Question 1

The above figure represents

Accepted Answer

A) membrane attack complex; pores in bacterial cell 
B) macrophage attack complex; fluids released from pores 
C) pores for mucus secretion ciliated lung tissue 
D) macrophages; muscle tissue 
E) none of these 
A) membrane attack complex; pores in bacterial cell 
B) macrophage attack complex; fluids released from pores 
C) pores for mucus secretion ciliated lung tissue 
D) macrophages; muscle tissue 
E) none of these

Question 2

The adaptive immune response may be described as all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) specific. 
B) essential. 
C) responsive. 
D) generalized. 
E) effective. 
A) specific. 
B) essential. 
C) responsive. 
D) generalized. 
E) effective.

Question 3

The complement system

Accepted Answer

A) includes a group of about 30 plasma proteins. 
B) induces a cascade of proteins that counteract invasion by coating the invading cells. 
C) attracts phagocytic leukocytes to attack invading cells. 
D) causes the lysis of the plasma membranes of invading cells. 
E) does all of these. 
A) includes a group of about 30 plasma proteins. 
B) induces a cascade of proteins that counteract invasion by coating the invading cells. 
C) attracts phagocytic leukocytes to attack invading cells. 
D) causes the lysis of the plasma membranes of invading cells. 
E) does all of these.

Question 4

The first response in adaptive immunity is

Accepted Answer

A) the production of white blood cells. 
B) the production of complement. 
C) the production of interferon. 
D) inflammation. 
E) wound healing. 
A) the production of white blood cells. 
B) the production of complement. 
C) the production of interferon. 
D) inflammation. 
E) wound healing.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT involved in periodontitis?

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic bacteria 
B) Streptococcus mutans 
C) a host of bacterial fermenters 
D) organic acids 
E) inflammation 
A) aerobic bacteria 
B) Streptococcus mutans 
C) a host of bacterial fermenters 
D) organic acids 
E) inflammation

Question 6

Whenever the body is exposed to an allergen, the IgE antibodies cause

Accepted Answer

A) the production of prostaglandins and histamine. 
B) the release of antihistamines. 
C) the suppression of the inflammatory response. 
D) the production of clonal cells. 
E) all of these. 
A) the production of prostaglandins and histamine. 
B) the release of antihistamines. 
C) the suppression of the inflammatory response. 
D) the production of clonal cells. 
E) all of these.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true about complement proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) They are a component of the innate immune responses. 
B) They take part in the adaptive immune responses. 
C) They engulf pathogens. 
D) They assemble into attack complexes. 
E) They attract phagocytic cells. 
A) They are a component of the innate immune responses. 
B) They take part in the adaptive immune responses. 
C) They engulf pathogens. 
D) They assemble into attack complexes. 
E) They attract phagocytic cells.

Question 8

B cells operate like __________, while cytotoxic T cells act like __________.

Accepted Answer

A) spies; informers 
B) assassins; combat experts 
C) ninjas; assassins 
D) informers, ninjas 
E) assassins; spies 
A) spies; informers 
B) assassins; combat experts 
C) ninjas; assassins 
D) informers, ninjas 
E) assassins; spies

Question 9

The first vaccinated organism was a

Accepted Answer

A) cow. 
B) rat. 
C) young boy. 
D) mouse. 
E) dog. 
A) cow. 
B) rat. 
C) young boy. 
D) mouse. 
E) dog.

Question 10

The human immunodeficiency virus first attacks

Accepted Answer

A) helper T cells. 
B) B cells. 
C) dendritic cells. 
D) cytotoxic T cells. 
E) macrophages. 
A) helper T cells. 
B) B cells. 
C) dendritic cells. 
D) cytotoxic T cells. 
E) macrophages.

Question 11

White blood cells seen engulfing large numbers of bacterial cells are most likely

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophils. 
B) macrophages. 
C) mast cells. 
D) eosinophils. 
E) lymphocytes. 
A) neutrophils. 
B) macrophages. 
C) mast cells. 
D) eosinophils. 
E) lymphocytes.

Question 12

The white blood cells that are central to adaptive immunity are types of

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophils. 
B) macrophages. 
C) mast cells. 
D) eosinophils. 
E) lymphocytes. 
A) neutrophils. 
B) macrophages. 
C) mast cells. 
D) eosinophils. 
E) lymphocytes.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT involved in self versus nonself recognition?

