Question 1

After three replications of a single DNA molecule, what percent of the resulting molecules contain one strand of the "original" DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 percent 
B) 25 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 75 percent 
E) 100 percent 
A) 0 percent 
B) 25 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 75 percent 
E) 100 percent

Question 2

Extracts of pathogenic bacteria can transform harmless bacteria to harmful bacteria unless __________ enzymes are added to the extract.

Accepted Answer

A) protein-digesting 
B) mRNA-digesting 
C) tRNA-digesting 
D) DNA-digesting 
E) any of these 
A) protein-digesting 
B) mRNA-digesting 
C) tRNA-digesting 
D) DNA-digesting 
E) any of these

Question 3

Which of the following mammals have been successfully cloned?

Accepted Answer

A) mice and rabbits 
B) pigs and cattle 
C) goats and mules 
D) horses and cats 
E) all of these 
A) mice and rabbits 
B) pigs and cattle 
C) goats and mules 
D) horses and cats 
E) all of these

Question 4

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating

Accepted Answer

A) covalent and ionic bonds. 
B) nitrogen-containing bases. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) sugar and phosphate molecules. 
E) covalent and hydrogen bonds. 
A) covalent and ionic bonds. 
B) nitrogen-containing bases. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) sugar and phosphate molecules. 
E) covalent and hydrogen bonds.

Question 5

Johann Miescher is credited with

Accepted Answer

A) proposing DNA as the hereditary material. 
B) determining that proteins are the physical basis of inheritance. 
C) defining the laws of inheritance. 
D) discovering DNA. 
E) determining that proteins are composed of unlimited combinations of twenty amino acids. 
A) proposing DNA as the hereditary material. 
B) determining that proteins are the physical basis of inheritance. 
C) defining the laws of inheritance. 
D) discovering DNA. 
E) determining that proteins are composed of unlimited combinations of twenty amino acids.

Question 6

The primary function of DNA ligase is to

Accepted Answer

A) cut the two strands of the DNA molecule prior to replication. 
B) attach free nucleotides to the growing chain. 
C) remove bases that might be inserted incorrectly. 
D) seal new short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand. 
E) fragment old DNA that is no longer of use to the cell. 
A) cut the two strands of the DNA molecule prior to replication. 
B) attach free nucleotides to the growing chain. 
C) remove bases that might be inserted incorrectly. 
D) seal new short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand. 
E) fragment old DNA that is no longer of use to the cell.

Question 7

DNA contains __________ but NOT __________.

Accepted Answer

A) sulfur; phosphorus 
B) phosphorus; sulfur 
C) potassium; sulfur 
D) sulfur; potassium 
E) proteins; phosphorus 
A) sulfur; phosphorus 
B) phosphorus; sulfur 
C) potassium; sulfur 
D) sulfur; potassium 
E) proteins; phosphorus

Question 8

The significance of Fred Griffith's experiment in which he used two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae is that

Accepted Answer

A) pathogenic bacteria function differently in mice than in other organisms. 
B) it demonstrated that harmless bacteria can become transformed into disease-causing bacteria by some association with pathogenic bacteria. 
C) it established that pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria transformed harmless strains into killer strains. 
D) dead cells lose their genetic information. 
E) the genetic material is DNA, not protein. 
A) pathogenic bacteria function differently in mice than in other organisms. 
B) it demonstrated that harmless bacteria can become transformed into disease-causing bacteria by some association with pathogenic bacteria. 
C) it established that pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria transformed harmless strains into killer strains. 
D) dead cells lose their genetic information. 
E) the genetic material is DNA, not protein.

Question 9

Early on, researchers suspected that Dolly was physically older than her chronological age because of the results from a study of her

Accepted Answer

A) telomeres. 
B) blood. 
C) egg cells. 
D) brain tissue. 
E) teeth. 
A) telomeres. 
B) blood. 
C) egg cells. 
D) brain tissue. 
E) teeth.

Question 10

The significance of the Hershey and Chase experiments in which 32P and 35S were used is that

Accepted Answer

A) DNA labeled with 35S and proteins labeled with 32P can be traced in the course of an experiment. 
B) they demonstrated that DNA labeled with 32P is transferred from the bacteriophage to the virus. 
C) they established that proteins labeled with 35S become deactivated and unable to be transferred. 
D) they demonstrated that bacteriophages transfer their DNA, not their protein coats, into their hosts. 
E) DNA may be the hereditary material; although, bacteriophages transfer both DNA and proteins into their hosts. 
A) DNA labeled with 35S and proteins labeled with 32P can be traced in the course of an experiment. 
B) they demonstrated that DNA labeled with 32P is transferred from the bacteriophage to the virus. 
C) they established that proteins labeled with 35S become deactivated and unable to be transferred. 
D) they demonstrated that bacteriophages transfer their DNA, not their protein coats, into their hosts. 
E) DNA may be the hereditary material; although, bacteriophages transfer both DNA and proteins into their hosts.

Question 11

DNA polymerases

Accepted Answer

A) are enzymes. 
B) add new nucleotides to a strand. 
C) catalyze hydrogen bonding. 
D) assemble new strands in a specific direction. 
E) are all of these. 
A) are enzymes. 
B) add new nucleotides to a strand. 
C) catalyze hydrogen bonding. 
D) assemble new strands in a specific direction. 
E) are all of these.

Question 12

The building blocks of nucleic acids are

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids. 
B) nucleotides. 
C) pentose sugars. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) nitrogenous bases. 
A) amino acids. 
B) nucleotides. 
C) pentose sugars. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) nitrogenous bases.

Question 13

Dolly developed an infection in her lungs and was euthanized at the age of about

Accepted Answer

A) two months. 
B) two years. 
C) three years. 
D) six years. 
E) nine years. 
A) two months. 
B) two years. 
C) three years. 
D) six years. 
E) nine years.

Question 14

The experiments of which of the following researchers clearly distinguished DNA and NOT protein as the hereditary material?

Accepted Answer

A) Pauling 
B) Hershey and Chase 
C) Griffith 
D) Watson and Crick 
E) Avery 
A) Pauling 
B) Hershey and Chase 
C) Griffith 
D) Watson and Crick 
E) Avery

Question 15

Which of the following is determined about DNA from X-ray diffraction data?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is uniform in diameter. 
B) DNA is long and narrow. 
C) Part of the DNA molecule repeats itself often. 
D) The DNA molecule is spiraled. 
E) All of these are determined. 
A) DNA is uniform in diameter. 
B) DNA is long and narrow. 
C) Part of the DNA molecule repeats itself often. 
D) The DNA molecule is spiraled. 
E) All of these are determined.

Question 16

Sheep do not normally show symptoms of age until they are about ten years old.Dolly showed symptoms of arthritis at

Accepted Answer

A) one month. 
B) one year. 
C) two years. 
D) five years. 
E) eight years. 
A) one month. 
B) one year. 
C) two years. 
D) five years. 
E) eight years.

Question 17

DNA contains all of the following nitrogen-containing bases EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) adenine. 
B) uracil. 
C) guanine. 
D) thymine. 
A) adenine. 
B) uracil. 
C) guanine. 
D) thymine.

Question 18

If a mixture of bacteriophages, some labeled with radioactive sulfur and others labeled with radioactive phosphorus, is placed in a bacterial culture, the bacteria will eventually contain

Accepted Answer

A) radioactive sulfur. 
B) radioactive phosphorus. 
C) both radioactive sulfur and phosphorus. 
D) neither radioactive sulfur nor radioactive phosphorus. 
E) complete viruses with radioactive sulfur coats. 
A) radioactive sulfur. 
B) radioactive phosphorus. 
C) both radioactive sulfur and phosphorus. 
D) neither radioactive sulfur nor radioactive phosphorus. 
E) complete viruses with radioactive sulfur coats.

Question 19

Adenine and guanine are

Accepted Answer

A) double-ringed purines. 
B) single-ringed purines. 
C) double-ringed pyrimidines. 
D) single-ringed pyrimidines. 
E) nucleotides. 
A) double-ringed purines. 
B) single-ringed purines. 
C) double-ringed pyrimidines. 
D) single-ringed pyrimidines. 
E) nucleotides.

Question 20

The function of helicase enzymes is to

Accepted Answer

A) break hydrogen bonds and unwind the two strands of the DNA molecule prior to replication. 
B) rewind the two DNA molecules after replication. 
C) remove bases that might have been inserted incorrectly. 
D) seal new short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand. 
E) fragment old DNA that is no longer of use to the cell. 
A) break hydrogen bonds and unwind the two strands of the DNA molecule prior to replication. 
B) rewind the two DNA molecules after replication. 
C) remove bases that might have been inserted incorrectly. 
D) seal new short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand. 
E) fragment old DNA that is no longer of use to the cell.

Exam 13: Dna Structure and Function

After three replications of a single DNA molecule, what percent of the resulting molecules contain one strand of the "original" DNA?

Extracts of pathogenic bacteria can transform harmless bacteria to harmful bacteria unless __________ enzymes are added to the extract.

Which of the following mammals have been successfully cloned?

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating

Johann Miescher is credited with

The primary function of DNA ligase is to

DNA contains __________ but NOT __________.

The significance of Fred Griffith's experiment in which he used two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae is that

Early on, researchers suspected that Dolly was physically older than her chronological age because of the results from a study of her

The significance of the Hershey and Chase experiments in which 32P and 35S were used is that

DNA polymerases

The building blocks of nucleic acids are

Dolly developed an infection in her lungs and was euthanized at the age of about

The experiments of which of the following researchers clearly distinguished DNA and NOT protein as the hereditary material?

Which of the following is determined about DNA from X-ray diffraction data?

Sheep do not normally show symptoms of age until they are about ten years old.Dolly showed symptoms of arthritis at

DNA contains all of the following nitrogen-containing bases EXCEPT

If a mixture of bacteriophages, some labeled with radioactive sulfur and others labeled with radioactive phosphorus, is placed in a bacterial culture, the bacteria will eventually contain

Adenine and guanine are

The function of helicase enzymes is to

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

DNA contains but NOT .

The significance of the Hershey and Chase experiments in which ³²P and ³⁵S were used is that