Question 1

Balanced polymorphism is a type of

Accepted Answer

A) disruptive selection. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) directional selection. 
D) reproductive isolation. 
E) stabilizing selection. 
A) disruptive selection. 
B) sexual selection. 
C) directional selection. 
D) reproductive isolation. 
E) stabilizing selection.

Question 2

The situation in which an embryo produced as a result of a mating between individuals of different species is incompatible with the mother and is subsequently aborted is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) temporal isolation. 
B) hybrid inviability. 
C) mechanical isolation. 
D) gametic mortality. 
E) behavioral isolation. 
A) temporal isolation. 
B) hybrid inviability. 
C) mechanical isolation. 
D) gametic mortality. 
E) behavioral isolation.

Question 3

In the text example, the change in moth populations from predominantly light- to dark-winged forms was the result of

Accepted Answer

A) environmental changes. 
B) natural selection. 
C) food choices by predators. 
D) the ability of birds to find the prey. 
E) all of these. 
A) environmental changes. 
B) natural selection. 
C) food choices by predators. 
D) the ability of birds to find the prey. 
E) all of these.

Question 4

When a population goes through a bottleneck,

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift is likely to occur. 
B) mutation rates increase. 
C) extinction rates decrease. 
D) natural selection decreases in intensity. 
E) inbreeding decreases. 
A) genetic drift is likely to occur. 
B) mutation rates increase. 
C) extinction rates decrease. 
D) natural selection decreases in intensity. 
E) inbreeding decreases.

Question 5

In the above figure which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Enough change in the dark blue phenotype is seen to suggest that the population is evolving. 
B) The light color phenotype is being selected for by songbird predation. 
C) Differential reproductive rate is having an effect on evolution. 
D) There is no evidence to support observable evolution within this population. 
E) All of these are true. 
A) Enough change in the dark blue phenotype is seen to suggest that the population is evolving. 
B) The light color phenotype is being selected for by songbird predation. 
C) Differential reproductive rate is having an effect on evolution. 
D) There is no evidence to support observable evolution within this population. 
E) All of these are true.

Question 6

Members of two different bird species mate and produce viable, fertile offspring.Members of neither parent species recognize the courtship song of the hybrids.The hybrids are subject to

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical isolation. 
B) gamete mortality. 
C) behavioral isolation. 
D) ecological isolation. 
E) hybrid inviability. 
A) mechanical isolation. 
B) gamete mortality. 
C) behavioral isolation. 
D) ecological isolation. 
E) hybrid inviability.

Question 7

Whether a geographic barrier can block gene flow depends on an organism's

Accepted Answer

A) means of travel. 
B) means of gamete dispersalspeed of travel. 
C) inclination to disperse. 
D) range of travel. 
E) A and B are both correct. 
A) means of travel. 
B) means of gamete dispersalspeed of travel. 
C) inclination to disperse. 
D) range of travel. 
E) A and B are both correct.

Question 8

Rita Covas and colleagues found evidence of stabilizing selection in African sociable weaver birds.Their field studies indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) fat birds escape predators better than lean birds. 
B) fat birds are less attractive to predators. 
C) lean birds are more likely to starve. 
D) good nesting sites are abundant. 
E) each bird constructs its own nest. 
A) fat birds escape predators better than lean birds. 
B) fat birds are less attractive to predators. 
C) lean birds are more likely to starve. 
D) good nesting sites are abundant. 
E) each bird constructs its own nest.

Question 9

According to Ernst Mayr, a species consists of individuals that are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they are in one or more groups. 
B) they produce fertile offspring. 
C) they are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D) they are similar in appearance. 
E) they interbreed. 
A) they are in one or more groups. 
B) they produce fertile offspring. 
C) they are reproductively isolated from other groups. 
D) they are similar in appearance. 
E) they interbreed.

Question 10

If the frequency of the recessive allele is 30 percent, the frequency of the heterozygous carrier is what percent?

Accepted Answer

A) 42 
B) 9 
C) 27 
D) 60 
E) 80 
A) 42 
B) 9 
C) 27 
D) 60 
E) 80

Question 11

The type of reproductive isolation exhibited by 13-year and 17-year cicadas is

Accepted Answer

A) spatial. 
B) behavioral. 
C) mechanical. 
D) temporal. 
E) ecological. 
A) spatial. 
B) behavioral. 
C) mechanical. 
D) temporal. 
E) ecological.

