Question 1

A larger S value (Svedberg unit)for an RNA indicates that the RNA __________.

Accepted Answer

A) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation 
B) migrates less rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation 
C) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during gel filtration 
D) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 
E) migrates less rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 
A) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation 
B) migrates less rapidly through a field of force during centrifugation 
C) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during gel filtration 
D) migrates more rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 
E) migrates less rapidly through a field of force during SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis A

Question 2

Once the F$\sigma$ factor leaves the core enzyme, what happens?

Accepted Answer

A) Transcription begins. 
B) The core enzyme continues RNA elongation. 
C) The core enzyme discontinues synthesis. 
D) Transcription terminates. 
E) The core enzyme backs up 25 nucleotides. 
A) Transcription begins. 
B) The core enzyme continues RNA elongation. 
C) The core enzyme discontinues synthesis. 
D) Transcription terminates. 
E) The core enzyme backs up 25 nucleotides. B

Question 3

RNA polymerase II promoters are located on the ________ side of each transcription unit.

Accepted Answer

A) 3' 
B) 5' 
C) N-terminal 
D) C-terminal 
A) 3' 
B) 5' 
C) N-terminal 
D) C-terminal B

Question 4

Why does it make sense that cells would respond to the presence of dsRNAs with a mechanism such as RNAi?

Accepted Answer

A) dsRNAs are not produced by the cell's normal genetic activities. 
B) dsRNAs are produced by the cell's normal genetic activities. 
C) dsRNAs adversely affect mitochondria. 
D) dsRNAs could cause degradation of nuclear DNA. 
E) dsRNAs have a very abnormal interaction with proteins. 
A) dsRNAs are not produced by the cell's normal genetic activities. 
B) dsRNAs are produced by the cell's normal genetic activities. 
C) dsRNAs adversely affect mitochondria. 
D) dsRNAs could cause degradation of nuclear DNA. 
E) dsRNAs have a very abnormal interaction with proteins.

Question 5

It has been discovered that some mRNAs have a signal that causes the ribosome to change its reading frame by backing up or moving ahead one base. Such a sequence is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a recentering signal 
B) a recoding signal 
C) an acentric signal 
D) an acentric sequence 
E) an allopatric sequence 
A) a recentering signal 
B) a recoding signal 
C) an acentric signal 
D) an acentric sequence 
E) an allopatric sequence

Question 6

The chromosome regions containing most rDNA are gathered in __________.

Accepted Answer

A) terminators 
B) nucleoli 
C) nucleosomes 
D) ribostores 
E) telomeres 
A) terminators 
B) nucleoli 
C) nucleosomes 
D) ribostores 
E) telomeres

Question 7

Which molecule in plant cells has been linked with cell-to-cell movement of siRNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) Dicer DCL4 
B) Drosha DCL6 
C) Zucchini 
D) RNA polymerase RDR8 
A) Dicer DCL4 
B) Drosha DCL6 
C) Zucchini 
D) RNA polymerase RDR8

Question 8

Which bacterial initiation factor facilitates attachment of the 30S subunit to the mRNA and may prevent the aminoacyl-tRNA from entering the wrong site on the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A) IF2 
B) IF1 
C) IF3 
D) eIF2 
E) IF4 
A) IF2 
B) IF1 
C) IF3 
D) eIF2 
E) IF4

Question 9

What enzyme is responsible for covalently linking amino acids to the 3'-end of the cognate tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) peptidyltransferase 
B) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
C) glutamine synthetase 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) ATP synthase 
A) peptidyltransferase 
B) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
C) glutamine synthetase 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) ATP synthase

Question 10

What drives the conformational shift that is required for the release of the IF2-GDP initiation factor from the prokaryotic initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis of ATP bound to IF2 
B) hydrolysis of the GTP bound to IF2 
C) binding of IF1 
D) degradation of IF3 
E) GDP condensation 
A) hydrolysis of ATP bound to IF2 
B) hydrolysis of the GTP bound to IF2 
C) binding of IF1 
D) degradation of IF3 
E) GDP condensation

Question 11

How would you describe the half-lives of rRNAs and tRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A) days or weeks long 
B) minutes long 
C) seconds long 
D) hours long 
E) years long 
A) days or weeks long 
B) minutes long 
C) seconds long 
D) hours long 
E) years long

Question 12

The _______ is located about 10 bases upstream from the initiation site. It has the consensus sequence ______ and is responsible for identifying the precise nucleotide at which ________ begins.