Accepted Answer

A) complement 
B) MHC markers 
C) TCRs 
D) plasma membranes 
E) HLA 
A) complement 
B) MHC markers 
C) TCRs 
D) plasma membranes 
E) HLA

Question 14

The cell-mediated response

Accepted Answer

A) involves helper T cells. 
B) involves the action of antibodies to destroy invaders. 
C) acts only on extracellular pathogens. 
D) results in the production of clones of B cells. 
E) includes all of these. 
A) involves helper T cells. 
B) involves the action of antibodies to destroy invaders. 
C) acts only on extracellular pathogens. 
D) results in the production of clones of B cells. 
E) includes all of these.

Question 15

Compared to adaptive immunity, innate immunity has a(n) __________ response time, is triggered by __________, and has __________persistence.

Accepted Answer

A) slow; pathogens; long-term 
B) immediate; tissue damage; no 
C) slow; tissue damage; long-term 
D) slow; pathogens; no 
E) immediate; pathogens; long-term 
A) slow; pathogens; long-term 
B) immediate; tissue damage; no 
C) slow; tissue damage; long-term 
D) slow; pathogens; no 
E) immediate; pathogens; long-term

Question 16

Effector cells

Accepted Answer

A) are fully differentiated lymphocytes. 
B) manufacture and secrete antibodies. 
C) can develop from either T or B cells. 
D) secrete antibodies or interleukins depending on their origin. 
E) include all of these descriptions. 
A) are fully differentiated lymphocytes. 
B) manufacture and secrete antibodies. 
C) can develop from either T or B cells. 
D) secrete antibodies or interleukins depending on their origin. 
E) include all of these descriptions.

Question 17

Which system involves plasma proteins activated when an organism's pattern receptors become bound to anything?

Accepted Answer

A) cytokine 
B) complement 
C) suppressor 
D) enhancer 
E) coagulation 
A) cytokine 
B) complement 
C) suppressor 
D) enhancer 
E) coagulation

Question 18

The word "vaccination" comes from the Latin word for

Accepted Answer

A) germ. 
B) cowpox. 
C) chicken. 
D) rabbit. 
E) rat. 
A) germ. 
B) cowpox. 
C) chicken. 
D) rabbit. 
E) rat.

Question 19

Most organ transplants fail because

Accepted Answer

A) of poor vascular connection between host and donor tissue. 
B) the migrating leukocytes attack the tissue adjacent to the transplant. 
C) cytotoxic T cells enter the transplant through the connecting blood vessels and kill the individual transplant tissue. 
D) introduced tissues produce antibodies that cause a massive reaction. 
E) of all of these. 
A) of poor vascular connection between host and donor tissue. 
B) the migrating leukocytes attack the tissue adjacent to the transplant. 
C) cytotoxic T cells enter the transplant through the connecting blood vessels and kill the individual transplant tissue. 
D) introduced tissues produce antibodies that cause a massive reaction. 
E) of all of these.

Question 20

Which antibody is the main immunoglobulin in exocrine secretions?

Accepted Answer

A) IgG 
B) IgA 
C) IgD 
D) IgM 
E) IgE 
A) IgG 
B) IgA 
C) IgD 
D) IgM 
E) IgE

Exam 38: Immunity

The above figure represents

The adaptive immune response may be described as all of the following EXCEPT

The complement system

The first response in adaptive immunity is

Which of the following is NOT involved in periodontitis?

Whenever the body is exposed to an allergen, the IgE antibodies cause

Which of the following is NOT true about complement proteins?

B cells operate like __________, while cytotoxic T cells act like __________.

The first vaccinated organism was a

The human immunodeficiency virus first attacks

White blood cells seen engulfing large numbers of bacterial cells are most likely

The white blood cells that are central to adaptive immunity are types of

Which of the following is NOT involved in self versus nonself recognition?

The cell-mediated response

Compared to adaptive immunity, innate immunity has a(n) __________ response time, is triggered by __________, and has __________persistence.

Effector cells

Which system involves plasma proteins activated when an organism's pattern receptors become bound to anything?

The word "vaccination" comes from the Latin word for

Most organ transplants fail because

Which antibody is the main immunoglobulin in exocrine secretions?

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

B cells operate like , while cytotoxic T cells act like .

Compared to adaptive immunity, innate immunity has a(n) response time, is triggered by , and has __persistence.