Question 1

The idea of universal and inalienable human rights that are superior to the laws and ethics of any one culture can conflict with some of the ideas central to cultural relativism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Practice theory recognizes that the study of anthropology takes a lot of practice before resulting in accurate descriptions of a culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Only people living in the industrialized, capitalist countries of Europe and the United States are ethnocentric.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive. It is maladaptive when

Accepted Answer

A)  it threatens the core values of a culture that guarantee its integration. 
B)  it exhibits cultural traits that are not shared with the majority of the group. 
C)  cultural traits, patterns, and inventions disrupt the world economy, causing international discontent. 
D)  cultural traits, patterns, and inventions threaten the group's continued survival and reproduction and thus its very existence. 
E)  cultural traits diminish the survival of particular individuals but not others. 
A)  it threatens the core values of a culture that guarantee its integration. 
B)  it exhibits cultural traits that are not shared with the majority of the group. 
C)  cultural traits, patterns, and inventions disrupt the world economy, causing international discontent. 
D)  cultural traits, patterns, and inventions threaten the group's continued survival and reproduction and thus its very existence. 
E)  cultural traits diminish the survival of particular individuals but not others.

Question 5

Something verbal or nonverbal that stands for something else is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  transmitter. 
B)  symbol. 
C)  substitute. 
D)  talisman. 
E)  taboo. 
A)  transmitter. 
B)  symbol. 
C)  substitute. 
D)  talisman. 
E)  taboo.

Question 6

Although rap music originated in the United States, it is now popular all over the world. Which of the following mechanisms of cultural change is responsible for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  enculturation 
B)  acculturation 
C)  diffusion 
D)  colonization 
E)  independent invention 
A)  enculturation 
B)  acculturation 
C)  diffusion 
D)  colonization 
E)  independent invention

Question 7

What does it mean to say that humans use culture instrumentally?

Accepted Answer

A)  Culture is instrumental in the creation of societies. 
B)  People use culture to advance civilization. 
C)  People use culture to fulfill their basic biological needs for food, drink, shelter, comfort, and reproduction. 
D)  Culture is a human construct. 
E)  People use culture to develop artistic endeavors, including musical instruments and visual arts. 
A)  Culture is instrumental in the creation of societies. 
B)  People use culture to advance civilization. 
C)  People use culture to fulfill their basic biological needs for food, drink, shelter, comfort, and reproduction. 
D)  Culture is a human construct. 
E)  People use culture to develop artistic endeavors, including musical instruments and visual arts.

Question 8

Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The tendency to view one's own culture as superior and to use one's own standards and values in judging others is called

Accepted Answer

A)  moral relativism. 
B)  patriotism. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  cultural relativism. 
E)  illiteracy. 
A)  moral relativism. 
B)  patriotism. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  cultural relativism. 
E)  illiteracy.

Question 10

Which of the following LEAST explains the existence of cultural generalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  trade 
B)  cultural borrowing 
C)  colonialism 
D)  globalization 
E)  isolationism 
A)  trade 
B)  cultural borrowing 
C)  colonialism 
D)  globalization 
E)  isolationism

Question 11

Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Hunting is a distinctive human activity not shared with the apes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Anthropology is characterized by a methodological rather than moral relativism; in order to understand another culture fully, anthropologists try to understand its members' beliefs and motivations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is a mechanism of cultural change?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion 
B)  generational enculturation 
C)  particularity 
D)  cultural relativism 
E)  ethnocentrism 
A)  diffusion 
B)  generational enculturation 
C)  particularity 
D)  cultural relativism 
E)  ethnocentrism

Question 15

Which of the following statements about enculturation is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations. 
B)  It results in internalization of a cultural tradition. 
C)  It occurs through a process of conscious and unconscious learning. 
D)  It is the exchange of cultural features that results when two or more groups come into consistent firsthand contact. 
E)  It may involve direct teaching. 
A)  It is the process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations. 
B)  It results in internalization of a cultural tradition. 
C)  It occurs through a process of conscious and unconscious learning. 
D)  It is the exchange of cultural features that results when two or more groups come into consistent firsthand contact. 
E)  It may involve direct teaching.

Question 16

Regarding human capacity for culture, anthropologists agree that

Accepted Answer

A)  although an individual's genetic endowment does not affect that person's ability to learn cultural traditions, it does affect his or her capacity to change culture creatively. 
B)  both mental abilities and mental disabilities are evenly distributed among individuals of all cultures. 
C)  because human populations differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, the ability to learn culture differs among societies. 
D)  although individuals differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all human populations have equivalent capacities for culture. 
E)  although women and men both share the emotional and intellectual capacities for culture, at the population level there is less variability in these capacities among men than among women. 
A)  although an individual's genetic endowment does not affect that person's ability to learn cultural traditions, it does affect his or her capacity to change culture creatively. 
B)  both mental abilities and mental disabilities are evenly distributed among individuals of all cultures. 
C)  because human populations differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, the ability to learn culture differs among societies. 
D)  although individuals differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all human populations have equivalent capacities for culture. 
E)  although women and men both share the emotional and intellectual capacities for culture, at the population level there is less variability in these capacities among men than among women.