Question 12

All EXCEPT which of the following events shuffles existing alleles into different combinations in sexually reproducing organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) changes in chromosome number 
B) mutation 
C) independent assortment of chromosomes 
D) crossing over 
E) fertilization 
A) changes in chromosome number 
B) mutation 
C) independent assortment of chromosomes 
D) crossing over 
E) fertilization

Question 13

Directional selection is demonstrated in

Accepted Answer

A) the color of peppered moths in England. 
B) the development of resistance to insecticides. 
C) the development of resistance to antibiotics. 
D) the coat color of rock pocket mice in Arizona. 
E) all of these. 
A) the color of peppered moths in England. 
B) the development of resistance to insecticides. 
C) the development of resistance to antibiotics. 
D) the coat color of rock pocket mice in Arizona. 
E) all of these.

Question 14

Populations of the peppered moth provide an example of __________ selection.

Accepted Answer

A) kin 
B) disruptive 
C) directional 
D) stabilizing 
E) artificial 
A) kin 
B) disruptive 
C) directional 
D) stabilizing 
E) artificial

Question 15

Island populations do NOT exhibit which of the following when compared to the mainland populations from which they are derived?

Accepted Answer

A) greater variability 
B) greater extinction rates 
C) fewer heterozygous loci 
D) large chance fluctuations in allele frequencies 
E) less genetic drift 
A) greater variability 
B) greater extinction rates 
C) fewer heterozygous loci 
D) large chance fluctuations in allele frequencies 
E) less genetic drift

Question 16

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the term q2 refers to the frequency of

Accepted Answer

A) a recessive allele of a given locus. 
B) the homozygous recessive genotype at a given locus. 
C) recessive alleles in a population. 
D) heterozygotes in a population. 
E) alleles in the gene pool. 
A) a recessive allele of a given locus. 
B) the homozygous recessive genotype at a given locus. 
C) recessive alleles in a population. 
D) heterozygotes in a population. 
E) alleles in the gene pool.

Question 17

Introduction of previously nonexistent genes into a population may be accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A) nonrandom mating. 
B) mutation. 
C) sexual recombination. 
D) the founder effect. 
E) changes in chromosome structure. 
A) nonrandom mating. 
B) mutation. 
C) sexual recombination. 
D) the founder effect. 
E) changes in chromosome structure.

Question 18

Which is NOT necessary for sympatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A) organisms living together in the same location 
B) a common home range 
C) geographic barriers 
D) existing interbreeding population 
E) reproductively mature individuals 
A) organisms living together in the same location 
B) a common home range 
C) geographic barriers 
D) existing interbreeding population 
E) reproductively mature individuals

Question 19

The Hardy-Weinberg rule is

Accepted Answer

A) useful in determining the extent to which a sexually reproducing population is evolving. 
B) used to predict when genetic drift will occur in a sexually reproducing population. 
C) useful in determining the extent to which polyploidy is occurring in specific plant populations. 
D) used to predict when specific groups of organisms will become extinct. 
E) all of these. 
A) useful in determining the extent to which a sexually reproducing population is evolving. 
B) used to predict when genetic drift will occur in a sexually reproducing population. 
C) useful in determining the extent to which polyploidy is occurring in specific plant populations. 
D) used to predict when specific groups of organisms will become extinct. 
E) all of these.

Question 20

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

A) temporal 
B) mechanical 
C) behavioral 
D) ecological 
E) polyploidal 
A) temporal 
B) mechanical 
C) behavioral 
D) ecological 
E) polyploidal

Exam 18: Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Balanced polymorphism is a type of

The situation in which an embryo produced as a result of a mating between individuals of different species is incompatible with the mother and is subsequently aborted is an example of

In the text example, the change in moth populations from predominantly light- to dark-winged forms was the result of

When a population goes through a bottleneck,

In the above figure which of the following is true?

Members of two different bird species mate and produce viable, fertile offspring.Members of neither parent species recognize the courtship song of the hybrids.The hybrids are subject to

Whether a geographic barrier can block gene flow depends on an organism's

Rita Covas and colleagues found evidence of stabilizing selection in African sociable weaver birds.Their field studies indicate that

According to Ernst Mayr, a species consists of individuals that are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

If the frequency of the recessive allele is 30 percent, the frequency of the heterozygous carrier is what percent?

The type of reproductive isolation exhibited by 13-year and 17-year cicadas is

All EXCEPT which of the following events shuffles existing alleles into different combinations in sexually reproducing organisms?

Directional selection is demonstrated in

Populations of the peppered moth provide an example of __________ selection.

Island populations do NOT exhibit which of the following when compared to the mainland populations from which they are derived?

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the term q2 refers to the frequency of

Introduction of previously nonexistent genes into a population may be accomplished by

Which is NOT necessary for sympatric speciation?

The Hardy-Weinberg rule is

What is the type of speciation that can occur in an instant with a change in chromosome number?

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the term q² refers to the frequency of