Question 1

To what primate suborder do tarsiers belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prosimian 
B)  Haplorrhini 
C)  Orthograde 
D)  Prehensile 
E)  Strepsirrhini 
A)  Prosimian 
B)  Haplorrhini 
C)  Orthograde 
D)  Prehensile 
E)  Strepsirrhini

Question 2

Which of the following is/are shared by all anthropoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  stereoscopic vision 
B)  bipedalism; and one offspring born at a time 
C)  a decrease in the size of canines and an increase in the size of molars 
D)  prehensile tails 
E)  the ability to knuckle-walk and carry tools 
A)  stereoscopic vision 
B)  bipedalism; and one offspring born at a time 
C)  a decrease in the size of canines and an increase in the size of molars 
D)  prehensile tails 
E)  the ability to knuckle-walk and carry tools

Question 3

A tiny complete skeleton found recently in China supports the view that

Accepted Answer

A)  the first primates evolved in Asia. 
B)  Asian primates were the first primates to live in the Paleozoic. 
C)  the specimens previously thought to be primates from Europe and North Africa were actually mislabeled. 
D)  larger primates lived only in Europe. 
E)  our earliest ancestors were nocturnal, like Asian tarsiers. 
A)  the first primates evolved in Asia. 
B)  Asian primates were the first primates to live in the Paleozoic. 
C)  the specimens previously thought to be primates from Europe and North Africa were actually mislabeled. 
D)  larger primates lived only in Europe. 
E)  our earliest ancestors were nocturnal, like Asian tarsiers.

Question 4

When scientists use the word hominid today, they mean pretty much the same thing as when they used this word 20 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Platyrrhines are New World monkeys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the general primate adaptations discussed in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  aquatic lifestyle 
B)  small litter size 
C)  stereoscopic vision 
D)  five-fingered hands 
E)  relatively large brain size 
A)  aquatic lifestyle 
B)  small litter size 
C)  stereoscopic vision 
D)  five-fingered hands 
E)  relatively large brain size

Question 7

Arboreal primates tend to be smaller and more agile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most New World monkeys have a tendency to use an orthograde posture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Common ancestry isn't the only reason for similarities between species. Similar traits can also arise if species experience similar selective forces and adapt to them in similar ways. This process is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  homology. 
B)  molecular convergence. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  genetic evolution. 
E)  gene flow. 
A)  homology. 
B)  molecular convergence. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  genetic evolution. 
E)  gene flow.

Question 10

Ancient anthropoids began to have fewer offspring that required longer and more attentive care. What did this select for?

Accepted Answer

A)  a greater reliance on nuts and tubers 
B)  pair bonding, which resembles the nuclear family, among 90 percent of present-day anthropoids 
C)  increased reliance on life in trees, which protected the young from predators 
D)  a greater capacity for brachiation 
E)  increased social complexity 
A)  a greater reliance on nuts and tubers 
B)  pair bonding, which resembles the nuclear family, among 90 percent of present-day anthropoids 
C)  increased reliance on life in trees, which protected the young from predators 
D)  a greater capacity for brachiation 
E)  increased social complexity

Question 11

Primates evolved along with the expansion of flowering plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What helped create an ecological niche that enabled primates to spread and diversify?

Accepted Answer

A)  spread of flowering plants 
B)  separation of the primate suborders 
C)  long period of global cooling 
D)  spread of grasslands 
E)  extinction of primate predators 
A)  spread of flowering plants 
B)  separation of the primate suborders 
C)  long period of global cooling 
D)  spread of grasslands 
E)  extinction of primate predators

Question 13

Sexual dimorphism tends to be more pronounced in terrestrial primate species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What species do some think coexisted with Homo erectus in Asia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Afropithecus 
B)  Dryopithecus 
C)  Pierolapithecus 
D)  Gigantopithecus 
E)  Sivapithecus 
A)  Afropithecus 
B)  Dryopithecus 
C)  Pierolapithecus 
D)  Gigantopithecus 
E)  Sivapithecus

Question 15

The study of terrestrial primates and the great apes is of particular relevance to anthropologists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Based on scientific theories of evolution, humans are not descended from gorillas or chimps. Rather,

