Question 1

Which statement BEST describes the purpose of oxygen in the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oxygen is released during the reaction. 
B)  The oxygen is required to react with pyruvate. 
C)  The oxygen makes HS-CoA more reactive. 
D)  The oxygen is required to oxidize NADH to NAD+. 
E)  The oxygen reacts with H+. 
A)  The oxygen is released during the reaction. 
B)  The oxygen is required to react with pyruvate. 
C)  The oxygen makes HS-CoA more reactive. 
D)  The oxygen is required to oxidize NADH to NAD+. 
E)  The oxygen reacts with H+.

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of the flow of electrons through the protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce oxygen 
B)  to oxidize NADH and FADH2 
C)  to supply energy for the proton pump 
D)  to reduce enzymes involved in catabolism 
E)  to phosphorylate ADP 
A)  to reduce oxygen 
B)  to oxidize NADH and FADH2 
C)  to supply energy for the proton pump 
D)  to reduce enzymes involved in catabolism 
E)  to phosphorylate ADP

Question 3

In the electron transport chain, one NADH molecule supplies the energy to phosphorylate ___ ADP molecules, and one FADH2 supplies the energy to phosphorylate ___ ADP molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 1 
B)  2; 2 
C)  3; 3 
D)  2; 3 
E)  2.5; 1.5 
A)  1; 1 
B)  2; 2 
C)  3; 3 
D)  2; 3 
E)  2.5; 1.5

Question 4

Which choice correctly labels each type of bond in the following molecule of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  All are phosphate ester bonds. 
B)  All are phosphoanhydride bonds. 
C)  Both a and b are phosphoanhydride bonds, and c is a phosphate ester bond. 
D)  Both a and b are phosphate ester bonds, and c is a phosphoanhydride bond. 
E)  Both a and c are phosphate ester bonds, and b is a phosphoanhydride bond. 
A)  All are phosphate ester bonds. 
B)  All are phosphoanhydride bonds. 
C)  Both a and b are phosphoanhydride bonds, and c is a phosphate ester bond. 
D)  Both a and b are phosphate ester bonds, and c is a phosphoanhydride bond. 
E)  Both a and c are phosphate ester bonds, and b is a phosphoanhydride bond.

Question 5

Which bond in ATP is referred to as a high-energy bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  a C-H bond 
B)  a C-P bond 
C)  a C-O bond 
D)  a P-O bond 
E)  a P=O bond 
A)  a C-H bond 
B)  a C-P bond 
C)  a C-O bond 
D)  a P-O bond 
E)  a P=O bond

Question 6

According to the diagram below, what happens to the four atoms that begin the citric acid cycle in oxaloacetate?

Accepted Answer

A)  All four atoms continue around the cycle over and over again. 
B)  Two of the atoms continue around the cycle a second time, and two atoms are released from the cycle. 
C)  One of the atoms continues around the cycle a second time, and three atoms are released from the cycle. 
D)  Three of the atoms continue around the cycle a second time, and one atom is released from the cycle. 
E)  All four atoms are released from the cycle. 
A)  All four atoms continue around the cycle over and over again. 
B)  Two of the atoms continue around the cycle a second time, and two atoms are released from the cycle. 
C)  One of the atoms continues around the cycle a second time, and three atoms are released from the cycle. 
D)  Three of the atoms continue around the cycle a second time, and one atom is released from the cycle. 
E)  All four atoms are released from the cycle.

Question 7

Which pathway directly produces acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis of proteins 
B)  hydrolysis of a polysaccharide 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  β-oxidation 
E)  All of the above directly produce acetyl-CoA. 
A)  hydrolysis of proteins 
B)  hydrolysis of a polysaccharide 
C)  glycolysis 
D)  β-oxidation 
E)  All of the above directly produce acetyl-CoA.

Question 8

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.What is the functional group transformation that occurs in the first part of this step?

Accepted Answer

A)  A ketone and an alcohol change positions. 
B)  An alcohol becomes a ketone. 
C)  The -COO- is transformed. 
D)  The alcohol becomes an aldehyde. 
E)  A carbon-carbon double bond is added. 
A)  A ketone and an alcohol change positions. 
B)  An alcohol becomes a ketone. 
C)  The -COO- is transformed. 
D)  The alcohol becomes an aldehyde. 
E)  A carbon-carbon double bond is added.

Question 9

What is the identity of I in the following diagram of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetate 
B)  GTP 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  acetate 
B)  GTP 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 10

Which term describes the role of ATP in this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hydrolysis of ATP is inhibiting this reaction. 
B)  The hydrolysis of ATP is a catalyst for this reaction. 
C)  The hydrolysis of ATP is regulating this reaction. 
D)  The hydrolysis of ATP is coupled to this reaction. 
E)  All of the above describe the role of ATP. 
A)  The hydrolysis of ATP is inhibiting this reaction. 
B)  The hydrolysis of ATP is a catalyst for this reaction. 
C)  The hydrolysis of ATP is regulating this reaction. 
D)  The hydrolysis of ATP is coupled to this reaction. 
E)  All of the above describe the role of ATP.

