Question 1

The complexities of work-life issues demonstrate the importance of the ______ of roles.

Accepted Answer

A)  quantity 
B)  quality 
C)  diversity 
D)  compensation 
A)  quantity 
B)  quality 
C)  diversity 
D)  compensation B

Question 2

Nadya is a supervisor who is known to motivate and mentor her employees. She is working from a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  transformational leader model 
B)  dictator boss model 
C)  democratic leader model 
D)  nurturing boss model 
A)  transformational leader model 
B)  dictator boss model 
C)  democratic leader model 
D)  nurturing boss model A

Question 3

Goldberg (1968) found that men's work was rated higher than women's work even when the work was identical. However, several meta-analyses of similar experiments have been conducted and have found little evidence of bias in the evaluation of women's work. Explain and analyze the complexities in this data that tell us there is more to the story and give an example of each. What is an important limitation in these meta-analyses?

Accepted Answer

Varies. There are two main complexities that tell us that there is much more to this story and data based on the context. For example, the gender bias was greater in jobs that were male-dominated than in jobs that were female-dominated. Gender bias depended on whether the job appeared congruent with the gender role of the applicant or employee. In addition, men tended to have more gender-biased rating than women did. Another layer of complexity in the data was that gender bias depended on how much information the rater had about the applicant or employee. For example, when raters were given only a small amount of information, there was more gender bias (favoring men) than when raters were given more information. A major limitation in these meta-analyses was that nearly all the studies reviewed were laboratory experiments with college students serving as the raters. So, the studies are not necessarily generalizable because they are not necessarily measuring gender discrimination in the actual evaluations of real work done by real people making hiring decisions or by other powerful persons.

Question 4

Research shows that there is typically less gender bias in evaluation of work and hiring decisions when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the occupations were segregated 
B)  the applicant meets all qualifications 
C)  raters are given more information about the applicant 
D)  the rater is a woman 
A)  the occupations were segregated 
B)  the applicant meets all qualifications 
C)  raters are given more information about the applicant 
D)  the rater is a woman

Question 5

Today, women earn about ______ cents for every dollar men earn.

Accepted Answer

A)  67 
B)  76 
C)  80 
D)  92 
A)  67 
B)  76 
C)  80 
D)  92

Question 6

In one study (O'Brien et al., 2012), female and male undergraduates were given a task and then asked to fill out a measure of entitlement, reporting on how much they thought they deserved to be paid for their work. The participants were also given the option of awarding themselves bonuses privately from an envelope containing US$5. The researchers found that women completed more work with greater accuracy than the men. They also found that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  men reported they deserved higher pay and paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did 
B)  women reported they deserved higher pay and paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did 
C)  men reported they deserved higher pay, but women paid themselves higher in bonuses than men did 
D)  women reported they deserved higher pay, but men paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did 
A)  men reported they deserved higher pay and paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did 
B)  women reported they deserved higher pay and paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did 
C)  men reported they deserved higher pay, but women paid themselves higher in bonuses than men did 
D)  women reported they deserved higher pay, but men paid themselves higher in bonuses than women did

Question 7

Pharmacists, lawyers, computer software engineers, and physicians are examples of the jobs that pay the best for women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Gendered wording in job ads is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit sexism and discrimination 
B)  old-fashioned sexism 
C)  occupational segregation 
D)  subtle ways modern sexism persists 
A)  explicit sexism and discrimination 
B)  old-fashioned sexism 
C)  occupational segregation 
D)  subtle ways modern sexism persists

Question 9

The perceived gender role incongruity of dominance or assertiveness depends on gender as well as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  socioeconomic status 
B)  race 
C)  culture 
D)  language 
A)  socioeconomic status 
B)  race 
C)  culture 
D)  language

Question 10

Explain one implication of occupational segregation.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Occupational segregation has var

Question 11

Fidas and Cooper (2015) found that ______ of non-LGBT respondents said it was "unprofessional" to talk about sexual orientation or gender identity at work.

Accepted Answer

A)  55% 
B)  70% 
C)  28% 
D)  45% 
A)  55% 
B)  70% 
C)  28% 
D)  45%

Question 12

The idea that women are paid less than men is because they don't negotiate for higher pay as well as men do is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the compensation negotiation principle 
B)  the female deficit explanation 
C)  gender discrimination 
D)  gendered negotiation skills 
A)  the compensation negotiation principle 
B)  the female deficit explanation 
C)  gender discrimination 
D)  gendered negotiation skills

Question 13

Hochschild (1989, 2012) concluding that, if "work" is defined as including work for pay outside the home plus work done in the home, then women worked, on average, ______ hours more per week than men did.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20

Question 14

Bus drivers, editors and reporters, and college and university teachers are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  male-dominated occupations 
B)  female-dominated occupations 
C)  occupations that are close to an equal gender ratio 
D)  occupations that are further from an equal gender ratio 
A)  male-dominated occupations 
B)  female-dominated occupations 
C)  occupations that are close to an equal gender ratio 
D)  occupations that are further from an equal gender ratio

Question 15

Research shows that people perceive women less favorably than men as potential occupants of leadership positions. Further, when women engage in leadership behavior, the behavior is evaluated less favorably than the same behavior enacted by a man. These findings support which theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the glass ceiling theory 
B)  gender bias theory 
C)  leadership gender gap theory 
D)  role congruity theory 
A)  the glass ceiling theory 
B)  gender bias theory 
C)  leadership gender gap theory 
D)  role congruity theory