Accepted Answer

A) Pribnow box, TATAAT, transcription 
B) Pribnow box, TTGACA, transcription 
C) Pribnow box, TATAAT, translation 
D) Portnoy box, TATAAT, transcription 
E) Portnoy box, TATAAT, translation 
A) Pribnow box, TATAAT, transcription 
B) Pribnow box, TTGACA, transcription 
C) Pribnow box, TATAAT, translation 
D) Portnoy box, TATAAT, transcription 
E) Portnoy box, TATAAT, translation

Question 13

Which strand of the double-stranded siRNA is cut in two and then dissociates from the pre-RISC?

Accepted Answer

A) the active strand 
B) the passenger strand 
C) the siRNA strand 
D) the pedestrian strand 
E) the silencer strand 
A) the active strand 
B) the passenger strand 
C) the siRNA strand 
D) the pedestrian strand 
E) the silencer strand

Question 14

What did Beadle and Tatum use to generate mutations in their experimental organism?

Accepted Answer

A) mustard gas 
B) irradiation with ultraviolet light 
C) fluorescent dyes 
D) ethidium bromide 
E) Coomassie blue 
A) mustard gas 
B) irradiation with ultraviolet light 
C) fluorescent dyes 
D) ethidium bromide 
E) Coomassie blue

Question 15

Which of the following binds to the TATA box?

Accepted Answer

A) CTD 
B) tRNA 
C) corticosteroid binding protein 
D) TBP 
E) PBT 
A) CTD 
B) tRNA 
C) corticosteroid binding protein 
D) TBP 
E) PBT

Question 16

What is the significance of the variability of the third nucleotide in a codon?

Accepted Answer

A) Each tRNA can recognize and bind its own codon. 
B) Each tRNA can recognize and bind its own amino acid. 
C) The same tRNA can recognize more than one codon. 
D) The same tRNA can recognize more than one anticodon. 
E) The same anticodon can recognize more than one amino acid. 
A) Each tRNA can recognize and bind its own codon. 
B) Each tRNA can recognize and bind its own amino acid. 
C) The same tRNA can recognize more than one codon. 
D) The same tRNA can recognize more than one anticodon. 
E) The same anticodon can recognize more than one amino acid.

Question 17

The promoter for tRNA genes (tDNA)is located ________.

Accepted Answer

A) at the 3' end of the gene 
B) within the coding section of the gene 
C) at the 5' end of the gene 
D) far downstream of the gene 
E) far upstream of the gene 
A) at the 3' end of the gene 
B) within the coding section of the gene 
C) at the 5' end of the gene 
D) far downstream of the gene 
E) far upstream of the gene

Question 18

Pre-rRNAs have more ___________ than other RNA transcripts.

Accepted Answer

A) pseudouridine residues and thymidine residues 
B) thymidine residues and methylated nucleotides 
C) pseudouridine residues and methylated nucleotides 
D) pseudouridines and pseudocytosines 
E) methylated nucleotides and pseudocytosines 
A) pseudouridine residues and thymidine residues 
B) thymidine residues and methylated nucleotides 
C) pseudouridine residues and methylated nucleotides 
D) pseudouridines and pseudocytosines 
E) methylated nucleotides and pseudocytosines

Question 19

A small RNA encoded by the lin-4 gene was found in the nematode C. elegans. It was nearly complementary to segments in ________. These small RNAs were able to bind to the complementary mRNA, blocking its translation, which apparently triggers a transition to the next developmental stage.

Accepted Answer

A) the 3' untranslated region of specific mRNAs produced by the organism 
B) the 5' untranslated region of specific mRNAs produced by the organism 
C) the promoter of specific genes 
D) the poly(
A) tail of specific mRNAs 
E) the 5'-methylguanosine cap of the mRNA 
A) the 3' untranslated region of specific mRNAs produced by the organism 
B) the 5' untranslated region of specific mRNAs produced by the organism 
C) the promoter of specific genes 
D) the poly(
A) tail of specific mRNAs 
E) the 5'-methylguanosine cap of the mRNA

Question 20

What molecule is TFIIH known to phosphorylate?

