Question 1

Distinguishing clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus include:

Accepted Answer

A)  inflammation in multiple organs. 
B)  lack of a specific diagnostic blood test. 
C)  acute onset and nonprogressive course. 
D)  typical skin rash on the chest and back. 
A)  inflammation in multiple organs. 
B)  lack of a specific diagnostic blood test. 
C)  acute onset and nonprogressive course. 
D)  typical skin rash on the chest and back.

Question 2

CD4-positive helper T cells function by:

Accepted Answer

A)  direct cytotoxic action. 
B)  facilitating all immune system activity. 
C)  producing immunoglobulins. 
D)  inactivating allergens. 
A)  direct cytotoxic action. 
B)  facilitating all immune system activity. 
C)  producing immunoglobulins. 
D)  inactivating allergens.

Question 3

Host-versus-graft disease refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperacute rejection of tissue. 
B)  T cells in grafted tissue attacking host cells. 
C)  infection resulting from immunosuppression therapy. 
D)  transplant rejection by the recipient's immune system. 
A)  hyperacute rejection of tissue. 
B)  T cells in grafted tissue attacking host cells. 
C)  infection resulting from immunosuppression therapy. 
D)  transplant rejection by the recipient's immune system.

Question 4

The term tolerance refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  surveillance and destruction of new cancer cells by the immune system. 
B)  the ability of the immune system to ignore "self" cells. 
C)  the ability of T and B lymphocytes to work together. 
D)  the role of lymphoid tissue in the body defenses. 
A)  surveillance and destruction of new cancer cells by the immune system. 
B)  the ability of the immune system to ignore "self" cells. 
C)  the ability of T and B lymphocytes to work together. 
D)  the role of lymphoid tissue in the body defenses.

Question 5

The role of memory cells is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  change into an antibody-secreting cell following activation. 
B)  immediately secrete antibodies following the first exposure to antigen. 
C)  recognize the antigen and stimulate the immune response. 
D)  bind complement to the antibody. 
A)  change into an antibody-secreting cell following activation. 
B)  immediately secrete antibodies following the first exposure to antigen. 
C)  recognize the antigen and stimulate the immune response. 
D)  bind complement to the antibody.

Question 6

Humoral immunity is mediated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural killer cells. 
B)  T lymphocytes (T cells). 
C)  B lymphocytes (B cells). 
D)  neutrophils. 
A)  natural killer cells. 
B)  T lymphocytes (T cells). 
C)  B lymphocytes (B cells). 
D)  neutrophils.

Question 7

In cases of HIV infection, the "window period" refers to the time between:

Accepted Answer

A)  entry of the virus into the blood and the initial manifestations. 
B)  entry of the virus into the body and the appearance of antibodies in the blood. 
C)  entry of the virus into the body and a significant drop in CD4 T-helper lymphocyte count. 
D)  diagnosis of "HIV positive" and diagnosis of "AIDS." 
A)  entry of the virus into the blood and the initial manifestations. 
B)  entry of the virus into the body and the appearance of antibodies in the blood. 
C)  entry of the virus into the body and a significant drop in CD4 T-helper lymphocyte count. 
D)  diagnosis of "HIV positive" and diagnosis of "AIDS."

Question 8

The most common cause of death in patients who have AIDS is:

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV encephalopathy. 
B)  tuberculosis. 
C)  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 
D)  Candida infection. 
A)  HIV encephalopathy. 
B)  tuberculosis. 
C)  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 
D)  Candida infection.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding a patient who is HIV positive?

Accepted Answer

A)  No medication is required until the CD4 cell count drops below normal range. 
B)  Antibodies are present, destroying the virus and preventing transmission to others. 
C)  Antibodies in the blood indicate presence of virus and possible transmission to others. 
D)  Enzymes have not yet converted RNA to DNA for replication. 
A)  No medication is required until the CD4 cell count drops below normal range. 
B)  Antibodies are present, destroying the virus and preventing transmission to others. 
C)  Antibodies in the blood indicate presence of virus and possible transmission to others. 
D)  Enzymes have not yet converted RNA to DNA for replication.

Question 10

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins or molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are genes on chromosome 6. 
B)  All members of a family have identical MHCs. 
C)  They alert the immune system to virus-infected cells. 
D)  A close match is essential for successful tissue transplants. 
A)  They are genes on chromosome 6. 
B)  All members of a family have identical MHCs. 
C)  They alert the immune system to virus-infected cells. 
D)  A close match is essential for successful tissue transplants.

Question 11

When an allergen binds with IgE antibodies on mast cells, resulting in release of chemical mediators, this reaction is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic hypersensitivity. 
B)  immune complex hypersensitivity. 
C)  type I hypersensitivity. 
D)  type IV hypersensitivity. 
A)  cytotoxic hypersensitivity. 
B)  immune complex hypersensitivity. 
C)  type I hypersensitivity. 
D)  type IV hypersensitivity.

Question 12

Tissue transferred between two genetically identical twins is referred to as a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  allograft. 
B)  syngraft. 
C)  isograft. 
D)  autograft. 
A)  allograft. 
B)  syngraft. 
C)  isograft. 
D)  autograft.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding immunoglobulins is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consist of a unique sequence of amino acids. 
B)  They are produced in the red bone marrow. 
C)  They are attached to mucosal membranes at entry points into the body. 
D)  IgA binds to allergens. 
A)  They consist of a unique sequence of amino acids. 
B)  They are produced in the red bone marrow. 
C)  They are attached to mucosal membranes at entry points into the body. 
D)  IgA binds to allergens.

Question 14

Incompatible blood transfusions result in:

Accepted Answer

A)  hemolysis of erythrocytes. 
B)  a type I immune response. 
C)  deposits in multiple organs. 
D)  immune deficiency. 
A)  hemolysis of erythrocytes. 
B)  a type I immune response. 
C)  deposits in multiple organs. 
D)  immune deficiency.

Question 15

Systemic lupus erythematosus is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a chronic allergic condition. 
B)  development of an immune-deficient state. 
C)  a deficiency of T lymphocytes. 
D)  immune complex deposits of antinuclear antibodies. 
A)  a chronic allergic condition. 
B)  development of an immune-deficient state. 
C)  a deficiency of T lymphocytes. 
D)  immune complex deposits of antinuclear antibodies.

Exam 7: Immunity

Distinguishing clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus include:

CD4-positive helper T cells function by:

Host-versus-graft disease refers to:

The term tolerance refers to:

The role of memory cells is to:

Humoral immunity is mediated by:

In cases of HIV infection, the "window period" refers to the time between:

The most common cause of death in patients who have AIDS is:

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding a patient who is HIV positive?

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins or molecules?

When an allergen binds with IgE antibodies on mast cells, resulting in release of chemical mediators, this reaction is called:

Tissue transferred between two genetically identical twins is referred to as a/an:

Which of the following statements regarding immunoglobulins is TRUE?

Incompatible blood transfusions result in:

Systemic lupus erythematosus is caused by:

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

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Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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