Question 1

The direction of blood flow is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E.

Question 2

A(n) __________ in the pH of cerebrospinal fluid is detected by __________ chemoreceptors, which trigger a(n) __________ in the rate and depth of breathing.

Accepted Answer

A) increase; peripheral; increase 
B) decrease; central; decrease 
C) increase; central; decrease 
D) decrease; central; increase 
E) decrease; peripheral; increase 
A) increase; peripheral; increase 
B) decrease; central; decrease 
C) increase; central; decrease 
D) decrease; central; increase 
E) decrease; peripheral; increase

Question 3

Carbonic anhydrase

Accepted Answer

A) combines with water to form carbonic acid. 
B) dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. 
C) is normally found in red blood cells. 
D) is responsible for maintaining the high levels of carbon dioxide in the lungs and the low levels of carbon dioxide in the body tissues. 
E) includes all of these descriptions. 
A) combines with water to form carbonic acid. 
B) dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. 
C) is normally found in red blood cells. 
D) is responsible for maintaining the high levels of carbon dioxide in the lungs and the low levels of carbon dioxide in the body tissues. 
E) includes all of these descriptions.

Question 4

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is four molecules for each __________ molecules of air.

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 1,000 
C) 10,000 
D) 100,000 
E) 1,000,000 
A) 100 
B) 1,000 
C) 10,000 
D) 100,000 
E) 1,000,000

Question 5

Oxygen moves from alveoli to the bloodstream

Accepted Answer

A) because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood. 
B) mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells. 
C) because of its attraction to hemoglobin. 
D) to counter the high concentration of CO2 in the blood. 
E) because of all of these. 
A) because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood. 
B) mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells. 
C) because of its attraction to hemoglobin. 
D) to counter the high concentration of CO2 in the blood. 
E) because of all of these.

Question 6

What is the proper sequence in the flow of air in mammals?

Accepted Answer

A) nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, bronchi, trachea 
B) nasal cavities, pharynx, bronchi, larynx, trachea 
C) nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi 
D) nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi 
E) nasal cavities, bronchi, larynx, trachea, pharynx 
A) nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, bronchi, trachea 
B) nasal cavities, pharynx, bronchi, larynx, trachea 
C) nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi 
D) nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi 
E) nasal cavities, bronchi, larynx, trachea, pharynx

Question 7

The last structure that air moves through in mammals before entering the alveoli is (are) the

Accepted Answer

A) larynx. 
B) bronchi. 
C) bronchioles. 
D) trachea. 
E) pharynx. 
A) larynx. 
B) bronchi. 
C) bronchioles. 
D) trachea. 
E) pharynx.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an effect of smoking just a single cigarette?

Accepted Answer

A) The cilia of cells lining airways accelerate their removal of airborne pathogens and pollutants. 
B) Patrolling white blood cells are killed. 
C) Debris begins to clog airways. 
D) Biofilms of pathogens begin to build up. 
E) Susceptibility to disease is increased. 
A) The cilia of cells lining airways accelerate their removal of airborne pathogens and pollutants. 
B) Patrolling white blood cells are killed. 
C) Debris begins to clog airways. 
D) Biofilms of pathogens begin to build up. 
E) Susceptibility to disease is increased.

Question 9

Which of the following is (are) characteristic of some amphibians?

Accepted Answer

A) gills 
B) integumentary exchange 
C) lungs for oxygen uptake 
D) skin for carbon dioxide removal 
E) all of these 
A) gills 
B) integumentary exchange 
C) lungs for oxygen uptake 
D) skin for carbon dioxide removal 
E) all of these

Question 10

The maximum amount of air that can be taken into the lungs in a single deep breath is the

Accepted Answer

A) vital capacity. 
B) tidal volume. 
C) total lung capacity. 
D) alveolar volume. 
E) inspirational capacity. 
A) vital capacity. 
B) tidal volume. 
C) total lung capacity. 
D) alveolar volume. 
E) inspirational capacity.