Accepted Answer

A) a G protein 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) peptidyltransferase 
D) DNA helicase 
A) a G protein 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) peptidyltransferase 
D) DNA helicase

A larger S value (Svedberg unit)for an RNA indicates that the RNA __________.

Once the F $\sigma$ factor leaves the core enzyme, what happens?

RNA polymerase II promoters are located on the ________ side of each transcription unit.

Why does it make sense that cells would respond to the presence of dsRNAs with a mechanism such as RNAi?

It has been discovered that some mRNAs have a signal that causes the ribosome to change its reading frame by backing up or moving ahead one base. Such a sequence is called _________.

The chromosome regions containing most rDNA are gathered in __________.

Which molecule in plant cells has been linked with cell-to-cell movement of siRNA molecules?

Which bacterial initiation factor facilitates attachment of the 30S subunit to the mRNA and may prevent the aminoacyl-tRNA from entering the wrong site on the ribosome?

What enzyme is responsible for covalently linking amino acids to the 3'-end of the cognate tRNA?

What drives the conformational shift that is required for the release of the IF2-GDP initiation factor from the prokaryotic initiation complex?

How would you describe the half-lives of rRNAs and tRNAs?

The _ is located about 10 bases upstream from the initiation site. It has the consensus sequence and is responsible for identifying the precise nucleotide at which ____ begins.

Which strand of the double-stranded siRNA is cut in two and then dissociates from the pre-RISC?

What did Beadle and Tatum use to generate mutations in their experimental organism?

Which of the following binds to the TATA box?

What is the significance of the variability of the third nucleotide in a codon?

The promoter for tRNA genes (tDNA)is located ________.

Pre-rRNAs have more ___________ than other RNA transcripts.

A small RNA encoded by the lin-4 gene was found in the nematode C. elegans. It was nearly complementary to segments in ________. These small RNAs were able to bind to the complementary mRNA, blocking its translation, which apparently triggers a transition to the next developmental stage.

What molecule is TFIIH known to phosphorylate?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 11: Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

A larger S value (Svedberg unit)for an RNA indicates that the RNA __________.

Once the F σ\sigmaσ factor leaves the core enzyme, what happens?

RNA polymerase II promoters are located on the ________ side of each transcription unit.

Why does it make sense that cells would respond to the presence of dsRNAs with a mechanism such as RNAi?

It has been discovered that some mRNAs have a signal that causes the ribosome to change its reading frame by backing up or moving ahead one base. Such a sequence is called _________.

The chromosome regions containing most rDNA are gathered in __________.

Which molecule in plant cells has been linked with cell-to-cell movement of siRNA molecules?

Which bacterial initiation factor facilitates attachment of the 30S subunit to the mRNA and may prevent the aminoacyl-tRNA from entering the wrong site on the ribosome?

What enzyme is responsible for covalently linking amino acids to the 3'-end of the cognate tRNA?

What drives the conformational shift that is required for the release of the IF2-GDP initiation factor from the prokaryotic initiation complex?

How would you describe the half-lives of rRNAs and tRNAs?

The _______ is located about 10 bases upstream from the initiation site. It has the consensus sequence ______ and is responsible for identifying the precise nucleotide at which ________ begins.

Which strand of the double-stranded siRNA is cut in two and then dissociates from the pre-RISC?

What did Beadle and Tatum use to generate mutations in their experimental organism?

Which of the following binds to the TATA box?

What is the significance of the variability of the third nucleotide in a codon?

The promoter for tRNA genes (tDNA)is located ________.

Pre-rRNAs have more ___________ than other RNA transcripts.

A small RNA encoded by the lin-4 gene was found in the nematode C. elegans. It was nearly complementary to segments in ________. These small RNAs were able to bind to the complementary mRNA, blocking its translation, which apparently triggers a transition to the next developmental stage.

What molecule is TFIIH known to phosphorylate?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Once the F $\sigma$ factor leaves the core enzyme, what happens?

The _ is located about 10 bases upstream from the initiation site. It has the consensus sequence and is responsible for identifying the precise nucleotide at which ____ begins.