Exam 6: States of Consciousness

Any drug or medication that decreases the action of a neurotransmitter is called a(n)

When flying, jet lag problems are usually less when we are flying to the _________ because this ___________ of the day is presumably more compatible with our free-running circadian cycle.

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier? It _______________.

Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome for someone with REM sleep behaviour disorder?

Research has found that hypnosis is not a reliable way to enhance memory and that hypnotized participants typically remember information _________ nonhypnotized participants who are asked to use imagery or other memory tricks to facilitate recall.

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant?

One reason that night shiftwork has a detrimental effect on circadian rhythms is that

How do the brain and environment regulate circadian rhythms?

While studying for exams, Sara starts drinking sodas with caffeine in them in order to better stay awake. After continuing this practice for several months, Sara notices that she needs to consume more caffeine to achieve the same effect. This decrease in her response to caffeine is best viewed as an example of

You have studied a fair amount for an important test tomorrow but are considering pulling an all-nighter so that you can really be prepared. According to the research on sleep deprivation, the best thing to do would be to ____________ since students who stay up all night studying have been found to ___________ on cognitive tasks.

Some tribal cultures have relied on hallucinogens to communicate with spirits and ancestors. Which of the following is true?

If an individual was unable to regulate the circadian rhythms, you might suspect a deficiency in levels of

An individual shows up to the hospital emergency room. They are experiencing hallucinations, but there is no history of schizophrenia. You know that they have taken some kind of drug and suspect amphetamine psychosis. What can you look for to support your belief?

Opiates bind to and _____________ receptor sites that are usually activated by ___________.

Barbara is very upset when she sees Peter. But at first, she doesn't know why she got upset. Later, when Peter is telling a joke at lunch, Barbara remembers how much he had embarrassed her telling crude jokes to her parents at an elegant restaurant. According to Freud's three levels of consciousness, the reason Barbara was upset with Peter had been in her _____________ mind until it moved to her ___________ mind.

Melek's sister has developed schizophrenia. Her psychiatrist explains that positive symptoms, which include hallucinations and delusions, are associated with overactivity of the dopamine system. The psychiatrist prescribes an antipsychotic, which will block the activity of dopamine. This means that the antipsychotic is a/an

According to __________ theory, dreams do not serve any particular function.

Describe the psychoanalytic perspective of consciousness and dreaming. What kinds of evidence support Sigmund Freud's general contention that nonconscious processes can affect behaviour?

According to a model of the mind, consciousness arises from the integrated activities of various information-processing subsystems or networks that are responsible for such tasks as memory, problem solving, and emotion. This is the ________ model of the mind.

Which of the following ways to operationalize consciousness is not commonly used by researchers?