Exam 42: Circulation and Gas Exchange

During aerobic exercise, the partial pressure of oxygen in muscle cells will ________, thus the rate of diffusion of oxygen into the muscle tissue from the blood will ________.

You cut your finger, and after putting pressure on the wound for several minutes, you notice that it is still bleeding profusely. What may be the problem?

A human red blood cell in an artery of the left arm is on its way to deliver oxygen to a cell in the thumb. To travel from the artery to the thumb and then back to the left ventricle, this red blood cell must pass through ________.

________ is a hormone that is released from the ________ to stimulate the production of red blood cells.

Countercurrent exchange in the fish gill helps to maximize ________.

To become bound to hemoglobin for transport in mammals, atmospheric molecules of oxygen must cross ________.

Compared with the interstitial fluid that bathes active muscle cells, blood reaching these cells in arterioles has a

The sun shining on a tidal pool during a hot day heats the water, causing some water to evaporate. Because the water has become warmer and saltier, ________.

Compared to mammals that are not adapted for diving, diving mammals ________.

A rabbit taken from a meadow near sea level and moved to a meadow high on a mountainside would have some trouble breathing. Why?

Which of the following respiratory systems is not closely associated with a blood supply?

The only vertebrates in which blood flows directly from respiratory organs to body tissues without first returning to the heart are the ________.

Based on the graph, which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following would you expect of a species that has a high resting cardiac output?

While jogging, a person has a stroke volume of 130 ml/beat and a heart rate of 120 beats per minute. If their resting stroke volume was 70 ml/beat and resting heart rate was 60 beats per minute, how did this person's cardiac output change?

When you hold your breath, which of the following blood gas changes first leads to the urge to breathe?

Pulse is a direct measure of

Consider the following reaction. If the pH of the blood was decreased, then the ________. CO₂ + H₂O H₂CO₃ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺

Although having evolved independently, the tracheal tubes of mammals and insects are both supported by rigid tissues. The trachea of a mammal is supported by cartilage, and the tracheae of an insect are supported by chitin. What selective pressure most likely led to the convergent evolution of these respiratory structures?

During most daily activities, the human respiration rate is most closely linked to the blood levels of ________.