Exam 55: Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

For most terrestrial ecosystems, pyramids composed of species abundances, biomass, and energy are similar in that they have a broad base and a narrow top. The primary reason for this pattern is that ________.

Which one of the following correctly ranks these organisms in order from lowest to highest percent in production efficiency?

Use the following figure to answer the question. Based on the figure, which of the following are plausible reasons for the results? I.Nutrients in the control watershed are being lost due to evapotranspiration from leaves. II.Nutrients dissolve in the water running through the watershed. III.Nutrients are attached to small particles of sand or clay that leave the watershed. IV.Intact vegetation includes plant roots that held soil particles and prevented nutrient loss.

Use the following figure to answer the question. After looking at the figure, what can be said about productivity in this ecosystem?

Nitrifying bacteria participate in the nitrogen cycle mainly by ________.

Use the following figure to answer the question. What treatment results that were presumably part of the experimental design are not fully depicted in the graph?

Use the following figure to answer the question. In the ecosystem figure, which unit of the food web has the potential to lose the most energy as heat?

Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others?

Matter may be gained by, or lost from, ecosystems. How does this occur?

The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as ________.

The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment revealed that ________. I. deforestation increased water runoff II. nitrate concentration in waters draining the deforested area became dangerously high III.calcium levels remained high in the soil of deforested areas

Which statement best describes what ultimately happens to the chemical energy that is consumed but not used to produce new biomass in the process of energy transfer between trophic levels in an ecosystem?

Use the following figure to answer the question. Consider the global water cycle depicted in the figure. Where is the greatest flux of water from one reserve to another?

Which of the following is primarily responsible for limiting the number of trophic levels in most ecosystems?

Use the following figure to answer the question. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Which species is most likely a decomposer on this food web?

Use the following figure to answer the question. On the diagram of the nitrogen cycle, which number represents nitrite (NO₂)?

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which category in the figure makes available the highest productivity per square meter?

Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation?

The first step in ecosystem restoration is to ________.

Use the following figure to answer the question. Which habitat types in the figure cover the largest area?