Question 1

Figure 25.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label O.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lymphatic vessel 
B)  Submucosal gland 
C)  Muscularis mucosae 
D)  Villi 
E)  Circular muscle layer 
A)  Lymphatic vessel 
B)  Submucosal gland 
C)  Muscularis mucosae 
D)  Villi 
E)  Circular muscle layer

Question 2

Figure 25.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscularis mucosae 
B)  Lymphatic vessel 
C)  Villi 
D)  Circular muscle layer 
E)  Submucosal gland 
A)  Muscularis mucosae 
B)  Lymphatic vessel 
C)  Villi 
D)  Circular muscle layer 
E)  Submucosal gland

Question 3

Taste buds are innervated by which cranial nerves?

Accepted Answer

A)  N III, IV, V 
B)  N V, VI, VII 
C)  N VII, VIII, IX 
D)  N VII, IX, X 
E)  N VII, X, XII 
A)  N III, IV, V 
B)  N V, VI, VII 
C)  N VII, VIII, IX 
D)  N VII, IX, X 
E)  N VII, X, XII

Question 4

Aging may be detrimental to the function of the digestive tract because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the tone of the smooth musculature increases 
B)  the rate of epithelial stem cell division increases 
C)  the effects of cumulative damage become apparent 
D)  aged cells and tissues are more efficient at tissue repair 
E)  cancer rate decreases 
A)  the tone of the smooth musculature increases 
B)  the rate of epithelial stem cell division increases 
C)  the effects of cumulative damage become apparent 
D)  aged cells and tissues are more efficient at tissue repair 
E)  cancer rate decreases

Question 5

Which of the following is an intraperitoneal organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  abdominal aorta 
B)  stomach 
C)  ureter 
D)  pancreas 
E)  duodenum 
A)  abdominal aorta 
B)  stomach 
C)  ureter 
D)  pancreas 
E)  duodenum

Question 6

The liver is suspended from the inferior surface of the diaphragm by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  round ligament 
B)  falciform ligament 
C)  mesentery proper 
D)  ligamentum teres 
E)  coronary ligament 
A)  round ligament 
B)  falciform ligament 
C)  mesentery proper 
D)  ligamentum teres 
E)  coronary ligament

Question 7

Which feature provides protection for the interior surface of the stomach against the acids and enzymes in the gastric lumen?

Accepted Answer

A)  the shallow depressions called gastric pits 
B)  the carpet of mucus secreted by the columnar epithelium, which covers the luminal portions of the stomach 
C)  the rapid rate of mechanical mixing of the stomach contents, which exposes the lining to chyme for only a short time 
D)  the esophageal sphincter 
E)  chief cells of the deepest portions of a gastric gland 
A)  the shallow depressions called gastric pits 
B)  the carpet of mucus secreted by the columnar epithelium, which covers the luminal portions of the stomach 
C)  the rapid rate of mechanical mixing of the stomach contents, which exposes the lining to chyme for only a short time 
D)  the esophageal sphincter 
E)  chief cells of the deepest portions of a gastric gland

Question 8

The hardest biologically manufactured substance in the body is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bone 
B)  cementum 
C)  dentine 
D)  pulp 
E)  enamel 
A)  bone 
B)  cementum 
C)  dentine 
D)  pulp 
E)  enamel

Question 9

Which function is controlled by the short myenteric reflexes?

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation 
B)  nutrient absorption 
C)  hepatic portal system circulation 
D)  coordinating local peristalsis 
E)  CNS reflexes 
A)  segmentation 
B)  nutrient absorption 
C)  hepatic portal system circulation 
D)  coordinating local peristalsis 
E)  CNS reflexes

Question 10

Figure 25.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardia 
B)  Lesser curvature 
C)  Fundus 
D)  Pylorus 
E)  Body 
A)  Cardia 
B)  Lesser curvature 
C)  Fundus 
D)  Pylorus 
E)  Body

Question 11

Figure 25.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucosa 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Submucosa 
D)  Muscular layer 
E)  Circular folds 
A)  Mucosa 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Submucosa 
D)  Muscular layer 
E)  Circular folds

Question 12

The region of the stomach that is superior to the gastroesophageal junction is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardia 
B)  pylorus 
C)  fundus 
D)  greater curvature 
E)  body 
A)  cardia 
B)  pylorus 
C)  fundus 
D)  greater curvature 
E)  body

