Question 1

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate
-cloning

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  protein. 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  protein.

Question 2

What is a benefit of introducing new genes into a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The plant's growth rate reduces. 
B)  The plant's genes mutate faster. 
C)  The plant's nutritional value to primary consumers improves. 
D)  The plant's reliance on photosynthesis reduces. 
A)  The plant's growth rate reduces. 
B)  The plant's genes mutate faster. 
C)  The plant's nutritional value to primary consumers improves. 
D)  The plant's reliance on photosynthesis reduces.

Question 3

Suppose that you generate cDNA libraries for the same cell line under different conditions. Also suppose that when you compare the libraries, you find that some cDNAs in one library are missing from the other library. What is the best explanation for this result?

Accepted Answer

A)  One of the cDNA libraries is really a genomic library. 
B)  There was an error in generating one of the cDNA libraries, and some of the sequences were not cloned properly. 
C)  Even the same cell type will change gene expression as conditions change. The difference in cDNAs tells which genes are expressed in each set of conditions. 
D)  The probe used in the Southern blot of the libraries must have been poorly constructed. 
A)  One of the cDNA libraries is really a genomic library. 
B)  There was an error in generating one of the cDNA libraries, and some of the sequences were not cloned properly. 
C)  Even the same cell type will change gene expression as conditions change. The difference in cDNAs tells which genes are expressed in each set of conditions. 
D)  The probe used in the Southern blot of the libraries must have been poorly constructed.

Question 4

How many sources of DNA sequences are commonly used in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 5

Genetically modified crops have been banned in Canada.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Suppose that you have cloned a genomic library and know that the bacteria have foreign DNA fragments inserted into the cloning vector. Also suppose that you need to identify the specific bacteria that have the gene coding for protein X. How can these bacteria be located?

Accepted Answer

A)  by restriction endonuclease treatment of DNA from some of the bacterial colonies 
B)  by DNA hybridization of the different colonies 
C)  by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the bacterial colonies 
D)  by PCR of the same bacterial mixture that was spread on agarose plates 
A)  by restriction endonuclease treatment of DNA from some of the bacterial colonies 
B)  by DNA hybridization of the different colonies 
C)  by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the bacterial colonies 
D)  by PCR of the same bacterial mixture that was spread on agarose plates

Question 7

Match each term with its definition.
-transgenic

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the purpose of creating transgenic mice?

Accepted Answer

A)  to study genetic changes in context 
B)  to produce proteins 
C)  to clone mice 
D)  to create antibiotic-resistant mice 
A)  to study genetic changes in context 
B)  to produce proteins 
C)  to clone mice 
D)  to create antibiotic-resistant mice

Question 9

Figure 14-1  
-According to Figure 14-1, which of the following is the difference between the original plasmid and the recombinant plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)  The original plasmid is not found in nature. 
B)  The original plasmid has foreign DNA in it. 
C)  Recombinant plasmid does not have foreign DNA in it. 
D)  Recombinant plasmid has foreign DNA in it. 
A)  The original plasmid is not found in nature. 
B)  The original plasmid has foreign DNA in it. 
C)  Recombinant plasmid does not have foreign DNA in it. 
D)  Recombinant plasmid has foreign DNA in it.

Question 10

How are the sticky ends obtained?

Accepted Answer

A)  by using a different restriction enzyme to cut both DNA fragment and the plasmid 
B)  by using the same restriction enzyme to cut both DNA fragment and the plasmid 
C)  by using a restriction enzyme to cut DNA fragment 
D)  by using a restriction enzyme to cut the plasmid 
A)  by using a different restriction enzyme to cut both DNA fragment and the plasmid 
B)  by using the same restriction enzyme to cut both DNA fragment and the plasmid 
C)  by using a restriction enzyme to cut DNA fragment 
D)  by using a restriction enzyme to cut the plasmid

Question 11

Match each term with its definition.
-systems biology

Accepted Answer

A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome 
A) uses DNA technologies to alter genes in a cell or organism 
B) branch of biology that tries to combine proteomics and genomics at an organismal level 
C) determination and analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the chromosomes in an organism 
D) products of a restriction endonuclease's action 
E) collection of clones that together contain every DNA sequence in a genome, including noncoding sequences
F)use of a short single stranded DNA sequence, labelled with some sort of tag, to bind to complementary DNA and thus identify it
G)collection of clones that together contain a DNA version of every mRNA sequence expressed in a particular cell type
H)procedure described as "a photocopy machine for specific DNA sequences"
I)DNA from two different sources that have been joined together into a single molecule
J)term used to describe organisms that have been subject to genetic engineering
K)study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome
L)study of the functions of genes and noncoding portions of the genome, including their interactions with each other
M)bacterial enzymes that recognize and cut specific DNA sequences
N)method of hybridizing labelled DNA to DNA fragments that were previously subjected to gel electrophoresis
O)technique used to separate DNA molecules based on their relative sizes
P)method of identifying individuals based on their individual patterns of short tandem repeats located on certain loci of their genome

