Question 1

Hypothetically, one of the major benefits of double fertilization in angiosperms is to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the potential for mutation by insulating the embryo with other cells. 
B)  increase the number of fertilization events and offspring produced. 
C)  promote diversity in flower shape and color. 
D)  coordinate developmental timing between the embryo and its food stores. 
E)  emphasize embryonic survival by increasing embryo size. 
A)  decrease the potential for mutation by insulating the embryo with other cells. 
B)  increase the number of fertilization events and offspring produced. 
C)  promote diversity in flower shape and color. 
D)  coordinate developmental timing between the embryo and its food stores. 
E)  emphasize embryonic survival by increasing embryo size.

Question 2

How have fruits contributed to the success of angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A)  by nourishing the plants that make them 
B)  by facilitating dispersal of seeds 
C)  by attracting insects to the pollen inside 
D)  by producing sperm and eggs inside a protective coat 
E)  by producing triploid cells via double fertilization 
A)  by nourishing the plants that make them 
B)  by facilitating dispersal of seeds 
C)  by attracting insects to the pollen inside 
D)  by producing sperm and eggs inside a protective coat 
E)  by producing triploid cells via double fertilization

Question 3

If all agoutis are permanently removed from the rain forest, what will be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  swift extinction of harpy eagles 
B)  eventual extinction of Brazil nut trees 
C)  eventual extinction of orchid bees 
D)  swift extinction of orchids 
E)  swift extinction of sloths 
A)  swift extinction of harpy eagles 
B)  eventual extinction of Brazil nut trees 
C)  eventual extinction of orchid bees 
D)  swift extinction of orchids 
E)  swift extinction of sloths

Question 4

The next few questions refer to the following description. Match the animal features with the appropriate angiosperm analog.
Oviparous (egg-laying) animals have internal fertilization (sperm cells encounter eggs within the female's body). Yolk and/or albumen is (are) provided to the embryo, and a shell is then deposited around the embryo and its food source. Eggs are subsequently deposited in an environment that promotes their further development, or are incubated by one or both parents.
-The shell of an animal egg is what type of angiosperm analog?

Accepted Answer

A)  endosperm 
B)  pollen tube and sperm nuclei 
C)  carpels 
D)  fruit 
E)  integuments 
A)  endosperm 
B)  pollen tube and sperm nuclei 
C)  carpels 
D)  fruit 
E)  integuments

Question 5

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the pollen tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte 
A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte

Question 6

Which of the following flower parts develops into the pulp of a fleshy fruit?

Accepted Answer

A)  stigma 
B)  style 
C)  ovule 
D)  ovary 
E)  micropyle 
A)  stigma 
B)  style 
C)  ovule 
D)  ovary 
E)  micropyle

Question 7

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues.
-How many chromosomes should be in an embryo sac nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32

Question 8

Which of the following can be found in gymnosperms?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonfertile flower parts 
B)  triploid endosperm 
C)  fruits 
D)  pollen 
E)  carpels 
A)  nonfertile flower parts 
B)  triploid endosperm 
C)  fruits 
D)  pollen 
E)  carpels

Question 9

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the integument of a pine seed?

Accepted Answer

A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte 
A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte

Question 10

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues.
-How many chromosomes should be in an embryo nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32

Question 11

Within a gymnosperm megasporangium, what is the correct sequence in which the following should appear during development, assuming that fertilization occurs?
1)sporophyte embryo
2)female gametophyte
3)egg cell
4)megaspore

Accepted Answer

A)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1 
B)  4 → 2 → 3 → 1 
C)  4 → 1 → 2 → 3 
D)  1 → 4 → 3 → 2 
E)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3 
A)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1 
B)  4 → 2 → 3 → 1 
C)  4 → 1 → 2 → 3 
D)  1 → 4 → 3 → 2 
E)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3

Question 12

The Brazil nut tree, Bertholletia excels (n = 17), is native to tropical rain forests of South America. It is a hardwood tree that can grow to over 50 meters, is a source of high-quality lumber, and is a favorite nesting site for harpy eagles. As the rainy season ends, tough-walled fruits, each containing 8-25 seeds (Brazil nuts), fall to the forest floor. About $50 million worth of nuts are harvested each year. Scientists have discovered that the pale yellow, self-incompatible flowers of Brazil nut trees admit only female orchid bees as pollinators.
-Animals that consume Brazil nuts are deriving nutrition mostly from tissue whose nuclei have how many chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  17 
B)  34 
C)  51 
D)  68 
E)  There is not enough information to say. 
A)  17 
B)  34 
C)  51 
D)  68 
E)  There is not enough information to say.

