Question 1

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

Accepted Answer

A)  a sperm. 
B)  an egg. 
C)  a zygote. 
D)  a somatic cell of a male. 
A)  a sperm. 
B)  an egg. 
C)  a zygote. 
D)  a somatic cell of a male.

Question 2

Genetic variation leads to genetic diversity in populations and is the raw material for evolution. Biological systems have multiple processes, such as reproduction, that affect genetic variation. They are evolutionarily conserved and shared by various organisms. Which of the following statements best represents the connection between reproduction and evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants that use sexual reproduction are rare since this type of reproduction in plants does not contribute to genetic diversity. 
B)  In order to increase genetic diversity for evolution in sexually reproducing organisms, mutations must occur in the zygote after fertilization. 
C)  Since prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually, there is no mechanism for them to add genetic diversity for evolution. 
D)  Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation because random mutations can be shuffled between organisms. 
A)  Plants that use sexual reproduction are rare since this type of reproduction in plants does not contribute to genetic diversity. 
B)  In order to increase genetic diversity for evolution in sexually reproducing organisms, mutations must occur in the zygote after fertilization. 
C)  Since prokaryotic organisms reproduce asexually, there is no mechanism for them to add genetic diversity for evolution. 
D)  Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation because random mutations can be shuffled between organisms.

Question 3

For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes based on the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  about 1,000 
D)  about 8 million 
A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  about 1,000 
D)  about 8 million

Question 4

When chiasmata can first be seen in cells using a microscope, which of the following processes has most likely occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  meiosis II 
B)  anaphase II 
C)  prophase I 
D)  the separation of homologs 
A)  meiosis II 
B)  anaphase II 
C)  prophase I 
D)  the separation of homologs

Exam 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes based on the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis?

When chiasmata can first be seen in cells using a microscope, which of the following processes has most likely occurred?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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