Question 12

Which of the following is like a set of clones that collectively contains a copy of every DNA sequence in a genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  restriction enzyme library 
B)  cloning vector 
C)  genomic DNA library 
D)  cDNA library 
A)  restriction enzyme library 
B)  cloning vector 
C)  genomic DNA library 
D)  cDNA library

Question 13

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-This technique is used to amplify specific sequences of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR 
A) DNA library 
B) restriction enzyme 
C) gene cloning 
D) Southern blotting 
E) PCR

Question 14

Where is cloned DNA in bacteria usually found?

Accepted Answer

A)  on a virus 
B)  on the flagellum 
C)  on a plasmid 
D)  on the bacterial chromosome 
A)  on a virus 
B)  on the flagellum 
C)  on a plasmid 
D)  on the bacterial chromosome

Question 15

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate
-microarray

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  protein. 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  protein.

Question 16

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate
-proteomics

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  DNA. 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
D)  DNA.

Question 17

Which of the following is needed in order to amplify the DNA for gene X and NOT for gene Y?

Accepted Answer

A)  a heat-stable DNA polymerase 
B)  restriction endonucleases that cut gene X and not gene Y 
C)  plasmid vectors that have multiple antibiotic resistance genes 
D)  some prior knowledge of the sequence of gene X such that appropriate primers can be designed 
A)  a heat-stable DNA polymerase 
B)  restriction endonucleases that cut gene X and not gene Y 
C)  plasmid vectors that have multiple antibiotic resistance genes 
D)  some prior knowledge of the sequence of gene X such that appropriate primers can be designed

Question 18

What is the main difference between germ-line gene therapy and somatic gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only germ-line gene therapy will have results limited to the current generation. 
B)  Only somatic gene therapy can result in the modified genes being passed to the next generation. 
C)  Only germ-line gene therapy results in altered gametes. 
D)  Only the germ-line cells are altered in somatic gene therapy. 
A)  Only germ-line gene therapy will have results limited to the current generation. 
B)  Only somatic gene therapy can result in the modified genes being passed to the next generation. 
C)  Only germ-line gene therapy results in altered gametes. 
D)  Only the germ-line cells are altered in somatic gene therapy.

Question 19

Why is Southern blotting used?

Accepted Answer

A)  to identify samples with specific DNA sequences 
B)  to separate DNA based on size 
C)  to amplify a genomic region of interest 
D)  to transfer DNA samples to a special membrane or filter paper 
A)  to identify samples with specific DNA sequences 
B)  to separate DNA based on size 
C)  to amplify a genomic region of interest 
D)  to transfer DNA samples to a special membrane or filter paper

Question 20

Which of the following describes biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  any technique applied to dead organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose. 
B)  any technique applied to biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose 
C)  any technique applied to non-biological systems or dead organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose 
D)  any technique applied to non-biological systems to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose 
A)  any technique applied to dead organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose. 
B)  any technique applied to biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose 
C)  any technique applied to non-biological systems or dead organisms to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose 
D)  any technique applied to non-biological systems to make or modify products or processes for a specific purpose

Exam 14: Dna Technologies

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate -cloning

What is a benefit of introducing new genes into a plant?

Suppose that you generate cDNA libraries for the same cell line under different conditions. Also suppose that when you compare the libraries, you find that some cDNAs in one library are missing from the other library. What is the best explanation for this result?

How many sources of DNA sequences are commonly used in biotechnology?

Genetically modified crops have been banned in Canada.

Suppose that you have cloned a genomic library and know that the bacteria have foreign DNA fragments inserted into the cloning vector. Also suppose that you need to identify the specific bacteria that have the gene coding for protein X. How can these bacteria be located?

Match each term with its definition. -transgenic

Which of the following best describes the purpose of creating transgenic mice?

Figure 14-1 -According to Figure 14-1, which of the following is the difference between the original plasmid and the recombinant plasmid?

How are the sticky ends obtained?

Match each term with its definition. -systems biology

Which of the following is like a set of clones that collectively contains a copy of every DNA sequence in a genome?

Match the names of the processes to the descriptions. A process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -This technique is used to amplify specific sequences of DNA.

Where is cloned DNA in bacteria usually found?

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate -microarray

Match each term with the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulate -proteomics

Which of the following is needed in order to amplify the DNA for gene X and NOT for gene Y?

What is the main difference between germ-line gene therapy and somatic gene therapy?

Why is Southern blotting used?

Which of the following describes biotechnology?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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