Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumor?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is unencapsulated and invasive. 
B)  It consists of undifferentiated cells. 
C)  It exerts systemic effects. 
D)  Cells appear relatively normal. 
A)  It is unencapsulated and invasive. 
B)  It consists of undifferentiated cells. 
C)  It exerts systemic effects. 
D)  Cells appear relatively normal.

Question 2

Why does ovarian cancer have a poor prognosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ovaries are inaccessible for examination. 
B)  Specific signs rarely appear until after secondary tumors have developed. 
C)  The same tumor markers are present with many types of cancer. 
D)  No effective treatment is available. 
A)  The ovaries are inaccessible for examination. 
B)  Specific signs rarely appear until after secondary tumors have developed. 
C)  The same tumor markers are present with many types of cancer. 
D)  No effective treatment is available.

Question 3

The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include:
1) obstruction of a tube or duct.
2) anemia and weight loss.
3) cell necrosis and ulceration.
4) tumor markers in the circulation.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 3, 4

Question 4

Staging systems used to classify a malignant tumor at the time of diagnosis are based on which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size of the tumor, involvement of lymph nodes, metastases 
B)  Location of tumor, size, type of cellular abnormality 
C)  Size, encapsulated or non-encapsulated, invasion into neighboring tissue 
D)  Type of cellular abnormality, size of secondary tumors, location/tissue affected 
A)  Size of the tumor, involvement of lymph nodes, metastases 
B)  Location of tumor, size, type of cellular abnormality 
C)  Size, encapsulated or non-encapsulated, invasion into neighboring tissue 
D)  Type of cellular abnormality, size of secondary tumors, location/tissue affected

Question 5

Antiangiogenesis drugs act on a malignant tumor by:

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting the immune response and removal of abnormal tumor cells. 
B)  blocking hormonal stimulation of tumor cells. 
C)  reducing blood flow and nutrient supply to tumor cells. 
D)  transporting radioisotopes into the tumor. 
A)  promoting the immune response and removal of abnormal tumor cells. 
B)  blocking hormonal stimulation of tumor cells. 
C)  reducing blood flow and nutrient supply to tumor cells. 
D)  transporting radioisotopes into the tumor.

Question 6

Benign tumors can often be differentiated from malignant tumors because benign tumors:

Accepted Answer

A)  often have systemic effects. 
B)  contain cells showing increased mitosis and atypical rapid growth. 
C)  are encapsulated and slow-growing. 
D)  can metastasize or invade nearby tissue. 
A)  often have systemic effects. 
B)  contain cells showing increased mitosis and atypical rapid growth. 
C)  are encapsulated and slow-growing. 
D)  can metastasize or invade nearby tissue.

Question 7

What are malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue cells called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carcinomas 
B)  Sarcomas 
C)  Melanomas 
D)  Fibromas 
A)  Carcinomas 
B)  Sarcomas 
C)  Melanomas 
D)  Fibromas

Question 8

A classification process that applies to a specific malignant tumor and describes the extent of the disease at a given time is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  seeding. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  staging. 
D)  grading. 
A)  seeding. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  staging. 
D)  grading.

Question 9

What would be an external source of ionizing radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A needle containing a radioisotope implanted beside the tumor 
B)  Gamma rays delivered by a cobalt machine 
C)  A dose of a radioactive drug to be ingested 
D)  A fluid containing radioactive material instilled in a body cavity 
A)  A needle containing a radioisotope implanted beside the tumor 
B)  Gamma rays delivered by a cobalt machine 
C)  A dose of a radioactive drug to be ingested 
D)  A fluid containing radioactive material instilled in a body cavity

Question 10

What type of normal cells are often damaged during chemotherapy and radiation treatments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epithelial cells 
B)  Skeletal muscle cells 
C)  Nerve tissue 
D)  Collagen and fibrous tissue 
A)  Epithelial cells 
B)  Skeletal muscle cells 
C)  Nerve tissue 
D)  Collagen and fibrous tissue

Question 11

The term apoptosis refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  programmed cell death. 
B)  abnormal or immature cells. 
C)  degree of differentiation of cells. 
D)  the development of new capillaries in a tumor. 
A)  programmed cell death. 
B)  abnormal or immature cells. 
C)  degree of differentiation of cells. 
D)  the development of new capillaries in a tumor.

Question 12

What is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenoma 
B)  Lipoma 
C)  Fibrosarcoma 
D)  Adenocarcinoma 
A)  Adenoma 
B)  Lipoma 
C)  Fibrosarcoma 
D)  Adenocarcinoma

Question 13

The method that can be used as an alternative to surgical removal of a tumor by using heat generated by a needle inserted into the tumor is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  radiation therapy. 
B)  thermolysis intervention. 
C)  brachytherapy. 
D)  radiofrequency ablation. 
A)  radiation therapy. 
B)  thermolysis intervention. 
C)  brachytherapy. 
D)  radiofrequency ablation.

Question 14

The warning signs for cancer include:

Accepted Answer

A)  unusual bleeding. 
B)  change in a wart or mole (e.g., color). 
C)  a new solid lump, often painless. 
D)  All the above 
A)  unusual bleeding. 
B)  change in a wart or mole (e.g., color). 
C)  a new solid lump, often painless. 
D)  All the above

Exam 20: Neoplasms and Cancer

Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumor?

Why does ovarian cancer have a poor prognosis?

The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include: 1) obstruction of a tube or duct. 2) anemia and weight loss. 3) cell necrosis and ulceration. 4) tumor markers in the circulation.

Staging systems used to classify a malignant tumor at the time of diagnosis are based on which of the following factors?

Antiangiogenesis drugs act on a malignant tumor by:

Benign tumors can often be differentiated from malignant tumors because benign tumors:

What are malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue cells called?

A classification process that applies to a specific malignant tumor and describes the extent of the disease at a given time is called:

What would be an external source of ionizing radiation?

What type of normal cells are often damaged during chemotherapy and radiation treatments?

The term apoptosis refers to:

What is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called?

The method that can be used as an alternative to surgical removal of a tumor by using heat generated by a needle inserted into the tumor is referred to as:

The warning signs for cancer include:

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

Complications Due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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