Question 11

Cancer(s) of which of the following is (are) associated with chronic smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) larynx 
B) esophagus 
C) pancreas 
D) bladder 
E) all of these 
A) larynx 
B) esophagus 
C) pancreas 
D) bladder 
E) all of these

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function associated in some way with the human respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A) sense of smell 
B) speech 
C) blood flow in veins 
D) white blood cell formation 
E) temperature maintenance 
A) sense of smell 
B) speech 
C) blood flow in veins 
D) white blood cell formation 
E) temperature maintenance

Question 13

"Rapture of the deep" is caused by excessive __________ in the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) H2O 
C) CO2 
D) CO 
E) N2 
A) O2 
B) H2O 
C) CO2 
D) CO 
E) N2

Question 14

The main cause of emphysema is

Accepted Answer

A) a genetic predisposition. 
B) exposure to chemicals in the workplace. 
C) recurring respiratory infections. 
D) long-term smoking. 
E) poor diet. 
A) a genetic predisposition. 
B) exposure to chemicals in the workplace. 
C) recurring respiratory infections. 
D) long-term smoking. 
E) poor diet.

Question 15

All gills

Accepted Answer

A) consist of overlapping rows of filaments. 
B) are external. 
C) are paired. 
D) are associated with a blood transport system. 
E) fit all of these descriptions. 
A) consist of overlapping rows of filaments. 
B) are external. 
C) are paired. 
D) are associated with a blood transport system. 
E) fit all of these descriptions.

Question 16

Most adolescents begin smoking

Accepted Answer

A) because of its stimulatory effects. 
B) because it makes them look sophisticated. 
C) due to the influence of celebrities. 
D) to defy their parents. 
E) as a result of social pressures. 
A) because of its stimulatory effects. 
B) because it makes them look sophisticated. 
C) due to the influence of celebrities. 
D) to defy their parents. 
E) as a result of social pressures.

Question 17

The exchange of gases in the human lungs occurs through the

Accepted Answer

A) bronchi. 
B) alveoli. 
C) bronchioles. 
D) tracheas. 
E) glottis. 
A) bronchi. 
B) alveoli. 
C) bronchioles. 
D) tracheas. 
E) glottis.

Question 18

There are an estimated __________ deaths per year in the United States from lung cancer among nonsmokers who associate with smokers.

Accepted Answer

A) 1,000 
B) 1,500 
C) 2,000 
D) 2,500 
E) 3,000 
A) 1,000 
B) 1,500 
C) 2,000 
D) 2,500 
E) 3,000

Question 19

Which of the following is false regarding small-bodied invertebrates of aquatic or continually moist environments?

Accepted Answer

A) They have the simplest forms of respiration. 
B) Gases diffuse across the body surface coverings. 
C) They do not have specialized oxygen-transporting cells. 
D) They depend on integumentary exchange for respiration. 
E) None of these are false. 
A) They have the simplest forms of respiration. 
B) Gases diffuse across the body surface coverings. 
C) They do not have specialized oxygen-transporting cells. 
D) They depend on integumentary exchange for respiration. 
E) None of these are false.

Question 20

Globally, cigarette smoking kills four million people annually.That number is expected to increase to _____ million by 2030.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) 150 
E) 250 
A) 10 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) 150 
E) 250

Exam 39: Respiration

The direction of blood flow is indicated by

A(n) __________ in the pH of cerebrospinal fluid is detected by __________ chemoreceptors, which trigger a(n) __________ in the rate and depth of breathing.

Carbonic anhydrase

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is four molecules for each __________ molecules of air.

Oxygen moves from alveoli to the bloodstream

What is the proper sequence in the flow of air in mammals?

The last structure that air moves through in mammals before entering the alveoli is (are) the

Which of the following is NOT an effect of smoking just a single cigarette?

Which of the following is (are) characteristic of some amphibians?

The maximum amount of air that can be taken into the lungs in a single deep breath is the

Cancer(s) of which of the following is (are) associated with chronic smoking?

Which of the following is NOT a function associated in some way with the human respiratory system?

"Rapture of the deep" is caused by excessive __________ in the interstitial fluid.

The main cause of emphysema is

All gills

Most adolescents begin smoking

The exchange of gases in the human lungs occurs through the

There are an estimated __________ deaths per year in the United States from lung cancer among nonsmokers who associate with smokers.

Which of the following is false regarding small-bodied invertebrates of aquatic or continually moist environments?

Globally, cigarette smoking kills four million people annually.That number is expected to increase to _____ million by 2030.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

A(n) in the pH of cerebrospinal fluid is detected by chemoreceptors, which trigger a(n) __ in the rate and depth of breathing.