Question 1

Why does diffusion across the respiratory membrane proceed very rapidly?

Accepted Answer

A)  because the gases are lipid-soluble 
B)  because the distance across the respiratory membrane is short 
C)  because the basement membrane of the alveolar epithelium is fused with the adjacent capillaries 
D)  because the the surface area of the blood-air barrier is large 
E)  All answer choices are correct. 
A)  because the gases are lipid-soluble 
B)  because the distance across the respiratory membrane is short 
C)  because the basement membrane of the alveolar epithelium is fused with the adjacent capillaries 
D)  because the the surface area of the blood-air barrier is large 
E)  All answer choices are correct.

Question 2

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are elastic cartilages?

Accepted Answer

A)  cuneiform cartilages 
B)  arytenoid cartilages 
C)  cricoid cartilages 
D)  thyroid cartilage 
E)  corniculate cartilages 
A)  cuneiform cartilages 
B)  arytenoid cartilages 
C)  cricoid cartilages 
D)  thyroid cartilage 
E)  corniculate cartilages

Question 3

A seventy-five-year-old smoker goes to his doctor complaining of shortness of breath and a chronic cough. He is relieved to discover that he does not have cancer; but he has been diagnosed with emphysema. What anatomical changes occur in the lungs of a person with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema is a chronic, progressive cond

Question 4

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label G.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
B)  Palatine tonsil 
C)  Epiglottis 
D)  Oropharynx 
E)  Ary-epiglottic fold 
A)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
B)  Palatine tonsil 
C)  Epiglottis 
D)  Oropharynx 
E)  Ary-epiglottic fold

Question 5

Which hormone is involved with the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  angiotensin II 
B)  renin 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  hydrolase 
E)  vasopressin 
A)  angiotensin II 
B)  renin 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  hydrolase 
E)  vasopressin

Question 6

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label D.

Accepted Answer

A)  Palatine tonsil 
B)  Epiglottis 
C)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
D)  Ary-epiglottic fold 
E)  Oropharynx 
A)  Palatine tonsil 
B)  Epiglottis 
C)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
D)  Ary-epiglottic fold 
E)  Oropharynx

Question 7

Figure 24.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label A.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior bronchopulmonary segment 
B)  Medial bronchopulmonary segment 
C)  Posterior bronchopulmonary segment 
D)  Apical bronchopulmonary segment 
E)  Lateral basal bronchopulmonary segment 
A)  Anterior bronchopulmonary segment 
B)  Medial bronchopulmonary segment 
C)  Posterior bronchopulmonary segment 
D)  Apical bronchopulmonary segment 
E)  Lateral basal bronchopulmonary segment

Question 8

The lining of the trachea consists of respiratory epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue called the lamina propria, which separates the respiratory epithelium from underlying cartilages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oropharynx 
B)  Ary-epiglottic fold 
C)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
D)  Epiglottis 
E)  Palatine tonsil 
A)  Oropharynx 
B)  Ary-epiglottic fold 
C)  Pharyngeal tonsil 
D)  Epiglottis 
E)  Palatine tonsil

Question 10

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label CC.

Accepted Answer

A)  Superior nasal concha 
B)  Epiglottis 
C)  Inferior nasal concha 
D)  Frontal sinus 
E)  Middle nasal concha 
A)  Superior nasal concha 
B)  Epiglottis 
C)  Inferior nasal concha 
D)  Frontal sinus 
E)  Middle nasal concha

Question 11

The left main bronchus divides into how many lobar bronchi?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  three 
E)  two 
A)  one 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  three 
E)  two

Question 12

Filtration, warming, and humidification of inhaled air occur throughout the conducting portion of the respiratory system, but the greatest changes occur within (the)________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nasal cavity 
B)  oral cavity 
C)  pharynx 
D)  carina 
E)  larynx 
A)  nasal cavity 
B)  oral cavity 
C)  pharynx 
D)  carina 
E)  larynx

Question 13

Regarding respiratory changes at birth, changes in blood flow that occur lead to the closure of the ________, the embryonic interatrial connection.

