Questions refer to the following computer output in which a researcher compared the GPA of traditional (aged 18-22) and nontraditional (aged 23 or older) students. Table 10-1 GROUP $1 =$ Aged $18 - 22$ GROUP $2 =$ Aged 23 or older Variable $=$ Grade point average $\begin{array} { l c c c c } \text { GROUP } & N & \text { Mean } & S D & \text { Standard Error } \\ \text { GROUP 1 } & 15 & 2.95 & 0.556 & 0.143 \\ \text { GROUP 2 } & 15 & 3.08 & 0.524 & 0.135 \end{array}$ $F _ { \max }$ test $\quad F = 0.225 \quad p = 0.639$ Equal Variances Assumed $t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 28 \quad p = 0.509$ Equal Variances Not Assumed $t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 27.90 \quad p = 0.509$ -Consult Table 10-1. The mean GPA for traditionally-aged students was ______ and the mean GPA for nontraditionally-aged students was _______.

A) 3.08; 2.95 B) 0.556; 0.524 C) 2.95; 3.08 D) 0.524; 0.556 A) 3.08; 2.95 B) 0.556; 0.524 C) 2.95; 3.08 D) 0.524; 0.556

Questions refer to the following computer output in which a researcher measured anxiety in a sample before therapy and after therapy. Table 10-2 GROUP $1 =$ Before therapy GROUP 2 = After therapy Variable $=$ Anxiety scores $\begin{array}{lllll} \text { GROUP } & N & \text { Mean } & S D & \text { Standard Error } \\ \text { GROUP 1 } & 10 & 11.00 & 3.197 & 1.011 \\ \text { GROUP 2 } & 10 & 8.90 & 3.573 & 1.130 \end{array}$ $\text { Mean difference }=2.100 \quad\quad\quad S D=1.287 \quad\quad\quad \text { Std Error }=0.417$ $\begin{array}{lll} \text { Corr }=0.934 & p=0.000 & \\ t=5.161 & d f=9 & p=0.001 \end{array}$ -Consult Table 10-2. The statistical analysis is a(n) __________ samples t test.

A) independent B) correlated C) between-subjects D) homogenous A) independent B) correlated C) between-subjects D) homogenous

Exam 10: Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Bruce compared men and women on the number of errors they made on a test. Bruce used a(n) _ and should analyze his data using a(n) ____.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 41

Which of the following is an advantage of correlated-groups designs?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 42

Distinguish between homogeneity of variance and heterogeneity of variance. Do researchers want their data to exhibit homogeneity of variance or heterogeneity of variance? Explain.

(Essay)

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Question 43

Suppose you were interested in the effects of therapy on depression. a. What would be your independent variable? b. What would be your dependent variable? c. How might you control extraneous variables?

(Short Answer)

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Question 44

Briefly describe the two chief advantages of correlated-groups designs.

(Short Answer)

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Question 45

When the number of observations in each group is equal, the critical t value in a correlated groups design is ________ the critical t value in an independent-groups design.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 46

College students who were classified as either Type A or Type B personalities came to the lab and were frustrated by the experimenter (he gave them anagrams that were unsolvable). Then the experimenter gave them a new set of (solvable) anagrams and timed how long it took them to solve them (in minutes). The following data was obtained: GROUP $1 =$ Type A personality GROUP $2 =$ Type $B$ personality Variable $=$ time to solve the anagrams GROUP N Mean SD GROUP 1 10 5.34 1.194 GROUP 2 10 5.13 1.223 $t = 1.67 \quad d f = 18 \quad p = 0.257 \quad$ Cohen's $d = .21$ -What kind of research design was used?

(Short Answer)

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Question 47

Samantha had one group of participants watch a violent hockey game and had the other group watch a nonviolent hockey game. She pretested participants on their levels of trait aggressiveness to make sure there were equal numbers of such people in both groups. She measured physiological arousal in response to the game. Samantha used a(n) design and should analyze her data using a(n) __ samples t test.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 48

For a correlated groups t test, the two sets of scores should exhibit a ______ correlation.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 49

Suppose you conducted an experiment with 20 participants in each group. You would have _ degrees of freedom in an independent-groups design and _ degrees of freedom in a correlated-groups design.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 50

Frances wishes to study the effects of violent videogames on children's levels of aggression. As children come to the lab for the study, she flips a coin. If it turns up heads, the child plays a violent videogame. If it turns up tails, the child plays a nonviolent videogame. Frances has used the technique of

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 51

You should use an independent samples t test when

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 52

A correlated-groups design reduces error variability by reducing error due to

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 53

In a correlated-groups design, error variability due to individual differences _, which makes it to find a significant effect.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 54