Question 13

During the late phase of the swallowing process, the approach of the bolus triggers the opening of the weak ________, and the bolus then continues into the stomach.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower esophageal sphincter 
B)  pyloric sphincter 
C)  pharyngeal constrictor 
D)  glottis 
E)  ileocecal valve 
A)  lower esophageal sphincter 
B)  pyloric sphincter 
C)  pharyngeal constrictor 
D)  glottis 
E)  ileocecal valve

Question 14

Figure 25.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label M.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rugae 
B)  Circular folds 
C)  Serosa 
D)  Pyloric sphincter 
E)  Villi 
A)  Rugae 
B)  Circular folds 
C)  Serosa 
D)  Pyloric sphincter 
E)  Villi

Question 15

At the right colic flexure, the ________ curves anteriorly and crosses the abdomen from right to left.

Accepted Answer

A)  descending colon 
B)  cecum 
C)  transverse colon 
D)  sigmoid colon 
E)  ascending colon 
A)  descending colon 
B)  cecum 
C)  transverse colon 
D)  sigmoid colon 
E)  ascending colon

Question 16

The muscular layer of the large intestine differs from that of other intestinal regions because the longitudinal layer has been reduced to the thin muscular bands of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  omental appendices 
B)  haustra 
C)  rugae 
D)  teniae coli 
E)  circular folds 
A)  omental appendices 
B)  haustra 
C)  rugae 
D)  teniae coli 
E)  circular folds

Question 17

About 70 percent of the saliva originates in the ________ salivary glands.

Accepted Answer

A)  parotid 
B)  submandibular 
C)  sublingual 
D)  pharyngeal 
E)  palatine 
A)  parotid 
B)  submandibular 
C)  sublingual 
D)  pharyngeal 
E)  palatine

Question 18

The correct order of the digestive tube layers, from lumen outward, is:
(1)mucosa
(2)muscular layer
(3)serosa
(4)submucosa

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 1, 2, 4 
B)  4, 1, 2, 3 
C)  4, 2, 3, 1 
D)  1, 4, 2, 3 
E)  1, 4, 3, 2 
A)  3, 1, 2, 4 
B)  4, 1, 2, 3 
C)  4, 2, 3, 1 
D)  1, 4, 2, 3 
E)  1, 4, 3, 2

Question 19

Figure 25.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label I.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardia 
B)  Lesser curvature 
C)  Body 
D)  Fundus 
E)  Pylorus 
A)  Cardia 
B)  Lesser curvature 
C)  Body 
D)  Fundus 
E)  Pylorus

Question 20

The arrival of food in the stomach stimulates chemoreceptors in which layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  submucosa 
B)  adventitia 
C)  serosa 
D)  muscular layer 
E)  mucosa 
A)  submucosa 
B)  adventitia 
C)  serosa 
D)  muscular layer 
E)  mucosa

Exam 25: The Digestive System

Figure 25.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label O.

Figure 25.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Taste buds are innervated by which cranial nerves?

Aging may be detrimental to the function of the digestive tract because ________.

Which of the following is an intraperitoneal organ?

The liver is suspended from the inferior surface of the diaphragm by the ________.

Which feature provides protection for the interior surface of the stomach against the acids and enzymes in the gastric lumen?

The hardest biologically manufactured substance in the body is ________.

Which function is controlled by the short myenteric reflexes?

Figure 25.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Figure 25.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

The region of the stomach that is superior to the gastroesophageal junction is the ________.

During the late phase of the swallowing process, the approach of the bolus triggers the opening of the weak ________, and the bolus then continues into the stomach.

Figure 25.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label M.

At the right colic flexure, the ________ curves anteriorly and crosses the abdomen from right to left.

The muscular layer of the large intestine differs from that of other intestinal regions because the longitudinal layer has been reduced to the thin muscular bands of the ________.

About 70 percent of the saliva originates in the ________ salivary glands.

The correct order of the digestive tube layers, from lumen outward, is: (1)mucosa (2)muscular layer (3)serosa (4)submucosa

Figure 25.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label I.

The arrival of food in the stomach stimulates chemoreceptors in which layer?

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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