uracil 
C) thymine 
D) guanine 
E) deoxyribose

Question 18

The result of a defective enzyme caused by a mutation in the DNA nucleotide sequence is

Accepted Answer

A) recombinant DNA. 
B) translocation. 
C) a genetic disease. 
D) HIV. 
E) AIDS. 
A) recombinant DNA. 
B) translocation. 
C) a genetic disease. 
D) HIV. 
E) AIDS.

Question 19

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds. 
B) hydrophobic bonds. 
C) peptide bonds. 
D) ester bonds. 
E) ionic bonds. 
A) hydrogen bonds. 
B) hydrophobic bonds. 
C) peptide bonds. 
D) ester bonds. 
E) ionic bonds.

Question 20

Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) guanine-uracil 
B) adenine-thymine 
C) adenine-uracil 
D) adenine-guanine 
E) cytosine-thymine 
A) guanine-uracil 
B) adenine-thymine 
C) adenine-uracil 
D) adenine-guanine 
E) cytosine-thymine

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

The insertion of new DNA into the plasmid DNA of a bacterium produces

DNA fingerprinting uses ________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

A tRNA is activated when it

Which of the following types of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the cytosol for protein synthesis?

In transcription,

The codon is found on ________, and the anticodon is found on ________.

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called a

The base sequence of the strand of DNA complementary to the segment is

The anticodon is

Which of the following hold two strands of DNA in an a helix?

Codons are a series of three nucleotides in mRNA that

Guanine is one example of a nitrogen base that is a

Which of the following cannot be found in an RNA nucleotide?

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing a base and a sugar.

A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a

Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?

The result of a defective enzyme caused by a mutation in the DNA nucleotide sequence is

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

Chemistry in Our Lives

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Filters

The codon is found on , and the anticodon is found on .