Exam 7: The Sun

The intensity of a sunspot is found to be 3 times smaller than the intensity emitted by the solar surface. What is the approximate temperature of this sunspot if the temperature of the solar surface is 5800 K?

Sunspots

A recent sunspot maximum occurred in 2001. What is the year of the sunspot maximum that immediately follows the 2001 maximum if the solar cycle continues?

____________ of hydrogen atom nuclei replace the heat the sun ____________ to keep it in equilibrium.

The chromosphere of the sun has a higher temperature than the photosphere.

Neutrinos are created in reactions in the ____ of the sun.

In the sun, rising currents of hot gas below the photosphere cause granulation.

The ____ coincides with the period known as the "little ice age" of Europe and North America. This provides one piece of evidence that suggests a link between solar activity and the amount of solar energy Earth receives.

High temperatures are required to get H nuclei to fuse because they ____ one another because of their ____ electric charges.

Sunspots often appear in pairs.

The gas motions within granules on the solar surface are

The figure shows the sun and pairs of sunspots. One could say that there is really a 22-year sunspot cycle because

The element most abundant in the sun is oxygen.

The energy emitted by the sun comes from chemical reactions.

Diagram 7-1 -Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the sun the smallest?

Granulation is caused by

The ____ is (are) the hot gases that are the moving extension of the sun's corona.

The sun creates its energy by the process of

The chromosphere of the sun

The study of the oscillations of the surface and interior of the sun is known as ____________________.