Question 16

Naomi and Angelo are a dual-earner family and just had their first child. Based on the research on the second shift, we can infer that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Naomi will likely take on a greater share of childcare 
B)  Angelo will likely take on a greater share of childcare 
C)  Naomi and Angelo will likely split childcare fairly equally 
D)  Naomi and Angelo will likely split childcare fairly equally only if they were splitting household chores equally before having the baby 
A)  Naomi will likely take on a greater share of childcare 
B)  Angelo will likely take on a greater share of childcare 
C)  Naomi and Angelo will likely split childcare fairly equally 
D)  Naomi and Angelo will likely split childcare fairly equally only if they were splitting household chores equally before having the baby

Question 17

Childcare workers, dental hygienists, and registered nurses are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  female-dominated occupations 
B)  male-dominated occupations 
C)  occupations least impacted by the motherhood penalty 
D)  occupations most impacted by the motherhood penalty 
A)  female-dominated occupations 
B)  male-dominated occupations 
C)  occupations least impacted by the motherhood penalty 
D)  occupations most impacted by the motherhood penalty

Question 18

Analyze Brenda Major's (1994) theory that explains how social structural factors and psychological factors interact to perpetuate the wage gap.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Brend Major's (1994) theory expl

Question 19

Define comparable worth and explain one implication of this principle.

Accepted Answer

Varies. Comparable worth is the principl

Question 20

Most jobs are held by equal proportions of men and women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The complexities of work-life issues demonstrate the importance of the ______ of roles.

Nadya is a supervisor who is known to motivate and mentor her employees. She is working from a ______.

Research shows that there is typically less gender bias in evaluation of work and hiring decisions when ______.

Today, women earn about ______ cents for every dollar men earn.

Pharmacists, lawyers, computer software engineers, and physicians are examples of the jobs that pay the best for women.

Gendered wording in job ads is an example of ______.

The perceived gender role incongruity of dominance or assertiveness depends on gender as well as ______.

Explain one implication of occupational segregation.

Fidas and Cooper (2015) found that ______ of non-LGBT respondents said it was "unprofessional" to talk about sexual orientation or gender identity at work.

The idea that women are paid less than men is because they don't negotiate for higher pay as well as men do is an example of ______.

Hochschild (1989, 2012) concluding that, if "work" is defined as including work for pay outside the home plus work done in the home, then women worked, on average, ______ hours more per week than men did.

Bus drivers, editors and reporters, and college and university teachers are examples of ______.

Research shows that people perceive women less favorably than men as potential occupants of leadership positions. Further, when women engage in leadership behavior, the behavior is evaluated less favorably than the same behavior enacted by a man. These findings support which theory?

Naomi and Angelo are a dual-earner family and just had their first child. Based on the research on the second shift, we can infer that ______.

Childcare workers, dental hygienists, and registered nurses are examples of ______.

Analyze Brenda Major's (1994) theory that explains how social structural factors and psychological factors interact to perpetuate the wage gap.

Define comparable worth and explain one implication of this principle.

Most jobs are held by equal proportions of men and women.

Introduction

Theoretical Perspectives on Gender

Gender Stereotypes and Gender Differences

The Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity

Gender and Communication

Gender and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Abilities, Motivation, and Achievement

Biology and Gender

Psychology, Gender, and Health

Gender and Sexuality

Gender and Sexual Orientation

Gender and Victimization

Gender and Mental Health Issues

The Psychology of Men and Masculinity

Retrospect and Prospect

Filters

Exam 9: Gender and Work

The complexities of work-life issues demonstrate the importance of the ______ of roles.

Nadya is a supervisor who is known to motivate and mentor her employees. She is working from a ______.

Research shows that there is typically less gender bias in evaluation of work and hiring decisions when ______.

Today, women earn about ______ cents for every dollar men earn.

Pharmacists, lawyers, computer software engineers, and physicians are examples of the jobs that pay the best for women.

Gendered wording in job ads is an example of ______.

The perceived gender role incongruity of dominance or assertiveness depends on gender as well as ______.

Explain one implication of occupational segregation.

Fidas and Cooper (2015) found that ______ of non-LGBT respondents said it was "unprofessional" to talk about sexual orientation or gender identity at work.

The idea that women are paid less than men is because they don't negotiate for higher pay as well as men do is an example of ______.

Hochschild (1989, 2012) concluding that, if "work" is defined as including work for pay outside the home plus work done in the home, then women worked, on average, ______ hours more per week than men did.

Bus drivers, editors and reporters, and college and university teachers are examples of ______.

Research shows that people perceive women less favorably than men as potential occupants of leadership positions. Further, when women engage in leadership behavior, the behavior is evaluated less favorably than the same behavior enacted by a man. These findings support which theory?

Naomi and Angelo are a dual-earner family and just had their first child. Based on the research on the second shift, we can infer that ______.

Childcare workers, dental hygienists, and registered nurses are examples of ______.

Analyze Brenda Major's (1994) theory that explains how social structural factors and psychological factors interact to perpetuate the wage gap.

Define comparable worth and explain one implication of this principle.

Most jobs are held by equal proportions of men and women.

Introduction

Theoretical Perspectives on Gender

Gender Stereotypes and Gender Differences

The Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity

Gender and Communication

Gender and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Abilities, Motivation, and Achievement

Biology and Gender

Psychology, Gender, and Health

Gender and Sexuality

Gender and Sexual Orientation

Gender and Victimization

Gender and Mental Health Issues

The Psychology of Men and Masculinity

Retrospect and Prospect

Filters