Question 1

are characteristics found in all good aquifers.

Accepted Answer

A)  High porosity and high permeability 
B)  High potability and high portability 
C)  Low porosity and low permeability 
D)  Low permeability and high potability 
A)  High porosity and high permeability 
B)  High potability and high portability 
C)  Low porosity and low permeability 
D)  Low permeability and high potability

Question 2

The direct energy causing groundwater flow from one place to the other is .

Accepted Answer

A)  solar power driving wind and evapotranspiration 
B)  surface tension and capillary forces between water molecules and mineral surfaces 
C)  gravity due to the weight of water and elevation differences 
D)  precipitation differences between localities (groundwater flows towards drier areas) 
A)  solar power driving wind and evapotranspiration 
B)  surface tension and capillary forces between water molecules and mineral surfaces 
C)  gravity due to the weight of water and elevation differences 
D)  precipitation differences between localities (groundwater flows towards drier areas)

Question 3

A perched water table develops when .

Accepted Answer

A)  an aquitard below the regional water table lies above a horizontal aquifer 
B)  an aquifer above the regional water table is overlain by a horizontal aquitard 
C)  an aquifer below the regional water table is underlain by a horizontal aquitard 
D)  a horizontal aquitard above the regional water table lies below an aquifer 
A)  an aquitard below the regional water table lies above a horizontal aquifer 
B)  an aquifer above the regional water table is overlain by a horizontal aquitard 
C)  an aquifer below the regional water table is underlain by a horizontal aquitard 
D)  a horizontal aquitard above the regional water table lies below an aquifer

Question 4

is a measure of the connectedness of pore spaces, which controls the ease (or difficulty) of groundwater transmission through a porous material.

Accepted Answer

A)  Permeosity 
B)  Portability 
C)  Permeability 
D)  Potability 
A)  Permeosity 
B)  Portability 
C)  Permeability 
D)  Potability

Question 5

Which one of the following concerning stalactites and stalagmites is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stalagmites form on the floors of caves below the water table. 
B)  Both are composed of calcium carbonate. 
C)  Both are forms of dripstone; stalactites hang from the ceiling, stalagmites grow upward from the cavern floor. 
D)  Stalactites are deposited from water dripping from the ceiling of an aerated cavern. 
A)  Stalagmites form on the floors of caves below the water table. 
B)  Both are composed of calcium carbonate. 
C)  Both are forms of dripstone; stalactites hang from the ceiling, stalagmites grow upward from the cavern floor. 
D)  Stalactites are deposited from water dripping from the ceiling of an aerated cavern.

Question 6

What geo- environmental condition did not contribute to the May 2000 Walkerton tragedy?

Accepted Answer

A)  a nearby unsealed test well 
B)  a fast delivery fractured bedrock aquifer 
C)  a shallow overburden with little filtration capacity 
D)  a buried artesian aquifer 
A)  a nearby unsealed test well 
B)  a fast delivery fractured bedrock aquifer 
C)  a shallow overburden with little filtration capacity 
D)  a buried artesian aquifer

Question 7

Which reservoir of the hydrosphere would you describe as containing the largest fraction of Earth's liquid freshwater?

Accepted Answer

A)  lakes and reservoirs 
B)  glaciers and ice sheets 
C)  groundwater 
D)  soil moisture 
A)  lakes and reservoirs 
B)  glaciers and ice sheets 
C)  groundwater 
D)  soil moisture

Question 8

Henry Darcy was .

Accepted Answer

A)  a hydrogeologist who built caissons on the floor of the Fraser River to provide the first filtered water for the city of Richmond, BC 
B)  an Oxford educated English aristocrat who studied water flow while designing canals in the Midlands for Charles II 
C)  a French engineer who studied the flow of water in pipes and filter beds to provide a municipal water supply for Dijon, France 
D)  an engineer for the Hershey Co. who studied the flow of molten chocolate through beds of crushed peanuts (and for whom the Oh Henry candy bar was named) 
A)  a hydrogeologist who built caissons on the floor of the Fraser River to provide the first filtered water for the city of Richmond, BC 
B)  an Oxford educated English aristocrat who studied water flow while designing canals in the Midlands for Charles II 
C)  a French engineer who studied the flow of water in pipes and filter beds to provide a municipal water supply for Dijon, France 
D)  an engineer for the Hershey Co. who studied the flow of molten chocolate through beds of crushed peanuts (and for whom the Oh Henry candy bar was named)

Question 9

How are travertine or silica deposits formed from boiling geysers and related hydrothermal systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  As pressures increase less mineral matter is soluble. 
B)  By introduction of cold fresh recharge water which quenches the system. 
C)  Boiling off steam forces the remaining hot solution to be saturated or supersaturated as the same mineral content is now concentrated in less water and it precipitates. 
D)  More gases enter the system once boiling starts forcing precipitation. 
A)  As pressures increase less mineral matter is soluble. 
B)  By introduction of cold fresh recharge water which quenches the system. 
C)  Boiling off steam forces the remaining hot solution to be saturated or supersaturated as the same mineral content is now concentrated in less water and it precipitates. 
D)  More gases enter the system once boiling starts forcing precipitation.

Question 10

What proportion of the world's drinking water is supplied by groundwater aquifers?

Accepted Answer

A)  25% 
B)  50% 
C)  87% 
D)  40% 
A)  25% 
B)  50% 
C)  87% 
D)  40%

Question 11

Sinkholes can form .

