Question 1

In designing a drug to inhibit poxvirus, the compound should localize in the hostʹs ________ to be most effective.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  Golgi complex 
A)  nucleus 
B)  endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  Golgi complex

Question 2

Which type of viruses generally has the smallest genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteriophages 
B)  DNA viruses 
C)  RNA viruses 
D)  viroids 
A)  bacteriophages 
B)  DNA viruses 
C)  RNA viruses 
D)  viroids

Question 3

As a consequence of the immune system in humans recognizing dsRNA as foreign

Accepted Answer

A)  dsRNA viruses rarely infect humans. 
B)  dsRNA viruses quickly transcribe their genes into mRNA which is insensitive to immune responses. 
C)  genomes of RNA viruses are often chemically modified to avoid recognition by human immune cells. 
D)  the genomes of dsRNA viruses must avoid human immune cells during infection, including replicating their genomes within their own nucleocapsids. 
A)  dsRNA viruses rarely infect humans. 
B)  dsRNA viruses quickly transcribe their genes into mRNA which is insensitive to immune responses. 
C)  genomes of RNA viruses are often chemically modified to avoid recognition by human immune cells. 
D)  the genomes of dsRNA viruses must avoid human immune cells during infection, including replicating their genomes within their own nucleocapsids.

Question 4

How are T7 genes transcribed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Host RNA polymerase is modified to recognize the T7 promoter. 
B)  Host RNA polymerase directly translates the T7 genes. 
C)  T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which is packaged in its capsid and injected into the host during infection to transcribe T7 genes. 
D)  T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which must first be synthesized by the host. 
A)  Host RNA polymerase is modified to recognize the T7 promoter. 
B)  Host RNA polymerase directly translates the T7 genes. 
C)  T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which is packaged in its capsid and injected into the host during infection to transcribe T7 genes. 
D)  T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which must first be synthesized by the host.

Question 5

Which feature, if changed, would NOT abolish M13ʹs utility as a cloning vector?

Accepted Answer

A)  ssDNA genome becoming a dsDNA genome 
B)  loss of genes that make coat proteins 
C)  replacing the segment of non-coding DNA in its genome with an indispensible gene 
D)  switch from lysogenic to lytic lifestyle 
A)  ssDNA genome becoming a dsDNA genome 
B)  loss of genes that make coat proteins 
C)  replacing the segment of non-coding DNA in its genome with an indispensible gene 
D)  switch from lysogenic to lytic lifestyle

Question 6

Knowing the genome of Mu bacteriophages now enables researchers to locate where it incorporates into bacterial genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Explain why the viral genome of the MS2 phages can be immediately translated. What type of genome must it have for this to be the case?

Accepted Answer

The MS2 phage has a positive ssRNA genom

Question 8

Most archaeal viruses identified appear to have DNA genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Viral Genomics, Diversity, and Ecology

In designing a drug to inhibit poxvirus, the compound should localize in the hostʹs ________ to be most effective.

Which type of viruses generally has the smallest genome?

As a consequence of the immune system in humans recognizing dsRNA as foreign

How are T7 genes transcribed?

Which feature, if changed, would NOT abolish M13ʹs utility as a cloning vector?

Knowing the genome of Mu bacteriophages now enables researchers to locate where it incorporates into bacterial genomes.

Explain why the viral genome of the MS2 phages can be immediately translated. What type of genome must it have for this to be the case?

Most archaeal viruses identified appear to have DNA genomes.

The Microbial World

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Information Flow and Protein Processing

Microbial Growth and Its Control

Microbial Regulatory Systems

Molecular Biology of Microbial Growth

Viruses and Their Replication

Microbial Systems Biology

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Microorganisms

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Microbial Eukarya

Taking the Measure of Microbial Systems

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Symbioses with Humans

Microbial Infection and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-to-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Waterborne and Foodborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungi, Protozoans, and Helminths

Filters