Question 1

During which of the following processes does independent assortment of chromosomes occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  in meiosis I only 
B)  in meiosis II only 
C)  in mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  in mitosis and meiosis II 
A)  in meiosis I only 
B)  in meiosis II only 
C)  in mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  in mitosis and meiosis II

Question 2

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
I. Prophase I V. Prophase II
II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II
III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II
IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II
-Centromeres of sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate.

Accepted Answer

A)  III 
B)  IV 
C)  V 
D)  VII 
A)  III 
B)  IV 
C)  V 
D)  VII

Question 3

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

Accepted Answer

A)  sister chromatids separate during anaphase. 
B)  DNA replicates before the division. 
C)  the daughter cells are diploid. 
D)  homologous chromosomes synapse. 
A)  sister chromatids separate during anaphase. 
B)  DNA replicates before the division. 
C)  the daughter cells are diploid. 
D)  homologous chromosomes synapse.

Question 4

Refer to the information and figure below to answer the following questions.
A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12, and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown in the figure.
  
-A certain female's number 12 chromosomes both have the blue gene and number 19 chromosomes both have the long gene. As cells in her ovaries undergo meiosis, which of the following combinations of genes and chromosomes will her eggs have?

Accepted Answer

A)  either two number 12 chromosomes with blue genes or two with orange genes 
B)  either two number 19 chromosomes with long genes or two with short genes 
C)  either one blue or one orange gene in addition to either one long or one short gene 
D)  one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene 
A)  either two number 12 chromosomes with blue genes or two with orange genes 
B)  either two number 19 chromosomes with long genes or two with short genes 
C)  either one blue or one orange gene in addition to either one long or one short gene 
D)  one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene

Question 5

Which of the following processes might produce a human zygote with 45 chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  an error in meiotic anaphase occurring in either an egg or sperm 
B)  failure of the egg nucleus to be fertilized by the sperm 
C)  failure of an egg to complete meiosis II 
D)  incomplete cytokinesis during spermatogenesis after meiosis I 
A)  an error in meiotic anaphase occurring in either an egg or sperm 
B)  failure of the egg nucleus to be fertilized by the sperm 
C)  failure of an egg to complete meiosis II 
D)  incomplete cytokinesis during spermatogenesis after meiosis I

Question 6

During which of the following processes do sister chromatids separate from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  during meiosis I only 
B)  during meiosis II only 
C)  during both mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  during both mitosis and meiosis II 
A)  during meiosis I only 
B)  during meiosis II only 
C)  during both mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  during both mitosis and meiosis II

Question 7

DNA was isolated from three different cell types of the same organism, the relative DNA content for each type was determined, and the results were plotted on the graph shown in the figure below. Refer to the graph to answer the following questions.
  
-Which sample of DNA might represent a zygote?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  either I or II 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  either I or II

Question 8

The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain a total of 46 chromosomes. How do the chromosomes of this plant differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have a total of 46?

Accepted Answer

A)  Privet shrub cells cannot reproduce sexually. 
B)  Privet shrub sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. 
C)  Genes of privet shrub chromosomes are significantly different than those in humans. 
D)  Privet shrubs must be metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs. 
A)  Privet shrub cells cannot reproduce sexually. 
B)  Privet shrub sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. 
C)  Genes of privet shrub chromosomes are significantly different than those in humans. 
D)  Privet shrubs must be metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs.

Question 9

Which of the following events happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. 
B)  The chromosome number per cell remains the same. 
C)  Sister chromatids are separated. 
D)  Four daughter cells are formed. 
A)  Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. 
B)  The chromosome number per cell remains the same. 
C)  Sister chromatids are separated. 
D)  Four daughter cells are formed.

Question 10

If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G₁ phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I will be

Accepted Answer

A)  0.25x. 
B)  0.5x. 
C)  x. 
D)  2x. 
A)  0.25x. 
B)  0.5x. 
C)  x. 
D)  2x.

Question 11

Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Which of the following characteristics do all sexual life cycles have in common?
I Alternation of generations
II Meiosis
III Fertilization
IV Gametes
V Spores

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and IV 
B)  II, III, and IV 
C)  II, IV, and V 
D)  I, II, III, IV, and V 
A)  I, II, and IV 
B)  II, III, and IV 
C)  II, IV, and V 
D)  I, II, III, IV, and V

Question 12

Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure below to answer the following questions.
  
-Which of the life cycles is typical for most fungi and some protists?

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I and II 
A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I and II

Question 13

If a cell has completed meiosis I and the first cytokinesis, and is just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its genetic contents?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis. 
B)  It has half the chromosomes but twice the DNA of the parent cell. 
C)  It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the parent cell. 
D)  It is genetically identical to another cell formed from the same meiosis I event. 
A)  It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis. 
B)  It has half the chromosomes but twice the DNA of the parent cell. 
C)  It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the parent cell. 
D)  It is genetically identical to another cell formed from the same meiosis I event.

Question 14

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  the random way each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I 
B)  the random combinations of eggs and sperm during fertilization 
C)  the random distribution of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II 
D)  the diverse combination of alleles that may be found within any given chromosome 
A)  the random way each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I 
B)  the random combinations of eggs and sperm during fertilization 
C)  the random distribution of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II 
D)  the diverse combination of alleles that may be found within any given chromosome

Question 15

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  length and position of the centromere only 
B)  length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 
C)  length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes 
D)  They have nothing in common except that they are X-shaped. 
A)  length and position of the centromere only 
B)  length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 
C)  length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes 
D)  They have nothing in common except that they are X-shaped.

Question 16

If we continue to follow the cell lineage from question 4, then the DNA content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis II will be

Accepted Answer

A)  0.25x. 
B)  0.5x. 
C)  x. 
D)  2x. 
A)  0.25x. 
B)  0.5x. 
C)  x. 
D)  2x.

Question 17

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
I. Prophase I V. Prophase II
II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II
III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II
IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II
-Homologous chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle.

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  IV 
D)  VI 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  IV 
D)  VI

Question 18

In eukaryotes, genetic information is passed to the next generation by processes that include mitosis or meiosis. Which of the following explanations correctly identifies the process and supports the claim that heritable information is passed from one generation to another?

Accepted Answer

A)  During mitosis, DNA replication occurs twice within the cell cycle to insure a full set of chromosomes within each of the daughter cells produced. 
B)  Mitosis, followed by cytokinesis, produces daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, thus insuring variation within the population. 
C)  In asexual reproduction, a single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of its genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes. 
D)  Single-celled organisms can fuse their cells, reproducing asexually through mitosis to form new cells that are not identical to the parent cell. 
A)  During mitosis, DNA replication occurs twice within the cell cycle to insure a full set of chromosomes within each of the daughter cells produced. 
B)  Mitosis, followed by cytokinesis, produces daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, thus insuring variation within the population. 
C)  In asexual reproduction, a single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of its genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes. 
D)  Single-celled organisms can fuse their cells, reproducing asexually through mitosis to form new cells that are not identical to the parent cell.

Question 19

Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure below to answer the following questions.
  
-Which of the life cycles is typical for animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I and III 
A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  III only 
D)  I and III

Question 20

A particular organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. Which of the following statements is correct regarding this organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must be human. 
B)  It must be an animal. 
C)  It reproduces sexually. 
D)  It produces gametes with 23 chromosomes. 
A)  It must be human. 
B)  It must be an animal. 
C)  It reproduces sexually. 
D)  It produces gametes with 23 chromosomes.

Exam 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

During which of the following processes does independent assortment of chromosomes occur?

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II -Centromeres of sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate.

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

Which of the following processes might produce a human zygote with 45 chromosomes?

During which of the following processes do sister chromatids separate from each other?

DNA was isolated from three different cell types of the same organism, the relative DNA content for each type was determined, and the results were plotted on the graph shown in the figure below. Refer to the graph to answer the following questions. -Which sample of DNA might represent a zygote?

The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain a total of 46 chromosomes. How do the chromosomes of this plant differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have a total of 46?

Which of the following events happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?

If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G₁ phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I will be

Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Which of the following characteristics do all sexual life cycles have in common? I Alternation of generations II Meiosis III Fertilization IV Gametes V Spores

Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure below to answer the following questions. -Which of the life cycles is typical for most fungi and some protists?

If a cell has completed meiosis I and the first cytokinesis, and is just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its genetic contents?

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of which of the following processes?

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?

If we continue to follow the cell lineage from question 4, then the DNA content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis II will be

For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II -Homologous chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle.

In eukaryotes, genetic information is passed to the next generation by processes that include mitosis or meiosis. Which of the following explanations correctly identifies the process and supports the claim that heritable information is passed from one generation to another?

Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure below to answer the following questions. -Which of the life cycles is typical for animals?

A particular organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. Which of the following statements is correct regarding this organism?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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