Question 1

A major advantage in photodynamic therapy is that ________________: (Select all correct choices)

Accepted Answer

A) the photosensitizing agent is selectively taken up by bone tissue 
B) damaged tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent 
C) diseased tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent 
D) cancer cells will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent 
A) the photosensitizing agent is selectively taken up by bone tissue 
B) damaged tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent 
C) diseased tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent 
D) cancer cells will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent

Question 2

About how many chlorophyll molecules are found in a single photosynthetic unit and how many of those chlorophyll molecules actually transfer electrons to an electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

A) 300, 200 
B) 300, 1 
C) 300, 300 
D) 2400, 300 
E) 2, 1 
A) 300, 200 
B) 300, 1 
C) 300, 300 
D) 2400, 300 
E) 2, 1

Question 3

Organisms that depend on an external source of organic compounds are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs 
B) heterotrophs 
C) chemotrophs 
D) phototrophs 
E) externotrophs 
A) autotrophs 
B) heterotrophs 
C) chemotrophs 
D) phototrophs 
E) externotrophs

Question 4

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680+ in the reaction center?

Accepted Answer

A) a cluster of 5 iron ions 
B) a cluster of 4 manganese ions and one calcium ion 
C) a cluster of one magnesium ion and 4 calcium ions 
D) a cluster of 5 copper ions 
E) a cluster of 5 manganese ions 
A) a cluster of 5 iron ions 
B) a cluster of 4 manganese ions and one calcium ion 
C) a cluster of one magnesium ion and 4 calcium ions 
D) a cluster of 5 copper ions 
E) a cluster of 5 manganese ions

Question 5

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

Accepted Answer

A) artificially 
B) biotically 
C) abiotically 
D) supernaturally 
E) quickly 
A) artificially 
B) biotically 
C) abiotically 
D) supernaturally 
E) quickly

Question 6

An unexpected characteristic of chloroplasts is their ability to differentiate into _____________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) chromoplasts 
B) mitochondria 
C) amyloplasts 
D) vacuoles 
E) gerontoplasts 
A) chromoplasts 
B) mitochondria 
C) amyloplasts 
D) vacuoles 
E) gerontoplasts

Question 7

Why are organisms that presently use hydrogen sulfide as an electron source limited in their distribution and importance?

Accepted Answer

A) It is more efficient. 
B) They are smaller. 
C) Hydrogen sulfide is abundant and widespread. 
D) Hydrogen sulfide is neither abundant nor widespread. 
E) In the current environment, hydrogen sulfide combines with silicon dioxide, inactivating it. 
A) It is more efficient. 
B) They are smaller. 
C) Hydrogen sulfide is abundant and widespread. 
D) Hydrogen sulfide is neither abundant nor widespread. 
E) In the current environment, hydrogen sulfide combines with silicon dioxide, inactivating it.

Question 8

The LHCII complex binds pigments and holds them in close contact with one another. What is the advantage of the close contact between the pigments?

Accepted Answer

A) facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem interior 
B) facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem exterior 
C) helps with fluorescence 
D) helps prevent denaturation 
E) facilitates renaturation 
A) facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem interior 
B) facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem exterior 
C) helps with fluorescence 
D) helps prevent denaturation 
E) facilitates renaturation

Question 9

Organisms that can survive on carbon dioxide as their principal carbon source are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs 
B) heterotrophs 
C) chemotrophs 
D) phototrophs 
E) externotrophs 
A) autotrophs 
B) heterotrophs 
C) chemotrophs 
D) phototrophs 
E) externotrophs

Question 10

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680+)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) theophyllin 
B) carotene 
C) pheophytin 
D) xanthophylls 
E) succinate dehydrogenase 
A) theophyllin 
B) carotene 
C) pheophytin 
D) xanthophylls 
E) succinate dehydrogenase

Question 11

You are studying mutant algal cells that lack carotenoids. You raise them in an aerobic environment. They do not survive. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) They cannot absorb any light. 
B) They reflect all colors of light. 
C) They dissipate aerobic environments. 
D) They transfer excess energy to O2 making ultrareactive singlet oxygen that can destroy biological molecules and cause cell death. 
E) The lack of carotenoids causes the chloroplast membranes to disintegrate. 
A) They cannot absorb any light. 
B) They reflect all colors of light. 
C) They dissipate aerobic environments. 
D) They transfer excess energy to O2 making ultrareactive singlet oxygen that can destroy biological molecules and cause cell death. 
E) The lack of carotenoids causes the chloroplast membranes to disintegrate.

Question 12

One difference between chromoplasts and gerontoplasts is that:

Accepted Answer

A) the gerontoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules. 
B) the chromoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules, 
C) the gerontoplast produces more carotenoid molecules. 
D) the chromoplast produces more carotenoid molecules. 
A) the gerontoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules. 
B) the chromoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules, 
C) the gerontoplast produces more carotenoid molecules. 
D) the chromoplast produces more carotenoid molecules.

Question 13

High intensity light has a negative effect on photosynthesis; in fact, too much light can diminish photosynthetic output. This phenomenon is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

A) photousurpation 
B) photodiminishment 
C) photoinhibition 
D) photosynthetic diminishment 
E) disinhibition 
A) photousurpation 
B) photodiminishment 
C) photoinhibition 
D) photosynthetic diminishment 
E) disinhibition

Question 14

When ATP is formed during oxygenic photosynthesis, the process is known as ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) cyclic photophosphorylation 
B) noncyclic photophosphorylation 
C) dark reactions 
D) proton-motive photophosphorylation 
A) cyclic photophosphorylation 
B) noncyclic photophosphorylation 
C) dark reactions 
D) proton-motive photophosphorylation

Question 15

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoids, grana 
B) grana, thylakoids 
C) thylakoids, stroma thylakoids 
D) thylakoids, grana thylakoids 
E) grana thylakoids, thylakoids 
A) thylakoids, grana 
B) grana, thylakoids 
C) thylakoids, stroma thylakoids 
D) thylakoids, grana thylakoids 
E) grana thylakoids, thylakoids

Question 16

When cyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited, which result would be expected?

Accepted Answer

A) accelerated NADH production 
B) impaired development of higher plants 
C) increased ATP production 
D) improved growth of algae and simple plants 
A) accelerated NADH production 
B) impaired development of higher plants 
C) increased ATP production 
D) improved growth of algae and simple plants

Question 17

What is the reason that C3 plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

Accepted Answer

A) to take in CO 
B) to take in CO2 
C) to take in water 
D) to let CO2 out of the leaf 
E) to take in O2 
A) to take in CO 
B) to take in CO2 
C) to take in water 
D) to let CO2 out of the leaf 
E) to take in O2

Question 18

What part of the chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

Accepted Answer

A) the phytol chain 
B) the porphyrin ring 
C) the iron containing heme group 
D) the polypeptide backbone 
A) the phytol chain 
B) the porphyrin ring 
C) the iron containing heme group 
D) the polypeptide backbone

Question 19

If Calvin cycle enzymes are treated with a reagent that stabilizes their disulfide linkages, what is the likely?

Accepted Answer

A) It would competitively inhibit them. 
B) It would noncompetitively inhibit them. 
C) It would split them in two pieces. 
D) It would activate them. 
E) It would prevent them from catalyzing photosynthetic reactions. 
A) It would competitively inhibit them. 
B) It would noncompetitively inhibit them. 
C) It would split them in two pieces. 
D) It would activate them. 
E) It would prevent them from catalyzing photosynthetic reactions.

Question 20

Where are the enzymes that synthesize carbohydrates located?

Accepted Answer

A) grana 
B) thylakoids 
C) lumen 
D) stroma 
E) chloroplast envelope 
A) grana 
B) thylakoids 
C) lumen 
D) stroma 
E) chloroplast envelope

A major advantage in photodynamic therapy is that ________________: (Select all correct choices)

About how many chlorophyll molecules are found in a single photosynthetic unit and how many of those chlorophyll molecules actually transfer electrons to an electron acceptor?

Organisms that depend on an external source of organic compounds are called _________.

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680⁺ in the reaction center?

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

An unexpected characteristic of chloroplasts is their ability to differentiate into _____________. (Select all that apply)

Why are organisms that presently use hydrogen sulfide as an electron source limited in their distribution and importance?

The LHCII complex binds pigments and holds them in close contact with one another. What is the advantage of the close contact between the pigments?

Organisms that can survive on carbon dioxide as their principal carbon source are called ______.

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680⁺)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

You are studying mutant algal cells that lack carotenoids. You raise them in an aerobic environment. They do not survive. Why?

One difference between chromoplasts and gerontoplasts is that:

High intensity light has a negative effect on photosynthesis; in fact, too much light can diminish photosynthetic output. This phenomenon is known as _______.

When ATP is formed during oxygenic photosynthesis, the process is known as ________________.

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called ___; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

When cyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited, which result would be expected?

What is the reason that C₃ plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

What part of the chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

If Calvin cycle enzymes are treated with a reagent that stabilizes their disulfide linkages, what is the likely?

Where are the enzymes that synthesize carbohydrates located?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

A major advantage in photodynamic therapy is that ________________: (Select all correct choices)

About how many chlorophyll molecules are found in a single photosynthetic unit and how many of those chlorophyll molecules actually transfer electrons to an electron acceptor?

Organisms that depend on an external source of organic compounds are called _________.

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680+ in the reaction center?

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

An unexpected characteristic of chloroplasts is their ability to differentiate into _____________. (Select all that apply)

Why are organisms that presently use hydrogen sulfide as an electron source limited in their distribution and importance?

The LHCII complex binds pigments and holds them in close contact with one another. What is the advantage of the close contact between the pigments?

Organisms that can survive on carbon dioxide as their principal carbon source are called ______.

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680+)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

You are studying mutant algal cells that lack carotenoids. You raise them in an aerobic environment. They do not survive. Why?

One difference between chromoplasts and gerontoplasts is that:

High intensity light has a negative effect on photosynthesis; in fact, too much light can diminish photosynthetic output. This phenomenon is known as _______.

When ATP is formed during oxygenic photosynthesis, the process is known as ________________.

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

When cyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited, which result would be expected?

What is the reason that C3 plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

What part of the chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

If Calvin cycle enzymes are treated with a reagent that stabilizes their disulfide linkages, what is the likely?

Where are the enzymes that synthesize carbohydrates located?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680⁺ in the reaction center?

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680⁺)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called ___; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

What is the reason that C₃ plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?