Question 17

Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How are cultural rights different from human rights?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United Nations protects human rights but not cultural rights. 
B)  The term cultural rights is a politically correct synonym for human rights. 
C)  Cultural rights are more clear-cut than human rights. 
D)  Human rights are real, whereas cultural rights are just perceived. 
E)  Cultural rights are vested in groups, not in individuals. 
A)  The United Nations protects human rights but not cultural rights. 
B)  The term cultural rights is a politically correct synonym for human rights. 
C)  Cultural rights are more clear-cut than human rights. 
D)  Human rights are real, whereas cultural rights are just perceived. 
E)  Cultural rights are vested in groups, not in individuals.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about subcultures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may originate in ethnicity, class, region, or religion. 
B)  They are mutually exclusive; individuals may not participate in more than one subculture. 
C)  They exemplify "levels of culture." 
D)  They have different learning experiences. 
E)  They have shared learning experiences. 
A)  They may originate in ethnicity, class, region, or religion. 
B)  They are mutually exclusive; individuals may not participate in more than one subculture. 
C)  They exemplify "levels of culture." 
D)  They have different learning experiences. 
E)  They have shared learning experiences.

Question 20

There are two meanings of globalization: globalization as fact and process, and globalization as ideology and contested policy. What is the primary and neutral meaning of globalization as it is applicable to anthropology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the efforts by international financial powers to create a global free market for goods and services 
B)  opposition to global free trade 
C)  promotion of the interests of multinational corporations at the expense of farmers and workers 
D)  the impact of the world on the rest of the universe 
E)  the spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world 
A)  the efforts by international financial powers to create a global free market for goods and services 
B)  opposition to global free trade 
C)  promotion of the interests of multinational corporations at the expense of farmers and workers 
D)  the impact of the world on the rest of the universe 
E)  the spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world

The idea of universal and inalienable human rights that are superior to the laws and ethics of any one culture can conflict with some of the ideas central to cultural relativism.

Practice theory recognizes that the study of anthropology takes a lot of practice before resulting in accurate descriptions of a culture.

Only people living in the industrialized, capitalist countries of Europe and the United States are ethnocentric.

Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive. It is maladaptive when

Something verbal or nonverbal that stands for something else is known as a

Although rap music originated in the United States, it is now popular all over the world. Which of the following mechanisms of cultural change is responsible for this?

What does it mean to say that humans use culture instrumentally?

Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem.

The tendency to view one's own culture as superior and to use one's own standards and values in judging others is called

Which of the following LEAST explains the existence of cultural generalities?

Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions.

Hunting is a distinctive human activity not shared with the apes.

Anthropology is characterized by a methodological rather than moral relativism; in order to understand another culture fully, anthropologists try to understand its members' beliefs and motivations.

Which of the following is a mechanism of cultural change?

Which of the following statements about enculturation is FALSE?

Regarding human capacity for culture, anthropologists agree that

Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.

How are cultural rights different from human rights?

Which of the following statements about subcultures is FALSE?

There are two meanings of globalization: globalization as fact and process, and globalization as ideology and contested policy. What is the primary and neutral meaning of globalization as it is applicable to anthropology?

What Is Anthropology

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 2: Culture

The idea of universal and inalienable human rights that are superior to the laws and ethics of any one culture can conflict with some of the ideas central to cultural relativism.

Practice theory recognizes that the study of anthropology takes a lot of practice before resulting in accurate descriptions of a culture.

Only people living in the industrialized, capitalist countries of Europe and the United States are ethnocentric.

Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive. It is maladaptive when

Something verbal or nonverbal that stands for something else is known as a

Although rap music originated in the United States, it is now popular all over the world. Which of the following mechanisms of cultural change is responsible for this?

What does it mean to say that humans use culture instrumentally?

Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem.

The tendency to view one's own culture as superior and to use one's own standards and values in judging others is called

Which of the following LEAST explains the existence of cultural generalities?

Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions.

Hunting is a distinctive human activity not shared with the apes.

Anthropology is characterized by a methodological rather than moral relativism; in order to understand another culture fully, anthropologists try to understand its members' beliefs and motivations.

Which of the following is a mechanism of cultural change?

Which of the following statements about enculturation is FALSE?

Regarding human capacity for culture, anthropologists agree that

Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.

How are cultural rights different from human rights?

Which of the following statements about subcultures is FALSE?

There are two meanings of globalization: globalization as fact and process, and globalization as ideology and contested policy. What is the primary and neutral meaning of globalization as it is applicable to anthropology?

What Is Anthropology

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters