Exam 17: Corrections for Juveniles

A child is one who is not receiving proper care because of action or inaction of parents.

The logic behind juvenile diversion programs is based on the developmental pattern of delinquency.

Describe the major historical movements that shaped the changes over time in how juvenile justice is approached in the United States.

Those who are uneasy and dissatisfied with the juvenile justice system's response to certain juveniles often favor an increased use of to adult court.

Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony believed the child was .

Juveniles have a low rate of desistence.

Levels of gang activity during the 1990s.

Because juveniles tend to commit crimes in groups and are more likely to be arrested for their crimes, juvenile arrests than adult arrests.

The first juvenile court in the United States was created in 1899 in .

Most correctional professionals believe juveniles are more susceptible than adults to the influence of treatment programs.

Conflicts between a child and an adult may promote delinquency as the child's way of "getting back" or unintentionally calling attention to the conflict.

Discuss the differences between the terms delinquent child, neglected child, and dependent child. Originally, which type of child was the juvenile system intended to focus on? Which type of child does it primarily focus on today?

Evidence-based juvenile corrections include an emphasis on in the community.

During the juvenile rights period, the prevailing trend in juvenile justice was to treat juveniles who engaged in serious criminal activity the same way as adults.

Age is a reliable predictor of recidivism.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Requires "essentials" of due process b. Has no parent or guardian and does not receive proper care c. Child who commits an act that would be criminally prosecuted if committed by an adult d. Transfer to adult court e. State as guardian f. Parole g. Specifies "essentials" of due process h. Ceasing from criminal behavior i. Child not receiving proper care j. Depends on social expectations -In Re Gault

Regardless of how media portrayals, the everyday juvenile convicted of a crime remains unsophisticated and susceptible to change through appropriate programs.

The alone is not enough to predict whether or not a juvenile convicted of a crime is someone whom society should fear.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. a. Requires "essentials" of due process b. Has no parent or guardian and does not receive proper care c. Child who commits an act that would be criminally prosecuted if committed by an adult d. Transfer to adult court e. State as guardian f. Parole g. Specifies "essentials" of due process h. Ceasing from criminal behavior i. Child not receiving proper care j. Depends on social expectations -Dependent

Which Supreme Court case established that jury trials are not required for juvenile court hearings?