Question 1

Photoautotrophs include _________.

Accepted Answer

A) plants 
B) eukaryotic algae 
C) various flagellated protists 
D) members of several groups of prokaryotes 
E) all of these are correct 
A) plants 
B) eukaryotic algae 
C) various flagellated protists 
D) members of several groups of prokaryotes 
E) all of these are correct

Question 2

Which three organelles in a leaf cell are found closely associated with each other and cooperate with each other in such a way that products of one organelle serve as substrates in another?

Accepted Answer

A) peroxisomes, lysosomes, mitochondria 
B) chloroplasts, mitochondria, lysosomes 
C) chloroplasts, nuclei, mitochondria 
D) mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes 
E) chloroplasts, nuclei, peroxisomes 
A) peroxisomes, lysosomes, mitochondria 
B) chloroplasts, mitochondria, lysosomes 
C) chloroplasts, nuclei, mitochondria 
D) mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes 
E) chloroplasts, nuclei, peroxisomes

Question 3

As energy passes through a photosynthetic unit, it is transferred to a pigment molecule that absorbs at an______ wavelength, so energy is _____ and the nature of future transfers becomes restricted.

Accepted Answer

A) equal or longer, lost 
B) equal or longer, gained 
C) equal or shorter, gained 
D) equal or shorter, lost 
E) equal, the same 
A) equal or longer, lost 
B) equal or longer, gained 
C) equal or shorter, gained 
D) equal or shorter, lost 
E) equal, the same

Question 4

The PSII reaction center, also known as P680, _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs light most strongly at 680 nm 
B) reflects light most strongly at 680 nm 
C) reflects light most strongly at 700 nm 
D) absorbs light most strongly at 700 nm 
A) absorbs light most strongly at 680 nm 
B) reflects light most strongly at 680 nm 
C) reflects light most strongly at 700 nm 
D) absorbs light most strongly at 700 nm

Question 5

Which molecule conveys protons from the chloroplast stroma into the thylakoid lumen?

Accepted Answer

A) cytochrome b6f 
B) plastocyanin 
C) phytochrome 
D) cytochrome c 
E) oxygen 
A) cytochrome b6f 
B) plastocyanin 
C) phytochrome 
D) cytochrome c 
E) oxygen

Question 6

The rate of photosynthetic CO2 fixation _____ and the rate of the release of CO2 by photorespiration _______ when _____ a plant is placed in a closed container.

Accepted Answer

A) decreases, increases, C3 
B) increases, decreases, C3 
C) decreases, increases, C4 
D) decreases, decreases, C3 
E) increases, increases, C3 
A) decreases, increases, C3 
B) increases, decreases, C3 
C) decreases, increases, C4 
D) decreases, decreases, C3 
E) increases, increases, C3

Question 7

What waste product of photolysis is released to the environment?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) water 
C) oxygen 
D) ammonia 
E) precipitated manganese 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) water 
C) oxygen 
D) ammonia 
E) precipitated manganese

Question 8

Starch stored as granules in the chloroplasts serves what purpose?

Accepted Answer

A) It causes plant cells to swell. 
B) It provides plants with sugars at night when light-dependent reactions are not possible. 
C) It provides plants with cellulose during the day. 
D) It supplies plants with ribulose bisphosphate. 
E) It causes plant cells to shrink. 
A) It causes plant cells to swell. 
B) It provides plants with sugars at night when light-dependent reactions are not possible. 
C) It provides plants with cellulose during the day. 
D) It supplies plants with ribulose bisphosphate. 
E) It causes plant cells to shrink.

Question 9

How does the production of ATP in chloroplasts differ from production in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) The protons move into the stroma of chloroplasts and out of the stroma of mitochondria. 
B) It relies on electrochemical potential in mitochondria and on pH gradient in chloroplasts. 
C) It relies on pH gradient in mitochondria and electrochemical potential in chloroplasts. 
D) The protons move into the intermembrane space in chloroplasts and into the thylakoid lumen in mitochondria. 
E) The protons move into the matrix in mitochondria and into the cytoplasm in chloroplasts. 
A) The protons move into the stroma of chloroplasts and out of the stroma of mitochondria. 
B) It relies on electrochemical potential in mitochondria and on pH gradient in chloroplasts. 
C) It relies on pH gradient in mitochondria and electrochemical potential in chloroplasts. 
D) The protons move into the intermembrane space in chloroplasts and into the thylakoid lumen in mitochondria. 
E) The protons move into the matrix in mitochondria and into the cytoplasm in chloroplasts.

