Exam 31: Fungi

The functional significance of porous septa in certain fungal hyphae is most similar to that represented by which pair of structures in animal cells and plant cells, respectively?

Which statement is a correct interpretation of the data in the previous tables?

Please refer to the following information to answer the next few questions. Diploid nuclei of the ascomycete, Neurospora crassa, contain 14 chromosomes. A single diploid cell in an ascus will undergo one round of meiosis, followed in each of the daughter cells by one round of mitosis, producing a total of eight ascospores. -What is the ploidy of a single mature ascospore?

Mycorrhizae are to the roots of vascular plants as endophytes are to vascular plants'

If Penicillium typically secretes penicillin without disturbing the lichen relationship in which it is engaged, then what must have been true about its partner?

Fossil fungi date back to the origin and early evolution of plants. What combination of environmental and morphological change is similar in the evolution of both fungi and plants?

If the fungus that produced the fairy ring can also produce arbuscules, then which of the following is most likely to be buried at location "C"?

A billionaire buys a sterile volcanic island that recently emerged from the sea. To speed the arrival of conditions necessary for plant growth, the billionaire might be advised to aerially sow what over the island?

Sexual reproduction has not been observed in Bd. If its morphology and genetics did not identify it as a chytridiomycete, then to which fungal group would Bd be assigned?

The microsporidian, Brachiola gambiae, parasitizes the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Adult female mosquitoes must take blood meals in order for their eggs to develop, and it is while they take blood that they transmit malarial parasites to humans. Male mosquitoes drink flower nectar. If humans are to safely and effectively use Brachiola gambiae as a biological control to reduce human deaths from malaria, then how many of the following statements should be true? 1)Brachiola should kill the mosquitoes before the malarial parasite they carry reaches maturity. 2)The microsporidian should not be harmful to other insects. 3)Microsporidians should infect mosquito larvae, rather than mosquito adults. 4)The subsequent decline in anopheline mosquitoes should not significantly disrupt human food resources or other food webs. 5)Brachiola must be harmful to male mosquitoes, but not to female mosquitoes.

If Bd cannot grow properly at temperatures above 28°C (82°F), then, assuming the amphibians can survive, in which time or place should the chytrid infection proceed most rapidly? 1)cooler months 2)warmer months 3)lower altitudes 4)higher altitudes

Which of the following cells or structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi?

Which of the following terms refers to symbiotic relationships that involve fungi living between the cells in plant leaves?

Which of the following characteristics is shared by both chytrids and other kinds of fungi?

You are given an organism to identify. It has a fruiting body that contains many structures with eight haploid spores lined up in a row. What kind of a fungus is this?

Surface area represents the area available for exchange with the environment, whereas volume represents the cytoplasm which requires nutrients and from which waste products (usually toxic)must be removed. Which of the following should provide the most favorable conditions for effective exchange?

The following figure depicts the outline of a large fairy ring that has appeared overnight in an open meadow, as viewed from above. The fairy ring represents the furthest advance of this mycelium through the soil. Locations A-D are all 0.5 meters below the soil surface. Responses may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -At which location should one find the lowest concentration of fungal enzymes, assuming that the enzymes do not diffuse far from their source, and that no other fungi are present in this habitat?

The following figure depicts the outline of a large fairy ring that has appeared overnight in an open meadow, as viewed from above. The fairy ring represents the furthest advance of this mycelium through the soil. Locations A-D are all 0.5 meters below the soil surface. Responses may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -What is the most probable location of the oldest portion of this mycelium?

In septate fungi, what structures allow cytoplasmic streaming to distribute needed nutrients, synthesized compounds, and organelles throughout the hyphae?

Among the organisms listed here, which are thought to be the closest relatives of fungi?