Accepted Answer

A)  in humid regions underlain by carbonates, salts, or gypsum 
B)  in any calcium bearing bedrock 
C)  only in limestones 
D)  only in high elevation areas with sufficient gradient to carry away dissolved materials 
A)  in humid regions underlain by carbonates, salts, or gypsum 
B)  in any calcium bearing bedrock 
C)  only in limestones 
D)  only in high elevation areas with sufficient gradient to carry away dissolved materials

Question 12

What force pushes groundwater from pore to pore below the water table?

Accepted Answer

A)  permeability steepness 
B)  surface tension 
C)  hydraulic gradient 
D)  integrated saturation impulse 
A)  permeability steepness 
B)  surface tension 
C)  hydraulic gradient 
D)  integrated saturation impulse

Question 13

A is the icicle- like speleothem that grows down from the roof of a cavern.

Accepted Answer

A)  slagmite 
B)  stalagmite 
C)  dingleberry 
D)  stalactite 
A)  slagmite 
B)  stalagmite 
C)  dingleberry 
D)  stalactite

Question 14

Given the right kind of bedrock, cave formation occurs most readily .

Accepted Answer

A)  in temperate to high latitude settings where seasonal freeze- thaw fractures the bedrock 
B)  beneath the ocean 
C)  in tropical areas with high rainfall and abundant vegetation 
D)  in arid and semi- arid regions with strongly alkaline surface waters 
A)  in temperate to high latitude settings where seasonal freeze- thaw fractures the bedrock 
B)  beneath the ocean 
C)  in tropical areas with high rainfall and abundant vegetation 
D)  in arid and semi- arid regions with strongly alkaline surface waters

Question 15

Which one of the following logically explains why parts of some cavern systems are aerated?

Accepted Answer

A)  The main water table is perched above the cavern roofs, allowing air to enter. 
B)  A nearby, downcutting stream lowered the water table after the caves had formed. 
C)  The caves formed and later the water table rose. 
D)  Streams formerly flowing on the surface were diverted into the groundwater system through sinkholes. 
A)  The main water table is perched above the cavern roofs, allowing air to enter. 
B)  A nearby, downcutting stream lowered the water table after the caves had formed. 
C)  The caves formed and later the water table rose. 
D)  Streams formerly flowing on the surface were diverted into the groundwater system through sinkholes.

Question 16

The longest known cave system in the world is with more than 540 km of passages.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mammoth Cave, Kentucky 
B)  Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico 
C)  Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico 
D)  Castleguard Cave, Alberta 
A)  Mammoth Cave, Kentucky 
B)  Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico 
C)  Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico 
D)  Castleguard Cave, Alberta

Question 17

Other than increased pressure, geysers and hot springs tend to get superheated because of dissolved mineral matter which builds deposits of as some of the water boils away leaving supersaturated brines.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcareous tufa (travertine) and siliceous sinter (geyserite) 
B)  halite and gypsum 
C)  corundum and feldspar 
D)  sponge reefs 
A)  calcareous tufa (travertine) and siliceous sinter (geyserite) 
B)  halite and gypsum 
C)  corundum and feldspar 
D)  sponge reefs

Question 18

A stream flowing into a sinkhole is called a .

Accepted Answer

disappeari

are characteristics found in all good aquifers.

The direct energy causing groundwater flow from one place to the other is .

A perched water table develops when .

is a measure of the connectedness of pore spaces, which controls the ease (or difficulty) of groundwater transmission through a porous material.

Which one of the following concerning stalactites and stalagmites is false?

What geo- environmental condition did not contribute to the May 2000 Walkerton tragedy?

Which reservoir of the hydrosphere would you describe as containing the largest fraction of Earth's liquid freshwater?

Henry Darcy was .

How are travertine or silica deposits formed from boiling geysers and related hydrothermal systems?

What proportion of the world's drinking water is supplied by groundwater aquifers?

Sinkholes can form .

What force pushes groundwater from pore to pore below the water table?

A is the icicle- like speleothem that grows down from the roof of a cavern.

Given the right kind of bedrock, cave formation occurs most readily .

Which one of the following logically explains why parts of some cavern systems are aerated?

The longest known cave system in the world is with more than 540 km of passages.

Other than increased pressure, geysers and hot springs tend to get superheated because of dissolved mineral matter which builds deposits of as some of the water boils away leaving supersaturated brines.

A stream flowing into a sinkhole is called a .

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 8: Geologic Time

are characteristics found in all good aquifers.

The direct energy causing groundwater flow from one place to the other is .

A perched water table develops when .

is a measure of the connectedness of pore spaces, which controls the ease (or difficulty) of groundwater transmission through a porous material.

Which one of the following concerning stalactites and stalagmites is false?

What geo- environmental condition did not contribute to the May 2000 Walkerton tragedy?

Which reservoir of the hydrosphere would you describe as containing the largest fraction of Earth's liquid freshwater?

Henry Darcy was .

How are travertine or silica deposits formed from boiling geysers and related hydrothermal systems?

What proportion of the world's drinking water is supplied by groundwater aquifers?

Sinkholes can form .

What force pushes groundwater from pore to pore below the water table?

A is the icicle- like speleothem that grows down from the roof of a cavern.

Given the right kind of bedrock, cave formation occurs most readily .

Which one of the following logically explains why parts of some cavern systems are aerated?

The longest known cave system in the world is with more than 540 km of passages.

Other than increased pressure, geysers and hot springs tend to get superheated because of dissolved mineral matter which builds deposits of as some of the water boils away leaving supersaturated brines.

A stream flowing into a sinkhole is called a .

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters