Question 1

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

Accepted Answer

A)  base-stacking 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions 
C)  salt bridges 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  covalent bonds 
A)  base-stacking 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions 
C)  salt bridges 
D)  hydrogen bonds 
E)  covalent bonds A

Question 2

How are errors minimized in the replication of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  They aren't minimized, which is why there are so many mutations. 
B)  Replication is completely accurate the first time around. 
C)  Replication is mostly accurate, but there is proofreading to identify and repair errors. 
D)  Replication is accurate most of the time, but the DNA is fixed once the new cell is completely formed. 
E)  Replication is not very accurate at all, and it doesn't seem to matter much. 
A)  They aren't minimized, which is why there are so many mutations. 
B)  Replication is completely accurate the first time around. 
C)  Replication is mostly accurate, but there is proofreading to identify and repair errors. 
D)  Replication is accurate most of the time, but the DNA is fixed once the new cell is completely formed. 
E)  Replication is not very accurate at all, and it doesn't seem to matter much. C

Question 3

Molecule A is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  purine. 
B)  monosaccharide. 
C)  amino acid. 
D)  nucleoside. 
E)  pyrimidine. 
A)  purine. 
B)  monosaccharide. 
C)  amino acid. 
D)  nucleoside. 
E)  pyrimidine. E

Question 4

In the following drawing of a DNA double helix, arrow I is pointing to the

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA base pairs. 
B)  hydrogen bonds. 
C)  sugar phosphate backbone. 
D)  complementary base pairs. 
E)  nucleotides. 
A)  DNA base pairs. 
B)  hydrogen bonds. 
C)  sugar phosphate backbone. 
D)  complementary base pairs. 
E)  nucleotides.

Question 5

When DNA replicates, an adenine forms a base pair with

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosine. 
B)  guanine. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  uracil. 
A)  cytosine. 
B)  guanine. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  uracil.

Question 6

The following figure illustrates a(n)_______ base pair.

Accepted Answer

A)  G-C 
B)  A-C 
C)  A-T 
D)  A-G 
E)  G-T 
A)  G-C 
B)  A-C 
C)  A-T 
D)  A-G 
E)  G-T

Question 7

Which of the following is the protein-making factory in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal RNA (rRN
A)  
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  messenger RNA (mRN
A)  
D)  transfer RNA (tRN
A)  
E)  All of these are the protein-making factories. 
A)  ribosomal RNA (rRN
A)  
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  messenger RNA (mRN
A)  
D)  transfer RNA (tRN
A)  
E)  All of these are the protein-making factories.

Question 8

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mutations would result in a substitution of an amino acid in the protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  CAG mutated to UAG 
B)  CGG mutated to AGG 
C)  GCC mutated to GCG 
D)  AAU mutated to GAU 
E)  UGC mutated to UGA 
A)  CAG mutated to UAG 
B)  CGG mutated to AGG 
C)  GCC mutated to GCG 
D)  AAU mutated to GAU 
E)  UGC mutated to UGA

Question 9

Using the genetic code table, identify the amino acid attached to this tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  Arg 
B)  Ala 
C)  Pro 
D)  Gly 
E)  It is not possible to determine. 
A)  Arg 
B)  Ala 
C)  Pro 
D)  Gly 
E)  It is not possible to determine.

Question 10

What is the complement of this sequence of DNA: 5′-GTT CCC ATG-3′?

Accepted Answer

A)  3′-GTT CCC ATG-5′ 
B)  5′-CAA GGG TAC-3′ 
C)  3′-CAA GGG TAC-5′ 
D)  3′-CAA GGG UAC-5′ 
E)  5′-CAA GGG UAC-3′ 
A)  3′-GTT CCC ATG-5′ 
B)  5′-CAA GGG TAC-3′ 
C)  3′-CAA GGG TAC-5′ 
D)  3′-CAA GGG UAC-5′ 
E)  5′-CAA GGG UAC-3′

Question 11

Which of the following molecules is found in RNA but not in DNA? ​

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V

Question 12

The arrow labeled I in the nucleic acid below is pointing to the

Accepted Answer

A)  1′ end of the DNA. 
B)  2′ end of the DNA. 
C)  3′ end of the DNA. 
D)  4′ end of the DNA. 
E)  5′ end of the DNA. 
A)  1′ end of the DNA. 
B)  2′ end of the DNA. 
C)  3′ end of the DNA. 
D)  4′ end of the DNA. 
E)  5′ end of the DNA.

Question 13

Which part of the DNA strand is the MOST polar, and what is the significance of that polarity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nitrogen base is most polar, and so it is on the outside of the DNA, in contact with water. 
B)  The nitrogen base is most polar, and so it is on the inside of the DNA. 
C)  The sugar phosphate backbone is most polar, and so it is on the outside of the DNA, in contact with water. 
D)  The sugar phosphate backbone is most polar, and so it is on the inside of the DNA. 
E)  No part of DNA is any more polar than any other part. 
A)  The nitrogen base is most polar, and so it is on the outside of the DNA, in contact with water. 
B)  The nitrogen base is most polar, and so it is on the inside of the DNA. 
C)  The sugar phosphate backbone is most polar, and so it is on the outside of the DNA, in contact with water. 
D)  The sugar phosphate backbone is most polar, and so it is on the inside of the DNA. 
E)  No part of DNA is any more polar than any other part.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about DNA in the human body is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA in every cell of the body is the same, except in the case of some acquired mutations. 
B)  Altered genes guarantee that a person will develop a genetic disease. 
C)  DNA differs from cell to cell in humans. 
D)  One person's DNA is more than 50% different than another person's DNA. 
E)  All of the above statements are true. 
A)  The DNA in every cell of the body is the same, except in the case of some acquired mutations. 
B)  Altered genes guarantee that a person will develop a genetic disease. 
C)  DNA differs from cell to cell in humans. 
D)  One person's DNA is more than 50% different than another person's DNA. 
E)  All of the above statements are true.