Question 10

How do the products of carbon fixation in a C4 plant move from the mesophyll to the bundle sheath cells?

Accepted Answer

A) in lysosomes 
B) through plasmodesmata 
C) diffusion across the plasma membrane 
D) by ciliar movement 
E) in mitochondria 
A) in lysosomes 
B) through plasmodesmata 
C) diffusion across the plasma membrane 
D) by ciliar movement 
E) in mitochondria

Question 11

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O2 during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
E) 16 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
E) 16

Question 12

A mechanism that regulates basic cell processes, like protein folding, transcription, translation, and chloroplast metabolism, by controlling the activity of proteins is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) transubstantiation 
B) internal combustion 
C) redox control 
D) oxidation inhibition 
E) reduction counter-regulation 
A) transubstantiation 
B) internal combustion 
C) redox control 
D) oxidation inhibition 
E) reduction counter-regulation

Question 13

Which type of chlorophyll is only found in red algae?

Accepted Answer

A) chlorophyll a 
B) chlorophyll b 
C) chlorophyll c 
D) chlorophyll d 
E) carotenoids 
A) chlorophyll a 
B) chlorophyll b 
C) chlorophyll c 
D) chlorophyll d 
E) carotenoids

Question 14

What is the mechanism by which the herbicides diuron, atrazine and terbutryn are able to kill plants?

Accepted Answer

A) They bind to the manganese ions of chlorophyll. 
B) They block electron transport through PSII. 
C) They act as competitive inhibitors of reduced plastiquinone binding to chlorophyll a. 
D) They act as noncompetitive inhibitors of reduced plastiquinone binding to the D1 protein of PSII. 
E) They bind to hemoglobin. 
A) They bind to the manganese ions of chlorophyll. 
B) They block electron transport through PSII. 
C) They act as competitive inhibitors of reduced plastiquinone binding to chlorophyll a. 
D) They act as noncompetitive inhibitors of reduced plastiquinone binding to the D1 protein of PSII. 
E) They bind to hemoglobin.

Question 15

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules, like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, or nitrites, to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) didliotrophs 
A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) didliotrophs

Question 16

2-phosphoglycolate is converted into glycolate by an enzyme in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) peroxisome 
B) glyoxysome 
C) stroma 
D) thylakoid disk 
E) thylakoid membrane 
A) peroxisome 
B) glyoxysome 
C) stroma 
D) thylakoid disk 
E) thylakoid membrane

Question 17

Formation of chromoplasts from chloroplasts is an adaptation designed to assist in:

Accepted Answer

A) pollination 
B) seed dispersal 
C) protection from herbivorous animals 
D) protection from herbicides 
E) energy storage 
A) pollination 
B) seed dispersal 
C) protection from herbivorous animals 
D) protection from herbicides 
E) energy storage

Question 18

Why might Rubisco have evolved with an inability to distinguish between CO2 and O2?

Accepted Answer

A) low atmospheric O2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
B) low atmospheric CO2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
C) high atmospheric O2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
D) multiple subunits in the Rubisco enzyme competing for substrate 
E) selective advantages for plants that are able to bind both CO2 and O2 
A) low atmospheric O2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
B) low atmospheric CO2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
C) high atmospheric O2 levels when Rubisco evolved 
D) multiple subunits in the Rubisco enzyme competing for substrate 
E) selective advantages for plants that are able to bind both CO2 and O2

Question 19

You expose algae to CO2 that contains radiolabeled oxygen. Where does the radiolabeled oxygen end up after photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) in water 
B) in oxygen 
C) in carbon dioxide 
D) in carbohydrates 
E) in carbon monoxide 
A) in water 
B) in oxygen 
C) in carbon dioxide 
D) in carbohydrates 
E) in carbon monoxide

Question 20

The outer membrane of the chloroplast contains _____ like the outer membrane of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates, mitochondria 
B) carbohydrates, peroxisomes 
C) several different porins, mitochondria 
D) mitochondria, porins 
E) several different porins, the nucleus 
A) carbohydrates, mitochondria 
B) carbohydrates, peroxisomes 
C) several different porins, mitochondria 
D) mitochondria, porins 
E) several different porins, the nucleus

Photoautotrophs include _________.

