Exam 19: Shorelines

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Which type of microfossils have tests (hard parts) made of calcium carbonate and are useful as index fossils as well as for measuring past sea temperatures and climates since the Cretaceous?

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Which organisms were benthic (bottom dwellers) and extensively used as index fossils respectively for the Mesozoic and Lower Paleozoic?

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Consider the names of the eras in the geologic time scale. What is meant by "zoic"?

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Which two Paleozoic, geologic, time-scale periods used in the United States are combined into the Carboniferous period in Europe and elsewhere?

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An unconformity is a buried _______________.

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In radiometric dating, an unstable radioactive isotope is called_______ .

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Assume that human recorded history can be stretched back to 4600 years before the present. This is approximately what fraction of geologic time?

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Which of the following is the name of an eon in the geologic time scale?

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The name of which geologic era means "ancient life"?

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The radioactive isotopes uranium- 238, uranium- 235, and thorium- 232 eventually decay to different, stable, daughter isotopes of ____________.

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Which of the following is not a very long- lived, radioactive isotope?

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Of an original amount of radioactive parent isotope, 25% remains and 75% has decayed. How many half- lives have elapsed?

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Which geologic eon denotes the first 800 million years of Earth history?

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What kind of materials can be reliably dated by the C- 14 method?

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The study of paleontology focuses on_________ ?

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What fundamental concept states that in a horizontal sequence of conformable sedimentary strata, each higher bed is younger than the bed below it?

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How can radiometric dating yield reliable values for the ages of minerals, rocks and some fossils?

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Sandstone strata and a mass of granite are observed to be in contact. Which of the following statements concerning their relative age is geologically correct ?

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Which of the following geologic observations would not bear directly on working out the sequence of geologic events in an area?

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Pieces of one rock contained within another are called ______and give evidence that that smaller rock is ________the main body.

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