Exam 4: Social Perception

Ming is from China and Tyrone is from Canada.Both participate in an experiment in which they take a test,are given feedback and told that they did very well,and then asked to make attributions for their performance.Based on cross-cultural research on the self-serving bias,you would expect that

The actor/observer difference is the tendency to see other people's behaviour as _______,while making _______ attributions about our own behaviour.

The six major facial expressions discussed in the text are widely considered to be

Although certain facial expressions are easily encoded and decoded across the human species,display rules

The self-serving bias is likely to be the strongest in

When we make inferences about someone's personality based on what we already know about some characteristics,we are using a(n)

What kind of attributions do people most often make about others?

Nonverbal behaviours-facial expressions,tones of voice,gestures,posture,touch,adjusting physical distance-serve many useful functions in communication.Your text describes four primary uses of nonverbal behaviours.Briefly describe three.

Ross and Sicoly (1979)asked students working on a group project to report their memories for both their own contributions and the contributions of other group members.They found that students remembered their own contributions very well,but had poorer recall of other group members' contributions.Based on what you know about how culture affects the self-serving bias,what might you expect if the study was conducted in Japan?

When people commit the fundamental attribution error,they tend to

According to research presented in the text,which of the following is true regarding the ability of humans to recognize the emotional expressions of others?

Kelley's contribution to attribution theory concerns how we

Gagné and colleagues (2008)asked subjects to rate the extent to which a positive evaluation about themselves from an attractive opposite-sex person reflected that person's true opinion.The researchers also varied whether the positive evaluation was constrained (compelled by the researchers)or unconstrained (not influenced by the researchers).Which kind of attribution did most subjects make for the attractive person's evaluation in the constrained condition?

Cross cultural research has found that common attributional biases shown in the West are less common in East Asian cultures.Briefly describe TWO attributional biases for which there are cultural differences and explain the non-Western pattern shown in research.

The text presents a study by Masuda and his colleagues (2008)in which researchers compared how participants perceived a central character when the surrounding characters in a picture either matched or did not match the central character's facial expression.What were they examining in this study?

Ross and Sicoly (1979)asked students working on a group project to report their memories for both their own contributions and the contributions of other group members.They found that students remembered their own contributions very well,but had poorer recall of other group members' contributions.This study is an example of

On a visit to Australia,former President George H.W.Bush offended the Australians when he flashed the two-fingered peace sign to a crowd.This is an example of how the use of _______,which vary from culture to culture,may lead to confusion or conflict if used outside of the user's culture.

Charles Darwin's interest in _______ led him to believe that facial expressions are _______.

You are on a balcony in Hong Kong reading the morning newspaper and you notice a headline about a double murder that took place in the city overnight.A suspect is in custody.Which of the following headlines is most likely to accompany the story?

Shontel's family is hosting a Japanese exchange student,Yukiko,at their home for a year.Shontel notices that Yukiko hides her smile behind her hands.After reading Chapter 4 (Social Perception),Shontel learns that Yukiko hides her smile because