Which three organelles in a leaf cell are found closely associated with each other and cooperate with each other in such a way that products of one organelle serve as substrates in another?

As energy passes through a photosynthetic unit, it is transferred to a pigment molecule that absorbs at an__ wavelength, so energy is _ and the nature of future transfers becomes restricted.

The PSII reaction center, also known as P680, _____________.

Which molecule conveys protons from the chloroplast stroma into the thylakoid lumen?

The rate of photosynthetic CO₂ fixation _ and the rate of the release of CO₂ by photorespiration _ when ___ a plant is placed in a closed container.

What waste product of photolysis is released to the environment?

Starch stored as granules in the chloroplasts serves what purpose?

How does the production of ATP in chloroplasts differ from production in mitochondria?

How do the products of carbon fixation in a C₄ plant move from the mesophyll to the bundle sheath cells?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O₂during photosynthesis?

A mechanism that regulates basic cell processes, like protein folding, transcription, translation, and chloroplast metabolism, by controlling the activity of proteins is called ________.

Which type of chlorophyll is only found in red algae?

What is the mechanism by which the herbicides diuron, atrazine and terbutryn are able to kill plants?

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules, like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, or nitrites, to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called ___________.

2-phosphoglycolate is converted into glycolate by an enzyme in the ________.

Formation of chromoplasts from chloroplasts is an adaptation designed to assist in:

Why might Rubisco have evolved with an inability to distinguish between CO₂ and O₂?

You expose algae to CO₂ that contains radiolabeled oxygen. Where does the radiolabeled oxygen end up after photosynthesis?

The outer membrane of the chloroplast contains _ like the outer membrane of __.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Photoautotrophs include _________.

Which three organelles in a leaf cell are found closely associated with each other and cooperate with each other in such a way that products of one organelle serve as substrates in another?

As energy passes through a photosynthetic unit, it is transferred to a pigment molecule that absorbs at an______ wavelength, so energy is _____ and the nature of future transfers becomes restricted.

The PSII reaction center, also known as P680, _____________.

Which molecule conveys protons from the chloroplast stroma into the thylakoid lumen?

The rate of photosynthetic CO2 fixation _____ and the rate of the release of CO2 by photorespiration _______ when _____ a plant is placed in a closed container.

What waste product of photolysis is released to the environment?

Starch stored as granules in the chloroplasts serves what purpose?

How does the production of ATP in chloroplasts differ from production in mitochondria?

How do the products of carbon fixation in a C4 plant move from the mesophyll to the bundle sheath cells?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O2 during photosynthesis?

A mechanism that regulates basic cell processes, like protein folding, transcription, translation, and chloroplast metabolism, by controlling the activity of proteins is called ________.

Which type of chlorophyll is only found in red algae?

What is the mechanism by which the herbicides diuron, atrazine and terbutryn are able to kill plants?

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules, like ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, or nitrites, to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called ___________.

2-phosphoglycolate is converted into glycolate by an enzyme in the ________.

Formation of chromoplasts from chloroplasts is an adaptation designed to assist in:

Why might Rubisco have evolved with an inability to distinguish between CO2 and O2?

You expose algae to CO2 that contains radiolabeled oxygen. Where does the radiolabeled oxygen end up after photosynthesis?

The outer membrane of the chloroplast contains _____ like the outer membrane of ______.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

As energy passes through a photosynthetic unit, it is transferred to a pigment molecule that absorbs at an__ wavelength, so energy is _ and the nature of future transfers becomes restricted.

The rate of photosynthetic CO₂ fixation _ and the rate of the release of CO₂ by photorespiration _ when ___ a plant is placed in a closed container.

How do the products of carbon fixation in a C₄ plant move from the mesophyll to the bundle sheath cells?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O₂during photosynthesis?

Why might Rubisco have evolved with an inability to distinguish between CO₂ and O₂?

You expose algae to CO₂ that contains radiolabeled oxygen. Where does the radiolabeled oxygen end up after photosynthesis?

The outer membrane of the chloroplast contains _ like the outer membrane of __.