Accepted Answer

A)  it is the other way around: gorillas and chimps are descended from humans. 
B)  they are descended from gorillas. 
C)  humans and African apes share a common ancestor. 
D)  they are descended from chimps. 
E)  humans are descended from Adam and Eve. 
A)  it is the other way around: gorillas and chimps are descended from humans. 
B)  they are descended from gorillas. 
C)  humans and African apes share a common ancestor. 
D)  they are descended from chimps. 
E)  humans are descended from Adam and Eve.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about orangutans is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  As is typical of arboreal species, the orangutan exhibits little sexual dimorphism. 
B)  Orangutans used to live over much of Asia but now are found only on two islands in Indonesia. 
C)  The large size of the orangutan protects it from extinction. 
D)  Orangutans are less arboreal than gorillas. 
E)  Orangutans are the most sociable primates. 
A)  As is typical of arboreal species, the orangutan exhibits little sexual dimorphism. 
B)  Orangutans used to live over much of Asia but now are found only on two islands in Indonesia. 
C)  The large size of the orangutan protects it from extinction. 
D)  Orangutans are less arboreal than gorillas. 
E)  Orangutans are the most sociable primates.

Question 18

Which of the following are most closely related to chimpanzees?

Accepted Answer

A)  lemurs 
B)  orangutans 
C)  humans 
D)  gibbons 
E)  siamangs 
A)  lemurs 
B)  orangutans 
C)  humans 
D)  gibbons 
E)  siamangs

Question 19

New World monkeys are the only anthropoids that

Accepted Answer

A)  are capable of brachiation. 
B)  have rough patches of skin on the buttocks. 
C)  have orthograde postures. 
D)  have prehensile tails. 
E)  exhibit sexual dimorphism. 
A)  are capable of brachiation. 
B)  have rough patches of skin on the buttocks. 
C)  have orthograde postures. 
D)  have prehensile tails. 
E)  exhibit sexual dimorphism.

Question 20

Opposable thumbs evolved as early primates adapted to terrestrial life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

To what primate suborder do tarsiers belong?

Which of the following is/are shared by all anthropoids?

A tiny complete skeleton found recently in China supports the view that

When scientists use the word hominid today, they mean pretty much the same thing as when they used this word 20 years ago.

Platyrrhines are New World monkeys.

Which of the following is NOT one of the general primate adaptations discussed in the textbook?

Arboreal primates tend to be smaller and more agile.

Most New World monkeys have a tendency to use an orthograde posture.

Common ancestry isn't the only reason for similarities between species. Similar traits can also arise if species experience similar selective forces and adapt to them in similar ways. This process is known as

Ancient anthropoids began to have fewer offspring that required longer and more attentive care. What did this select for?

Primates evolved along with the expansion of flowering plants.

What helped create an ecological niche that enabled primates to spread and diversify?

Sexual dimorphism tends to be more pronounced in terrestrial primate species.

What species do some think coexisted with Homo erectus in Asia?

The study of terrestrial primates and the great apes is of particular relevance to anthropologists.

Based on scientific theories of evolution, humans are not descended from gorillas or chimps. Rather,

Which of the following statements about orangutans is true?

Which of the following are most closely related to chimpanzees?

New World monkeys are the only anthropoids that

Opposable thumbs evolved as early primates adapted to terrestrial life.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 5: The Primates

To what primate suborder do tarsiers belong?

Which of the following is/are shared by all anthropoids?

A tiny complete skeleton found recently in China supports the view that

When scientists use the word hominid today, they mean pretty much the same thing as when they used this word 20 years ago.

Platyrrhines are New World monkeys.

Which of the following is NOT one of the general primate adaptations discussed in the textbook?

Arboreal primates tend to be smaller and more agile.

Most New World monkeys have a tendency to use an orthograde posture.

Common ancestry isn't the only reason for similarities between species. Similar traits can also arise if species experience similar selective forces and adapt to them in similar ways. This process is known as

Ancient anthropoids began to have fewer offspring that required longer and more attentive care. What did this select for?

Primates evolved along with the expansion of flowering plants.

What helped create an ecological niche that enabled primates to spread and diversify?

Sexual dimorphism tends to be more pronounced in terrestrial primate species.

What species do some think coexisted with Homo erectus in Asia?

The study of terrestrial primates and the great apes is of particular relevance to anthropologists.

Based on scientific theories of evolution, humans are not descended from gorillas or chimps. Rather,

Which of the following statements about orangutans is true?

Which of the following are most closely related to chimpanzees?

New World monkeys are the only anthropoids that

Opposable thumbs evolved as early primates adapted to terrestrial life.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters