Question 1

_______________ is a technique for selecting small samples in a way that enhances their representativeness.

Accepted Answer

A) Dimensional sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Systematic sampling 
D) Convenience sampling 
A) Dimensional sampling 
B) Quota sampling 
C) Systematic sampling 
D) Convenience sampling A

Question 2

_______________ samples tend to have more sampling error than do _______________ samples.

Accepted Answer

A) Area...simple random. 
B) Area...availability. 
C) Stratified...simple random. 
D) Simple random...area. 
A) Area...simple random. 
B) Area...availability. 
C) Stratified...simple random. 
D) Simple random...area. A

Question 3

Sampling in which a person first samples among larger units and then takes samples of smaller units within those larger ones is called:

Accepted Answer

A) back stage sampling. 
B) proportionate sampling. 
C) simple random sampling. 
D) cluster sampling. 
A) back stage sampling. 
B) proportionate sampling. 
C) simple random sampling. 
D) cluster sampling. D

Question 4

Define stratified sampling and describe how it is done. Differentiate between proportionate or disproportionate stratified sampling and indicate the conditions that might make each most appropriate.

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling is a sampling method

Question 5

Which of the following would best describe a snowball sampling procedure

Accepted Answer

A) a psychologist studying single mothers uses those single mothers who are among her clients. 
B) a study of college students uses every 50th person on an alphabetical list of all college students at a university. 
C) a researcher asks substance abusers he knows to suggest the names of other substance abusers who might be willing to participate in the research. 
D) a sample of college students is selected from a list of all college students provided by the university. 
A) a psychologist studying single mothers uses those single mothers who are among her clients. 
B) a study of college students uses every 50th person on an alphabetical list of all college students at a university. 
C) a researcher asks substance abusers he knows to suggest the names of other substance abusers who might be willing to participate in the research. 
D) a sample of college students is selected from a list of all college students provided by the university.

Question 6

Which of the following are limitations of nonprobability samples

Accepted Answer

A) no real claim can be made that they represent a population. 
B) the degree of sampling error is unknown. 
C) the sampling fraction tends to be very large. 
D) no real claims can be made that they represent a population and the degree of sampling error is unknown. 
A) no real claim can be made that they represent a population. 
B) the degree of sampling error is unknown. 
C) the sampling fraction tends to be very large. 
D) no real claims can be made that they represent a population and the degree of sampling error is unknown.

Question 7

All possible cases of what a researcher is interested in studying would be called:

Accepted Answer

A) the sample. 
B) the sampling frame. 
C) the population. 
D) the aggregate. 
A) the sample. 
B) the sampling frame. 
C) the population. 
D) the aggregate.

Question 8

The more homogeneous a population is on the variables being studied:

Accepted Answer

A) the larger the sample size must be to be representative. 
B) the more one should use cluster sampling. 
C) the smaller the sample size needs be to be representative. 
D) the less necessary it is to use probability samples. 
A) the larger the sample size must be to be representative. 
B) the more one should use cluster sampling. 
C) the smaller the sample size needs be to be representative. 
D) the less necessary it is to use probability samples.

Question 9

The text suggests that racial and ethnic minorities sometimes have "rare event" status. This means that:

Accepted Answer

A) minorities constitute a relatively small percentage of some populations that are sampled. 
B) minorities refuse to participate in social science research studies at much higher rates than non-minorities. 
C) minorities typically show up in samples in disproportionately small numbers compared to their numbers in the population. 
D) minorities are less likely to show up in snowball samples than in probability samples. 
A) minorities constitute a relatively small percentage of some populations that are sampled. 
B) minorities refuse to participate in social science research studies at much higher rates than non-minorities. 
C) minorities typically show up in samples in disproportionately small numbers compared to their numbers in the population. 
D) minorities are less likely to show up in snowball samples than in probability samples.

Question 10

Both quota and stratified sampling involve dividing up the population into various categories before drawing the sample. Discuss the differences between these two types of sampling.

Accepted Answer

Quota sampling and stratified sampling a

Question 11

Describe the procedures followed in area (cluster)sampling. (You may use a diagram to illustrate your answer if you wish.)

Accepted Answer

Area (cluster) sampling is a method of s

Question 12

In sampling, the term "precision" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the number of variables used to establish quotas in quota sampling. 
B) the amount of sampling error contained in a given sample. 
C) the number of strata used when doing stratified sampling. 
D) the fraction of the population that is included in the sample. 
A) the number of variables used to establish quotas in quota sampling. 
B) the amount of sampling error contained in a given sample. 
C) the number of strata used when doing stratified sampling. 
D) the fraction of the population that is included in the sample.

Question 13

One of the drawbacks of snowball sampling is:

Accepted Answer

A) it is a very expensive form of sampling. 
B) the sampling error tends to be very large. 
C) it may miss people who are isolated from social networks. 
D) it leads to bias if the elements are listed in the sampling frame in a cyclical fashion. 
A) it is a very expensive form of sampling. 
B) the sampling error tends to be very large. 
C) it may miss people who are isolated from social networks. 
D) it leads to bias if the elements are listed in the sampling frame in a cyclical fashion.

Question 14

A sample in which we select every 15th element from a sampling frame is called:

Accepted Answer

A) a simple random sample. 
B) an area sample. 
C) a stratified sample. 
D) a systematic sample. 
A) a simple random sample. 
B) an area sample. 
C) a stratified sample. 
D) a systematic sample.

Question 15

If you were using a stratified sample in order to reduce sampling error, which variable would you probably stratify on

Accepted Answer

A) some variable other than the independent variable. 
B) the independent variable. 
C) the dependent variable. 
D) variables that are unrelated to the dependent variable. 
A) some variable other than the independent variable. 
B) the independent variable. 
C) the dependent variable. 
D) variables that are unrelated to the dependent variable.

Question 16

Which of the following sampling techniques would, in general, have the least sampling error

Accepted Answer

A) area sampling 
B) simple random sampling 
C) cluster sampling 
D) multistage sampling 
A) area sampling 
B) simple random sampling 
C) cluster sampling 
D) multistage sampling

Question 17

Select four of the nonprobability sampling techniques.Define and give an example of each one. Describe the advantages of each one in comparison to the others.

Accepted Answer

1. Convenience Sampling: Convenience sam

Question 18

Respondent-driven sampling is a variation on:

Accepted Answer

A) systematic sampling. 
B) convenience sampling. 
C) snowball sampling. 
D) dimensional sampling. 
A) systematic sampling. 
B) convenience sampling. 
C) snowball sampling. 
D) dimensional sampling.

Question 19

For which of the following groups would it probably be most difficult to develop an adequate sampling frame

Accepted Answer

A) recipients of public assistance. 
B) people suffering from mental disorders. 
C) current college students in the United States. 
D) Vietnam veterans. 
A) recipients of public assistance. 
B) people suffering from mental disorders. 
C) current college students in the United States. 
D) Vietnam veterans.

Question 20

The sampling mistakes discussed in the text involving the magazine Literary Digest occurred, at least in part, because:

Accepted Answer

A) the researchers had inadequate sampling frames. 
B) the researchers used probability samples rather than nonprobability samples. 
C) the samples used were too small for research purposes. 
D) the samples used were too large for research purposes. 
A) the researchers had inadequate sampling frames. 
B) the researchers used probability samples rather than nonprobability samples. 
C) the samples used were too small for research purposes. 
D) the samples used were too large for research purposes.

_______________ is a technique for selecting small samples in a way that enhances their representativeness.

_ samples tend to have more sampling error than do _ samples.

Sampling in which a person first samples among larger units and then takes samples of smaller units within those larger ones is called:

Define stratified sampling and describe how it is done. Differentiate between proportionate or disproportionate stratified sampling and indicate the conditions that might make each most appropriate.

Which of the following would best describe a snowball sampling procedure

Which of the following are limitations of nonprobability samples

All possible cases of what a researcher is interested in studying would be called:

The more homogeneous a population is on the variables being studied:

The text suggests that racial and ethnic minorities sometimes have "rare event" status. This means that:

Both quota and stratified sampling involve dividing up the population into various categories before drawing the sample. Discuss the differences between these two types of sampling.

Describe the procedures followed in area (cluster)sampling. (You may use a diagram to illustrate your answer if you wish.)

In sampling, the term "precision" refers to:

One of the drawbacks of snowball sampling is:

A sample in which we select every 15th element from a sampling frame is called:

If you were using a stratified sample in order to reduce sampling error, which variable would you probably stratify on

Which of the following sampling techniques would, in general, have the least sampling error

Select four of the nonprobability sampling techniques.Define and give an example of each one. Describe the advantages of each one in comparison to the others.

Respondent-driven sampling is a variation on:

For which of the following groups would it probably be most difficult to develop an adequate sampling frame

The sampling mistakes discussed in the text involving the magazine Literary Digest occurred, at least in part, because:

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

The Process of Measurement

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Experimental Research

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

Filters

Exam 6: Sampling

_______________ is a technique for selecting small samples in a way that enhances their representativeness.

_______________ samples tend to have more sampling error than do _______________ samples.

Sampling in which a person first samples among larger units and then takes samples of smaller units within those larger ones is called:

Define stratified sampling and describe how it is done. Differentiate between proportionate or disproportionate stratified sampling and indicate the conditions that might make each most appropriate.

Which of the following would best describe a snowball sampling procedure

Which of the following are limitations of nonprobability samples

All possible cases of what a researcher is interested in studying would be called:

The more homogeneous a population is on the variables being studied:

The text suggests that racial and ethnic minorities sometimes have "rare event" status. This means that:

Both quota and stratified sampling involve dividing up the population into various categories before drawing the sample. Discuss the differences between these two types of sampling.

Describe the procedures followed in area (cluster)sampling. (You may use a diagram to illustrate your answer if you wish.)

In sampling, the term "precision" refers to:

One of the drawbacks of snowball sampling is:

A sample in which we select every 15th element from a sampling frame is called:

If you were using a stratified sample in order to reduce sampling error, which variable would you probably stratify on

Which of the following sampling techniques would, in general, have the least sampling error

Select four of the nonprobability sampling techniques.Define and give an example of each one. Describe the advantages of each one in comparison to the others.

Respondent-driven sampling is a variation on:

For which of the following groups would it probably be most difficult to develop an adequate sampling frame

The sampling mistakes discussed in the text involving the magazine Literary Digest occurred, at least in part, because:

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

The Process of Measurement

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Experimental Research

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

Filters

_ samples tend to have more sampling error than do _ samples.