Question 15

Where is HIV's DNA translated into proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the capsid 
B)  in the envelope 
C)  in the cytoplasm of the virus 
D)  in the host cell 
E)  both in the host cell and in the capsid 
A)  in the capsid 
B)  in the envelope 
C)  in the cytoplasm of the virus 
D)  in the host cell 
E)  both in the host cell and in the capsid

Question 16

The structure below is a

Accepted Answer

A)  dinucleotide. 
B)  dinucleoside. 
C)  trinucleotide. 
D)  trinucleoside. 
E)  tetranucleoside. 
A)  dinucleotide. 
B)  dinucleoside. 
C)  trinucleotide. 
D)  trinucleoside. 
E)  tetranucleoside.

Question 17

What does this figure represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA bound to DNA 
B)  tRNA bound to mRNA 
C)  mRNA bound to DNA 
D)  rRNA bound to tRNA 
E)  mRNA bound to rRNA 
A)  tRNA bound to DNA 
B)  tRNA bound to mRNA 
C)  mRNA bound to DNA 
D)  rRNA bound to tRNA 
E)  mRNA bound to rRNA

Question 18

What is the sequence of the following nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  dGCA 
B)  GCA 
C)  ACG 
D)  dACG 
E)  CGT 
A)  dGCA 
B)  GCA 
C)  ACG 
D)  dACG 
E)  CGT

Question 19

The molecule below is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogenous base. 
B)  nucleotide. 
C)  nucleoside. 
D)  amino acid. 
E)  purine. 
A)  nitrogenous base. 
B)  nucleotide. 
C)  nucleoside. 
D)  amino acid. 
E)  purine.

Question 20

Which statement BEST describes why a nucleic acid is an "acid"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleic acids contain many carboxylic acid functional groups. 
B)  Nucleic acids are unusually reactive with acids. 
C)  Nucleic acids contain many hydroxyl groups. 
D)  Nucleic acids contain nitrogen. 
E)  Nucleic acids are organic derivatives of phosphoric acid. 
A)  Nucleic acids contain many carboxylic acid functional groups. 
B)  Nucleic acids are unusually reactive with acids. 
C)  Nucleic acids contain many hydroxyl groups. 
D)  Nucleic acids contain nitrogen. 
E)  Nucleic acids are organic derivatives of phosphoric acid.

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

How are errors minimized in the replication of DNA?

Molecule A is a(n)

In the following drawing of a DNA double helix, arrow I is pointing to the

When DNA replicates, an adenine forms a base pair with

The following figure illustrates a(n)_______ base pair.

Which of the following is the protein-making factory in the cell?

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mutations would result in a substitution of an amino acid in the protein.

Using the genetic code table, identify the amino acid attached to this tRNA.

What is the complement of this sequence of DNA: 5′-GTT CCC ATG-3′?

Which of the following molecules is found in RNA but not in DNA?

The arrow labeled I in the nucleic acid below is pointing to the

Which part of the DNA strand is the MOST polar, and what is the significance of that polarity?

Which of the following statements about DNA in the human body is TRUE?

Where is HIV's DNA translated into proteins?

The structure below is a

What does this figure represent?

What is the sequence of the following nucleic acid?

The molecule below is a(n)

Which statement BEST describes why a nucleic acid is an "acid"?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Energy and Metabolism

Filters

Exam 17: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

The DNA double helix is stabilized by ________, the interaction between delocalized electrons of aromatic rings in nitrogenous bases.

How are errors minimized in the replication of DNA?

Molecule A is a(n)

In the following drawing of a DNA double helix, arrow I is pointing to the

When DNA replicates, an adenine forms a base pair with

The following figure illustrates a(n)_______ base pair.

Which of the following is the protein-making factory in the cell?

Refer to the genetic code to determine which of the following mutations would result in a substitution of an amino acid in the protein.

Using the genetic code table, identify the amino acid attached to this tRNA.

What is the complement of this sequence of DNA: 5′-GTT CCC ATG-3′?

Which of the following molecules is found in RNA but not in DNA? ​

The arrow labeled I in the nucleic acid below is pointing to the

Which part of the DNA strand is the MOST polar, and what is the significance of that polarity?

Which of the following statements about DNA in the human body is TRUE?

Where is HIV's DNA translated into proteins?

The structure below is a

What does this figure represent?

What is the sequence of the following nucleic acid?

The molecule below is a(n)

Which statement BEST describes why a nucleic acid is an "acid"?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Energy and Metabolism

Filters

Which of the following molecules is found in RNA but not in DNA?