Questions refer to the following computer output in which a researcher compared the GPA of traditional (aged 18-22) and nontraditional (aged 23 or older) students. Table 10-1 GROUP $1 =$ Aged $18 - 22$ GROUP $2 =$ Aged 23 or older Variable $=$ Grade point average GROUP N Mean SD Standard Error GROUP 1 15 2.95 0.556 0.143 GROUP 2 15 3.08 0.524 0.135 $F _ { \max }$ test $\quad F = 0.225 \quad p = 0.639$ Equal Variances Assumed $t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 28 \quad p = 0.509$ Equal Variances Not Assumed $t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 27.90 \quad p = 0.509$ -Consult Table 10-1. The mean GPA for traditionally-aged students was and the mean GPA for nontraditionally-aged students was _.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 55

When researchers cannot remove the effect of an IV, they are NOT likely to choose which type of research design?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 56

________ statistical values are associated with significant differences in your experiment.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 57

Suppose you know that you would like to conduct an experiment with two groups, an experimental group and a control group. What is the next question that you face?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 58

When the variances of the two groups are not comparable, we have

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 59

Questions refer to the following computer output in which a researcher measured anxiety in a sample before therapy and after therapy. Table 10-2 GROUP $1 =$ Before therapy GROUP 2 = After therapy Variable $=$ Anxiety scores GROUP N Mean SD Standard Error GROUP 1 10 11.00 3.197 1.011 GROUP 2 10 8.90 3.573 1.130 $\text { Mean difference }=2.100 \quad\quad\quad S D=1.287 \quad\quad\quad \text { Std Error }=0.417$ Corr =0.934 p=0.000 t=5.161 df=9 p=0.001 -Consult Table 10-2. The statistical analysis is a(n) __________ samples t test.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 60

Bruce compared men and women on the number of errors they made on a test. Bruce used a(n) _ and should analyze his data using a(n) ____.

Which of the following is an advantage of correlated-groups designs?

Distinguish between homogeneity of variance and heterogeneity of variance. Do researchers want their data to exhibit homogeneity of variance or heterogeneity of variance? Explain.

Suppose you were interested in the effects of therapy on depression. a. What would be your independent variable? b. What would be your dependent variable? c. How might you control extraneous variables?

Briefly describe the two chief advantages of correlated-groups designs.

When the number of observations in each group is equal, the critical t value in a correlated groups design is ________ the critical t value in an independent-groups design.

For a correlated groups t test, the two sets of scores should exhibit a ______ correlation.

Suppose you conducted an experiment with 20 participants in each group. You would have _ degrees of freedom in an independent-groups design and _ degrees of freedom in a correlated-groups design.

You should use an independent samples t test when

A correlated-groups design reduces error variability by reducing error due to

In a correlated-groups design, error variability due to individual differences _, which makes it to find a significant effect.

When researchers cannot remove the effect of an IV, they are NOT likely to choose which type of research design?

________ statistical values are associated with significant differences in your experiment.

Suppose you know that you would like to conduct an experiment with two groups, an experimental group and a control group. What is the next question that you face?

When the variances of the two groups are not comparable, we have

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

Exam 10: Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Bruce compared men and women on the number of errors they made on a test. Bruce used a(n) _________ and should analyze his data using a(n) ____________.

Which of the following is an advantage of correlated-groups designs?

Distinguish between homogeneity of variance and heterogeneity of variance. Do researchers want their data to exhibit homogeneity of variance or heterogeneity of variance? Explain.

Suppose you were interested in the effects of therapy on depression. a. What would be your independent variable? b. What would be your dependent variable? c. How might you control extraneous variables?

Briefly describe the two chief advantages of correlated-groups designs.

When the number of observations in each group is equal, the critical t value in a correlated groups design is ________ the critical t value in an independent-groups design.

For a correlated groups t test, the two sets of scores should exhibit a ______ correlation.

Suppose you conducted an experiment with 20 participants in each group. You would have _____ degrees of freedom in an independent-groups design and _____ degrees of freedom in a correlated-groups design.

You should use an independent samples t test when

A correlated-groups design reduces error variability by reducing error due to

In a correlated-groups design, error variability due to individual differences _________, which makes it ________ to find a significant effect.

When researchers cannot remove the effect of an IV, they are NOT likely to choose which type of research design?

________ statistical values are associated with significant differences in your experiment.

Suppose you know that you would like to conduct an experiment with two groups, an experimental group and a control group. What is the next question that you face?

When the variances of the two groups are not comparable, we have

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

Bruce compared men and women on the number of errors they made on a test. Bruce used a(n) _ and should analyze his data using a(n) ____.

Suppose you conducted an experiment with 20 participants in each group. You would have _ degrees of freedom in an independent-groups design and _ degrees of freedom in a correlated-groups design.

In a correlated-groups design, error variability due to individual differences _, which makes it to find a significant effect.