Exam 7: Energy Metabolism

Where does the energy needed to produce ATP come from?

The _____ promotes energy storage.

A humanitarian program to help starving children in the Sudan was able to ensure that each child over the age of 6 consumed about 300 kcal per day. All of the Calories came from complete protein sources. Most probably, the children used the protein they consumed for _____.

The substrates for gluconeogenesis include glucogenic amino acids, _____.

Which chemical reaction results in the splitting of a 6-carbon glucose molecule into two 3-carbon subunits called pyruvate?

?-oxidation takes place in all cells except brain and _____ cells.

What metabolic process is required during the fermentation process?

Heavy drinking can do all of the following except:

Chemical reactions are catalyzed by _____.

During the fasting state, the body uses _____ to produce glucose.

Lipolysis is catalyzed by a hormone-sensitive enzyme called _____.

In the process of _______________, yeast chemically breaks down sugar to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

The heavy use of alcohol interferes with the absorption and metabolism of the vitamin _____, which in turn damages nerves in the brain.

Catabolic pathways require energy to construct complex molecules from simpler ones.

The alcohol content of rum, whiskey, or vodka is expressed as its _______________.

Which of the following increase the rate at which chemical reactions occur without undergoing a change themselves?

The citric acid cycle begins with _____ and the end products include _____.

_____ pathways play important roles in storing excess energy and in synthesizing energy-yielding molecules when glucose availability is limited.

People who have kidney disease must monitor and control their consumption of protein to prevent urea from accumulating in the blood.

What are the pathways involved in the first stage of catabolism and what are the substrate and product(s) of each?