Question 1

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the _ _.

Accepted Answer

A)  scala media 
B)  otoliths 
C)  spiral organ (of Corti) 
D)  cupula 
A)  scala media 
B)  otoliths 
C)  spiral organ (of Corti) 
D)  cupula

Question 2

Which of the following could NOT be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope?

Accepted Answer

A)  fovea centralis 
B)  optic disc 
C)  macula lutea 
D)  optic chiasma 
A)  fovea centralis 
B)  optic disc 
C)  macula lutea 
D)  optic chiasma

Question 3

Sour taste receptors are stimulated by hydrogen ions of acidic food substances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The elasticity of the lens decreases with age. This leads to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  less accommodation of the lenses and difficulty focusing on nearby objects 
B)  lowered accommodation of the pupillary reflex and blurry vision 
C)  less light getting to the retina and diminished visual acuity 
D)  a clouding of the lenses known as a cataract 
A)  less accommodation of the lenses and difficulty focusing on nearby objects 
B)  lowered accommodation of the pupillary reflex and blurry vision 
C)  less light getting to the retina and diminished visual acuity 
D)  a clouding of the lenses known as a cataract

Question 5

A patient has a loss of hearing in only one ear. Which of the following is likely to be a result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient will have increased sensitivity to sound in the unaffected ear. 
B)  The patient will not be able to localize the origin of sounds. 
C)  The patient will not be able to track objects with the eye on the same side as the hearing loss. 
D)  The patient will have a loss of balance with dizziness and vertigo. 
A)  The patient will have increased sensitivity to sound in the unaffected ear. 
B)  The patient will not be able to localize the origin of sounds. 
C)  The patient will not be able to track objects with the eye on the same side as the hearing loss. 
D)  The patient will have a loss of balance with dizziness and vertigo.

Question 6

Describe the process of light and dark adaptation and include the role of the rods and cones.

Accepted Answer

Rods respond to low-intensity light that

Question 7

Fusing of the ossicles (otosclerosis) results in .

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorineural deafness 
B)  conduction deafness 
C)  Ménière's Syndrome 
D)  tinnitus 
A)  sensorineural deafness 
B)  conduction deafness 
C)  Ménière's Syndrome 
D)  tinnitus

Question 8

Humans can see several thousand shades of color but have cone photoreceptors that are sensitive to only three (perhaps four) wavelengths of light. What is the best explanation for why we see so many colors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Color perception is dependent on the millions of rods as well as cone photoreceptors. 
B)  Shades of color are purely psychological and learned by association with age, infants only seeing in black and white. 
C)  Colors are added and enhanced in the primary visual cortex of the brain. 
D)  Color perception is achieved by activation of various combinations between the three cone types. 
A)  Color perception is dependent on the millions of rods as well as cone photoreceptors. 
B)  Shades of color are purely psychological and learned by association with age, infants only seeing in black and white. 
C)  Colors are added and enhanced in the primary visual cortex of the brain. 
D)  Color perception is achieved by activation of various combinations between the three cone types.

Question 9

The blind spot of the eye is caused by _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  an absence of photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye 
B)  an absence of cones in the foveae 
C)  more rods than cones within the retina 
D)  the macula lutea interrupts the nerve pathway 
A)  an absence of photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye 
B)  an absence of cones in the foveae 
C)  more rods than cones within the retina 
D)  the macula lutea interrupts the nerve pathway

Question 10

Hair cells in the spiral organ of the ear are never replaced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Theoretically, an individual born without a middle ear would be able to hear by bone conduction with a hearing aid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following describes a response of the eye to sympathetic stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  pupil dilation 
B)  ciliary muscle relaxation 
C)  pupil constriction 
D)  ciliary muscle contraction 
A)  pupil dilation 
B)  ciliary muscle relaxation 
C)  pupil constriction 
D)  ciliary muscle contraction

Question 13

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the .

