Exam 6: States of Consciousness

Psychologists define the moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environments as

Oral doses of melatonin are used to

You are attending a demonstration in which a hypnotist tries to hypnotize volunteers from the audience. After using a hypnotic induction, 9 out of 10 volunteers appear to be in some kind of altered state. He then tells them he wants to reward them for volunteering in his show and says he's going to leave them with the gift of superior memory and that they'll be able to memorize things more easily from this point on in their lives if they just 'believe in themselves'. What long-term effect(s) on memory are the volunteers likely to experience resultant from participating in the show?

Research has shown that when people are awoken during non-REM sleep they report experiencing a dream between 15 and 50 percent of the time.

Some of the basic characteristics of consciousness are that it is subjective, private, and dynamic.

According to _______________ theory, dreams are not constrained by reality, they can help us find creative solutions to our problems and ongoing concerns.

You have just experienced a bizarre dream about a cat, a teapot, and an unusually large elephant. From an activation-synthesis perspective, this dream was likely generated by _______________.

The body is relaxed and people are usually hard to awaken during slow-wave sleep or ____________ sleep.

Psychologists that believe that there is a technique that creates a division of consciousness where a hypnotized individual experiences two simultaneous streams of consciousness that are separate from one another adhere to the ______________ of hypnosis.

Research indicating that when 3- and 4-year-old children are awoken during REM sleep they typically do not report any dream content, while 8- and 9-year-old children do, is most consistent with

Opiates such as morphine and codeine both contain molecules that are similar to endorphins, the body's natural painkillers. Opiates and morphine bind to receptor sites that are keyed to endorphins and trigger pain-reducing responses. Given these characteristics, both codeine and morphine would be classified as

Automatic processing involves the voluntary use of attention and conscious effort.

According to the Freudian and activation-synthesis theories, why do we dream?

The active ingredient in the marijuana plant is

The "shortsightedness" that people intoxicated by alcohol can display has been termed

In what sense is hypnotic behaviour "involuntary"? Does hypnosis have a unique power to coerce people against their will?

Which of the following is most consistent with the cognitive-process theory of dreaming?

Most depressant drugs work by promoting the effects of GABA?

Freud's psychoanalytic perspective would suggest that the main purpose of dreaming is _______________.

A drug that increases the activity of a neurotransmitter is called an ________________.