Question 11

Which statement does NOT describe conditions under which lactic acid is formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactic acid is formed in aerobic conditions. 
B)  Lactic acid is formed when oxygen is depleted. 
C)  Lactic acid is formed during vigorous exercise. 
D)  Lactic acid is produced by the bacteria that cause tooth decay. 
E)  Lactic acid is produced by bacterial fermentation. 
A)  Lactic acid is formed in aerobic conditions. 
B)  Lactic acid is formed when oxygen is depleted. 
C)  Lactic acid is formed during vigorous exercise. 
D)  Lactic acid is produced by the bacteria that cause tooth decay. 
E)  Lactic acid is produced by bacterial fermentation.

Question 12

Which statement describes a necessary role of glucose in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose supplies energy to the brain. 
B)  Proteins are composed of glucose. 
C)  Fat stores are composed of glucose. 
D)  Glucose is the only source of energy for the entire body. 
E)  All of the above describe a necessary role. 
A)  Glucose supplies energy to the brain. 
B)  Proteins are composed of glucose. 
C)  Fat stores are composed of glucose. 
D)  Glucose is the only source of energy for the entire body. 
E)  All of the above describe a necessary role.

Question 13

During glucose metabolism, the following reaction occurs.What is this reaction called?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphoryl group transfer reaction 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  hydration 
D)  dehydration 
E)  oxidation 
A)  phosphoryl group transfer reaction 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  hydration 
D)  dehydration 
E)  oxidation

Question 14

What is the relationship between the following two intermediates in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are identical. 
B)  They are conformers. 
C)  They are enantiomers. 
D)  They are constitutional isomers. 
E)  They are diastereomers. 
A)  They are identical. 
B)  They are conformers. 
C)  They are enantiomers. 
D)  They are constitutional isomers. 
E)  They are diastereomers.

Question 15

The potential energy stored in the unequal distribution of protons is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the proton pump. 
B)  oxidation-reduction. 
C)  pH. 
D)  the electron transport chain. 
E)  the proton motive force. 
A)  the proton pump. 
B)  oxidation-reduction. 
C)  pH. 
D)  the electron transport chain. 
E)  the proton motive force.

Which statement BEST describes the purpose of oxygen in the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

What is the primary purpose of the flow of electrons through the protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

In the electron transport chain, one NADH molecule supplies the energy to phosphorylate _ ADP molecules, and one FADH₂ supplies the energy to phosphorylate _ ADP molecules.

Which choice correctly labels each type of bond in the following molecule of ATP?

Which bond in ATP is referred to as a high-energy bond?

According to the diagram below, what happens to the four atoms that begin the citric acid cycle in oxaloacetate?

Which pathway directly produces acetyl-CoA?

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.What is the functional group transformation that occurs in the first part of this step?

What is the identity of I in the following diagram of the citric acid cycle?

Which term describes the role of ATP in this reaction?

Which statement does NOT describe conditions under which lactic acid is formed?

Which statement describes a necessary role of glucose in the body?

During glucose metabolism, the following reaction occurs.What is this reaction called?

What is the relationship between the following two intermediates in glycolysis?

The potential energy stored in the unequal distribution of protons is called

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

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Exam 18: Energy and Metabolism

Which statement BEST describes the purpose of oxygen in the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

What is the primary purpose of the flow of electrons through the protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

In the electron transport chain, one NADH molecule supplies the energy to phosphorylate ___ ADP molecules, and one FADH2 supplies the energy to phosphorylate ___ ADP molecules.

Which choice correctly labels each type of bond in the following molecule of ATP?

Which bond in ATP is referred to as a high-energy bond?

According to the diagram below, what happens to the four atoms that begin the citric acid cycle in oxaloacetate?

Which pathway directly produces acetyl-CoA?

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.What is the functional group transformation that occurs in the first part of this step?

What is the identity of I in the following diagram of the citric acid cycle?

Which term describes the role of ATP in this reaction?

Which statement does NOT describe conditions under which lactic acid is formed?

Which statement describes a necessary role of glucose in the body?

During glucose metabolism, the following reaction occurs.What is this reaction called?

What is the relationship between the following two intermediates in glycolysis?

The potential energy stored in the unequal distribution of protons is called

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Filters

In the electron transport chain, one NADH molecule supplies the energy to phosphorylate _ ADP molecules, and one FADH₂ supplies the energy to phosphorylate _ ADP molecules.