Question 13

The next few questions refer to the following description.
The cycads, a mostly tropical phylum of gymnosperms, evolved about 300 million years ago and were dominant forms during the Age of the Dinosaurs. Though their sperm are flagellated, their ovules are pollinated by beetles. These beetles get nutrition (they eat pollen) and shelter from the microsporophylls. Upon visiting megasporophylls, the beetles transfer pollen to the exposed ovules. In cycads, pollen cones and seed cones are borne on different plants. Cycads synthesize neurotoxins, especially in the seeds, that are effective against most animals, including humans.
-On the Pacific island of Guam, large herbivorous bats called "flying foxes" commonly feed on cycad seeds, a potent source of neurotoxins. The flying foxes do not visit male cones. Consequently, what should be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flying foxes are attracted to cycad fruit, and eat the enclosed seeds only by accident. 
B)  Flying foxes are highly susceptible to the effects of the neurotoxins. 
C)  The flying foxes assist the beetles as important pollinating agents of the cycads. 
D)  Flying foxes can be dispersal agents of cycad seeds if the seeds sometimes get swallowed whole (in other words, without getting chewed). 
A)  The flying foxes are attracted to cycad fruit, and eat the enclosed seeds only by accident. 
B)  Flying foxes are highly susceptible to the effects of the neurotoxins. 
C)  The flying foxes assist the beetles as important pollinating agents of the cycads. 
D)  Flying foxes can be dispersal agents of cycad seeds if the seeds sometimes get swallowed whole (in other words, without getting chewed).

Question 14

In a typical angiosperm, what is the sequence of structures encountered by the tip of a growing pollen tube on its way to the egg?
1)micropyle
2)style
3)ovary
4)stigma

Accepted Answer

A)  4 → 2 → 3 → 1 
B)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1 
C)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3 
D)  1 → 3 → 4 → 2 
E)  3 → 2 → 4 → 1 
A)  4 → 2 → 3 → 1 
B)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1 
C)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3 
D)  1 → 3 → 4 → 2 
E)  3 → 2 → 4 → 1

Question 15

The following questions refer to the generalized life cycle for land plants shown in Figure 30.1. Each number within a circle or square represents a specific plant or plant part, and each number over an arrow represents either meiosis, mitosis, or fertilization.
   
Figure 30.1
-In Figure 30.1, which number represents an embryo?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  11 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  11

Question 16

Carpels and stamens are

Accepted Answer

A)  sporophyte plants in their own right. 
B)  gametophyte plants in their own right. 
C)  gametes. 
D)  spores. 
E)  modified sporophylls. 
A)  sporophyte plants in their own right. 
B)  gametophyte plants in their own right. 
C)  gametes. 
D)  spores. 
E)  modified sporophylls.

Question 17

A botanist was visiting a tropical region for the purpose of discovering plants with medicinal properties. All of the following might be ways of identifying potentially useful plants except

Accepted Answer

A)  observing which plants sick animals seek out. 
B)  observing which plants are the most used food plants. 
C)  observing which plants animals do not eat. 
D)  collecting plants and subjecting them to chemical analysis. 
E)  asking local people which plants they use as medicine. 
A)  observing which plants sick animals seek out. 
B)  observing which plants are the most used food plants. 
C)  observing which plants animals do not eat. 
D)  collecting plants and subjecting them to chemical analysis. 
E)  asking local people which plants they use as medicine.

Question 18

Brazil nut trees begin producing fruit at the age of 10 years, reach final height at about 120 years, and can live for over 500 years. A landowner can earn more by felling a Brazil nut tree and selling it for lumber than from several seasons' worth of Brazil nut harvests from the same tree. Thus, it makes greater financial sense in the long run to harvest

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the Brazil nut trees and sell them for lumber. 
B)  all of the nuts, and only then harvest all of the trees. 
C)  the nuts for many seasons. 
D)  remove no resources from the forest. 
A)  all of the Brazil nut trees and sell them for lumber. 
B)  all of the nuts, and only then harvest all of the trees. 
C)  the nuts for many seasons. 
D)  remove no resources from the forest.

Question 19

People who attempted to plant Brazil nuts in hopes of establishing plantations of Brazil nut trees played roles most similar to those of

Accepted Answer

A)  agoutis. 
B)  orchid bees. 
C)  pollen tubes. 
D)  harpy eagles. 
A)  agoutis. 
B)  orchid bees. 
C)  pollen tubes. 
D)  harpy eagles.

Question 20

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues.
-How many chromosomes should be in an endosperm nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32

Exam 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Hypothetically, one of the major benefits of double fertilization in angiosperms is to

How have fruits contributed to the success of angiosperms?

If all agoutis are permanently removed from the rain forest, what will be the result?

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the pollen tube?

Which of the following flower parts develops into the pulp of a fleshy fruit?

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues. -How many chromosomes should be in an embryo sac nucleus?

Which of the following can be found in gymnosperms?

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the integument of a pine seed?

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues. -How many chromosomes should be in an embryo nucleus?

Within a gymnosperm megasporangium, what is the correct sequence in which the following should appear during development, assuming that fertilization occurs? 1)sporophyte embryo 2)female gametophyte 3)egg cell 4)megaspore

In a typical angiosperm, what is the sequence of structures encountered by the tip of a growing pollen tube on its way to the egg? 1)micropyle 2)style 3)ovary 4)stigma

Carpels and stamens are

A botanist was visiting a tropical region for the purpose of discovering plants with medicinal properties. All of the following might be ways of identifying potentially useful plants except

People who attempted to plant Brazil nuts in hopes of establishing plantations of Brazil nut trees played roles most similar to those of

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues. -How many chromosomes should be in an endosperm nucleus?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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