Accepted Answer

A)  amacrine cells 
B)  rods and cones 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  bipolar cells 
A)  amacrine cells 
B)  rods and cones 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  bipolar cells

Question 14

Humans can smell as many as 10,000 different odors but have significantly fewer types of olfactory receptors. Which of the following is the best explanation for why humans can distinguish so many smells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taste receptors that are active at the same time influence the subtlety of what we smell. 
B)  The sensation of a single, distinct smell is a combination of a variety of chemicals that stimulate different combinations of olfactory receptor cells all at once. 
C)  The belief that we can smell so many different distinct odors is a psychological process referred to as an uncinate fit or olfactory hallucination. 
D)  The olfactory pathway travels to location in the brain in which memories are formed and we simply mix this new sensory information with old memories. 
A)  Taste receptors that are active at the same time influence the subtlety of what we smell. 
B)  The sensation of a single, distinct smell is a combination of a variety of chemicals that stimulate different combinations of olfactory receptor cells all at once. 
C)  The belief that we can smell so many different distinct odors is a psychological process referred to as an uncinate fit or olfactory hallucination. 
D)  The olfactory pathway travels to location in the brain in which memories are formed and we simply mix this new sensory information with old memories.

Question 15

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye .

Accepted Answer

A)  go to the superior colliculus only 
B)  divide at the chiasma, with some crossing and some not crossing 
C)  pass posteriorly without crossing over at the chiasma 
D)  cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma 
A)  go to the superior colliculus only 
B)  divide at the chiasma, with some crossing and some not crossing 
C)  pass posteriorly without crossing over at the chiasma 
D)  cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma

Question 16

Sound is generally perceived in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the .

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral geniculate body of the thalamus 
B)  temporal lobe 
C)  visual cortex 
D)  superior colliculi 
A)  lateral geniculate body of the thalamus 
B)  temporal lobe 
C)  visual cortex 
D)  superior colliculi

Question 18

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the external ear?

Accepted Answer

A)  external acoustic meatus 
B)  pinna 
C)  tympanic membrane 
D)  pharyngotympanic tube 
A)  external acoustic meatus 
B)  pinna 
C)  tympanic membrane 
D)  pharyngotympanic tube

Question 19

Ciliary muscles are considered voluntary, skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is a modiolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone around the cochlea 
B)  a bony area around the junction of the facial, vestibular, and cochlear nerves 
C)  bone in the center of a semicircular canal 
D)  a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea 
A)  bone around the cochlea 
B)  a bony area around the junction of the facial, vestibular, and cochlear nerves 
C)  bone in the center of a semicircular canal 
D)  a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the _ _.

Which of the following could NOT be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope?

Sour taste receptors are stimulated by hydrogen ions of acidic food substances.

The elasticity of the lens decreases with age. This leads to which of the following?

A patient has a loss of hearing in only one ear. Which of the following is likely to be a result?

Describe the process of light and dark adaptation and include the role of the rods and cones.

Fusing of the ossicles (otosclerosis) results in .

Humans can see several thousand shades of color but have cone photoreceptors that are sensitive to only three (perhaps four) wavelengths of light. What is the best explanation for why we see so many colors?

The blind spot of the eye is caused by _ .

Hair cells in the spiral organ of the ear are never replaced.

Theoretically, an individual born without a middle ear would be able to hear by bone conduction with a hearing aid.

Which of the following describes a response of the eye to sympathetic stimulation?

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the .

Humans can smell as many as 10,000 different odors but have significantly fewer types of olfactory receptors. Which of the following is the best explanation for why humans can distinguish so many smells?

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye .

Sound is generally perceived in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the .

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the external ear?

Ciliary muscles are considered voluntary, skeletal muscle.

What is a modiolus?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

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Exam 15: The Special Senses

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the _ _.

Which of the following could NOT be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope?

Sour taste receptors are stimulated by hydrogen ions of acidic food substances.

The elasticity of the lens decreases with age. This leads to which of the following?

A patient has a loss of hearing in only one ear. Which of the following is likely to be a result?

Describe the process of light and dark adaptation and include the role of the rods and cones.

Fusing of the ossicles (otosclerosis) results in .

Humans can see several thousand shades of color but have cone photoreceptors that are sensitive to only three (perhaps four) wavelengths of light. What is the best explanation for why we see so many colors?

The blind spot of the eye is caused by _ .

Hair cells in the spiral organ of the ear are never replaced.

Theoretically, an individual born without a middle ear would be able to hear by bone conduction with a hearing aid.

Which of the following describes a response of the eye to sympathetic stimulation?

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the .

Humans can smell as many as 10,000 different odors but have significantly fewer types of olfactory receptors. Which of the following is the best explanation for why humans can distinguish so many smells?

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye .

Sound is generally perceived in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the .

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the external ear?

Ciliary muscles are considered voluntary, skeletal muscle.

What is a modiolus?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

Filters