Exam 10: The Muscular System

How can a lever system work at a mechanical disadvantage but still be of use to us?

The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest tendon in the body.

Which of the following muscles fixes and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

__________is a powerful forearm extensor at the elbow joint.

Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators.

Muscles that help to maintain posture are best described as synergists.

A wide receiver for a college football team pulled a hamstring muscle. What muscles could be affected and what would the effect be?

The quadriceps femoris is composed of three "vastus" muscles and the__________ .

The__________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during chewing.

Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.

The soleus is an antagonist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.

What is the major factor controlling how levers work?

In emphysema, the lungs become overdistended with trapped air, which increases the effort required for breathing. Describe the muscles involved when breathing becomes a forced process, such as a patient who has emphysema.

Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?

How does an antagonist differ from a prime mover (agonist)? How is it the same?

Damage to the ischiocavernosus muscle would have what effect?

The__________ is the main chewing muscle.

In general, a muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces__________ .

Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.