Question 1

How does 0.5 M sucrose (molecular mass 342)solution compare to 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180)solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both have 6.02 × 10²³ molecules. 
B)  Sucrose has 171 molecules, whereas glucose has 90. 
C)  Both have 3.01 × 10²³ molecules. 
D)  Sucrose has 171 mg/L, whereas glucose has 90 mg/L. 
A)  Both have 6.02 × 10²³ molecules. 
B)  Sucrose has 171 molecules, whereas glucose has 90. 
C)  Both have 3.01 × 10²³ molecules. 
D)  Sucrose has 171 mg/L, whereas glucose has 90 mg/L. C

Question 2

Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops. The pH of raindrops is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  slightly acidic 
B)  slightly basic 
C)  same as pure water 
D)  depends on the altitude where rain drops are formed 
A)  slightly acidic 
B)  slightly basic 
C)  same as pure water 
D)  depends on the altitude where rain drops are formed A

Question 3

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake?

Accepted Answer

A)  10⁻¹⁰ M 
B)  10⁻⁴ M 
C)  10⁻⁷ M 
D)  10.0 M 
A)  10⁻¹⁰ M 
B)  10⁻⁴ M 
C)  10⁻⁷ M 
D)  10.0 M A

Question 4

What is the hydroxyl ion (OH⁻)concentration of a solution of pH 8?

Accepted Answer

A)  8 M 
B)  8 × 10⁻⁶ M 
C)  10⁻⁸ M 
D)  10⁻⁶ M 
A)  8 M 
B)  8 × 10⁻⁶ M 
C)  10⁻⁸ M 
D)  10⁻⁶ M

Question 5

A solution with a pH of 2 has how many more protons in it than a solution with a pH of 4?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 times more 
B)  10 times more 
C)  100 times more 
D)  1000 times more 
A)  5 times more 
B)  10 times more 
C)  100 times more 
D)  1000 times more

Question 6

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxygen atom donates an electron to each of the hydrogen atoms 
B)  the electrons shared between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms spend more time around the oxygen atom nucleus than around the hydrogen atom nucleus 
C)  the oxygen atom has two pairs of electrons in its valence shell that are not neutralized by hydrogen atoms 
D)  one of the hydrogen atoms donates an electron to the oxygen atom 
A)  the oxygen atom donates an electron to each of the hydrogen atoms 
B)  the electrons shared between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms spend more time around the oxygen atom nucleus than around the hydrogen atom nucleus 
C)  the oxygen atom has two pairs of electrons in its valence shell that are not neutralized by hydrogen atoms 
D)  one of the hydrogen atoms donates an electron to the oxygen atom

Question 7

Which of the following graphs describes the relationship between [H₃O⁺] and pH?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 8

Which of the following is a hydrophobic material?

Accepted Answer

A)  paper 
B)  table salt 
C)  wax 
D)  sugar 
A)  paper 
B)  table salt 
C)  wax 
D)  sugar

Question 9

Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4; solution Y has a pH of 7. From this information, we can reasonably conclude that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  solution Y has no free hydrogen ions (H⁺) 
B)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X 
C)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 3 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y 
D)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y 
A)  solution Y has no free hydrogen ions (H⁺) 
B)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X 
C)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 3 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y 
D)  the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1000 times as great as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y

Question 10

What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion (OH⁻)concentration of 10⁻¹⁰ M?

Accepted Answer

A)  pH 2 
B)  pH 4 
C)  pH 10 
D)  pH 12 
A)  pH 2 
B)  pH 4 
C)  pH 10 
D)  pH 12

Question 11

The cities of Portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, are at about the same latitude, but Minneapolis has much hotter summers and much colder winters than Portland. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not at the same exact latitude. 
B)  The ocean near Portland moderates the temperature. 
C)  Fresh water is more likely to freeze than salt water. 
D)  Minneapolis is much windier, due to its location in the middle of North America. 
A)  They are not at the same exact latitude. 
B)  The ocean near Portland moderates the temperature. 
C)  Fresh water is more likely to freeze than salt water. 
D)  Minneapolis is much windier, due to its location in the middle of North America.

