Exam 44: Osmoregulation and Excretion

After blood flow is artificially reduced at one kidney, you would expect that kidney to secrete more of the hormone known as ________.

The loop of Henle dips into the renal cortex. This is an important feature of osmoregulation in terrestrial vertebrates because ________.

An examination of a freshwater fish that died after being placed accidentally in saltwater would likely show that ________.

To maintain homeostasis, freshwater fish must ________.

If you are hiking through the desert for several days, one would pack which of the following to ensure proper hydration?

Among the following choices, the most concentrated urine is excreted by ________.

African lungfish, which are often found in small, stagnant pools of fresh water, produce urea as a nitrogenous waste. What is the advantage of this adaptation?

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be ________ with its ________ environment

Excessive formation of uric acid crystals in humans leads to ________.

Urea is ________.

Within a normally functioning kidney, red blood cells can be found in ________.

An examination of a marine sea star that had died after it was mistakenly placed in fresh water would likely show that it died because ________.

A primary reason that the kidneys have one of the highest metabolic rates of all body organs is that ________.

Which nitrogenous waste has the greatest number of nitrogen atoms?

Developing bird embryos excrete most of their nitrogenous waste as uric acid because ________.

Like other osmoregulatory animals that live in marine environments, sharks maintain tissue concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride that are hypoosmotic to the seawater. In contrast to the bony marine fishes, however, sharks do not need to drink seawater. Why?

In animals, nitrogenous wastes are produced mostly from the catabolism of ________.

The osmoregulatory process called secretion refers to the ________.

Natural selection should favor the highest proportion of juxtamedullary nephrons in which of the following species?

The transfer of fluid from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule ________.