Accepted Answer

A)  ductus venosus 
B)  foramen ovale 
C)  ligamentum arteriosum 
D)  foramen magnum 
E)  internal acoustic meatus 
A)  ductus venosus 
B)  foramen ovale 
C)  ligamentum arteriosum 
D)  foramen magnum 
E)  internal acoustic meatus

Question 14

The typical cell making up the alveolar wall is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  type II alveolar cell 
B)  type I alveolar cell 
C)  alveolar macrophages 
D)  capillary endothelial cell 
E)  simple columnar cell 
A)  type II alveolar cell 
B)  type I alveolar cell 
C)  alveolar macrophages 
D)  capillary endothelial cell 
E)  simple columnar cell

Question 15

The connective tissues of the interlobular septa are continuous with which structure(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  visceral pericardium 
B)  visceral pleura 
C)  parietal pericardium 
D)  parietal pleura 
E)  hilum 
A)  visceral pericardium 
B)  visceral pleura 
C)  parietal pericardium 
D)  parietal pleura 
E)  hilum

Question 16

Figure 24.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label X.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior bronchopulmonary segment 
B)  Superior lingular bronchopulmonary segment 
C)  Medial basal bronchopulmonary segment 
D)  Inferior lingular bronchopulmonary segment 
E)  Apicoposterior bronchopulmonary segment 
A)  Anterior bronchopulmonary segment 
B)  Superior lingular bronchopulmonary segment 
C)  Medial basal bronchopulmonary segment 
D)  Inferior lingular bronchopulmonary segment 
E)  Apicoposterior bronchopulmonary segment

Question 17

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Accepted Answer

A)  Laryngopharynx 
B)  Oropharynx 
C)  Nasal cavity 
D)  Nasopharynx 
E)  Glottis 
A)  Laryngopharynx 
B)  Oropharynx 
C)  Nasal cavity 
D)  Nasopharynx 
E)  Glottis

Question 18

The respiratory membrane consists of all elements, except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary endothelium 
B)  fused basement membranes 
C)  type I cell 
D)  type II cell 
E)  All of these elements are part of the respiratory membrane. 
A)  capillary endothelium 
B)  fused basement membranes 
C)  type I cell 
D)  type II cell 
E)  All of these elements are part of the respiratory membrane.

Question 19

Each lung consists of approximately how many alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 
B)  one billion 
C)  500,000 
D)  150 million 
E)  100 billion 
A)  100,000 
B)  one billion 
C)  500,000 
D)  150 million 
E)  100 billion

Question 20

Figure 24.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label L.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid cartilage 
B)  Glottis 
C)  Cricoid cartilage 
D)  Nasal vestibule 
E)  Hyoid bone 
A)  Thyroid cartilage 
B)  Glottis 
C)  Cricoid cartilage 
D)  Nasal vestibule 
E)  Hyoid bone

Exam 24: The Respiratory System

Why does diffusion across the respiratory membrane proceed very rapidly?

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are elastic cartilages?

A seventy-five-year-old smoker goes to his doctor complaining of shortness of breath and a chronic cough. He is relieved to discover that he does not have cancer; but he has been diagnosed with emphysema. What anatomical changes occur in the lungs of a person with this condition?

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label G.

Which hormone is involved with the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure?

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label D.

Figure 24.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label A.

The lining of the trachea consists of respiratory epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue called the lamina propria, which separates the respiratory epithelium from underlying cartilages.

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label CC.

The left main bronchus divides into how many lobar bronchi?

Filtration, warming, and humidification of inhaled air occur throughout the conducting portion of the respiratory system, but the greatest changes occur within (the)________.

Regarding respiratory changes at birth, changes in blood flow that occur lead to the closure of the ________, the embryonic interatrial connection.

The typical cell making up the alveolar wall is the ________.

The connective tissues of the interlobular septa are continuous with which structure(s) ?

Figure 24.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label X.

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

The respiratory membrane consists of all elements, except ________.

Each lung consists of approximately how many alveoli?

Figure 24.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label L.

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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