Question 12

How much of 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180)is needed to provide 100 mg of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.11 mL 
B)  0.11 mL 
C)  100 mL 
D)  10 mL 
A)  1.11 mL 
B)  0.11 mL 
C)  100 mL 
D)  10 mL

Question 13

In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds 
B)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
C)  polar covalent bonds 
D)  ionic bonds 
A)  hydrogen bonds 
B)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
C)  polar covalent bonds 
D)  ionic bonds

Question 14

If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, then the concentration of H⁺ ions ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is 10 times higher in the cytoplasm than in the mitochondrial matrix 
B)  is 10 times higher in the mitochondrial matrix than in the cytoplasm 
C)  in the cytoplasm is 7/8 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix 
D)  in the cytoplasm is 8/7 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix 
A)  is 10 times higher in the cytoplasm than in the mitochondrial matrix 
B)  is 10 times higher in the mitochondrial matrix than in the cytoplasm 
C)  in the cytoplasm is 7/8 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix 
D)  in the cytoplasm is 8/7 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix

Question 15

You have a freshly prepared 0.1 M sucrose (molecular mass 342)solution, which means ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  6.02 × 10²³ of sucrose molecules are present in the solution 
B)  6.02 × 10²² of sucrose molecules are present in the solution 
C)  34.2 g of sucrose is present in the solution 
D)  6.02 × 10²² of sucrose molecules or 34.2 g of sucrose is present in the solution 
A)  6.02 × 10²³ of sucrose molecules are present in the solution 
B)  6.02 × 10²² of sucrose molecules are present in the solution 
C)  34.2 g of sucrose is present in the solution 
D)  6.02 × 10²² of sucrose molecules or 34.2 g of sucrose is present in the solution

Question 16

Low humidity in the atmosphere on a hot day ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  helps in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere 
B)  does not help in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster 
C)  helps in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster 
D)  does not help in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere 
A)  helps in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere 
B)  does not help in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster 
C)  helps in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster 
D)  does not help in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere

Question 17

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonpolar substances that repel water molecules 
B)  nonpolar substances that have an attraction for water molecules 
C)  polar substances that repel water molecules 
D)  polar substances that have an affinity for water 
A)  nonpolar substances that repel water molecules 
B)  nonpolar substances that have an attraction for water molecules 
C)  polar substances that repel water molecules 
D)  polar substances that have an affinity for water

Question 18

How many grams of the compound in the figure are required to make 1 liter of a 0.5 M solution? (Note: The atomic masses, in daltons, are approximately 12 for carbon, 1 for hydrogen, and 16 for oxygen.)

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  60 
C)  90 
D)  120 
A)  30 
B)  60 
C)  90 
D)  120

Question 19

Rank, from low to high, the pH of blood, stomach acid, and urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood, urine, and stomach acid 
B)  stomach acid, blood, and urine 
C)  urine, blood, stomach acid 
D)  stomach acid, urine, blood 
A)  blood, urine, and stomach acid 
B)  stomach acid, blood, and urine 
C)  urine, blood, stomach acid 
D)  stomach acid, urine, blood

Question 20

Use the following figure to answer the question.
 
Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule depicted is most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  without charge 
D)  nonpolar 
A)  positively charged 
B)  negatively charged 
C)  without charge 
D)  nonpolar

Exam 3: Water and Life

How does 0.5 M sucrose (molecular mass 342)solution compare to 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180)solution?

Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops. The pH of raindrops is ________.

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake?

What is the hydroxyl ion (OH⁻)concentration of a solution of pH 8?

A solution with a pH of 2 has how many more protons in it than a solution with a pH of 4?

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

Which of the following graphs describes the relationship between [H₃O⁺] and pH?

Which of the following is a hydrophobic material?

Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4; solution Y has a pH of 7. From this information, we can reasonably conclude that ________.

What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion (OH⁻)concentration of 10⁻¹⁰ M?

The cities of Portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, are at about the same latitude, but Minneapolis has much hotter summers and much colder winters than Portland. Why?

How much of 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180)is needed to provide 100 mg of glucose?

In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by ________.

If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, then the concentration of H⁺ ions ________.

You have a freshly prepared 0.1 M sucrose (molecular mass 342)solution, which means ________.

Low humidity in the atmosphere on a hot day ________.

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are ________.

How many grams of the compound in the figure are required to make 1 liter of a 0.5 M solution? (Note: The atomic masses, in daltons, are approximately 12 for carbon, 1 for hydrogen, and 16 for oxygen.)

Rank, from low to high, the pH of blood, stomach acid, and urine.

Use the following figure to answer the question. Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule depicted is most likely ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters