Exam 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Gender

In a reanalysis of Buss's 37 cultures data, Eagly and Wood found that, supporting social role theory, ______

______ is the acquisition of gender-specific behaviors and learning of gender roles.

______ emphasizes not cross-cultural universals but rather the variability across cultures in patterns of gender differences.

Claire, a middle-aged woman, is feeling unsuccessful in her career as an actress. She finds herself becoming jealous of the male actors who seem to get offered more roles than she does. She is thinking about giving up on her acting career and becoming a stay-at-home mother. A psychoanalyst would interpret Claire's feelings as being due to ______.

Name the three mechanisms that are thought to underlie the process of gender typing and give an example of each.

A feminist evolutionary psychologist would argue that ______.

According to Freud, the major differences between males and females originate in the ______.

Self-efficacy beliefs are important in gender development according to ______.

Postmodern feminism is more focused on social action than any other type of action.

According to Bem, the gender schema ______.

Little girls are typically rewarded for being quiet and obedient, whereas little boys are often rewarded for being athletic and tough. As a result, children are more likely to repeat the behaviors that have been reinforced, and gender differences in behavior develop. Which theory best explains this phenomenon?

The National Organization for Women (NOW) is an example of ______.

Which type of feminist questions rationality and objectivity as methods for getting at truth, whether in the humanities or the sciences?

Compare and contrast theory and empirical evidence.

According to Freud, there are differences in superego formation for males and females because ______.

"The personal is political." This most likely would have been said by a ______.

According to psychoanalytic theory, in the ______ stage, the Oedipal complex occurs.

According to Nancy Chodorow, in her book The Reproduction of Mothering, the devaluation of women is due to ______

Theorists believe that there are four sources of power when one person or group has power over another. Name three of the four sources of power.

The term for the theoretical perspective that one's gender, gender identity, and sexual desire are not stable, fixed, biologically-based characteristics but rather fluid and dynamic aspects of individuals shaped by culture is ______.