Question 1

Why is fatty acid catabolism called β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the third carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
B)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the second carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
C)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the first carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
D)  It is the second biochemical pathway in fatty acid catabolism. 
E)  It is the penultimate pathway in fatty acid catabolism. 
A)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the third carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
B)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the second carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
C)  Half of the reactions involve oxidation of the first carbon atom in the fatty acid chain. 
D)  It is the second biochemical pathway in fatty acid catabolism. 
E)  It is the penultimate pathway in fatty acid catabolism. A

Question 2

Which protein is mobile?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complex I 
B)  Complex II 
C)  Complex III 
D)  Complex IV 
E)  cytochrome c 
A)  Complex I 
B)  Complex II 
C)  Complex III 
D)  Complex IV 
E)  cytochrome c E

Question 3

L-malate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.What does the L imply about L-malate?

Accepted Answer

A)  L-malate is highly reactive. 
B)  L-malate is non-reducible. 
C)  L-malate is chiral. 
D)  L-malate is an amino acid. 
E)  L-malate is a lipid. 
A)  L-malate is highly reactive. 
B)  L-malate is non-reducible. 
C)  L-malate is chiral. 
D)  L-malate is an amino acid. 
E)  L-malate is a lipid. C

Question 4

Catabolism is often called

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  cellular respiration. 
C)  anabolism. 
D)  oxidation-reduction. 
E)  the citric acid cycle. 
A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  cellular respiration. 
C)  anabolism. 
D)  oxidation-reduction. 
E)  the citric acid cycle.

Question 5

A difference in proton concentration between adjacent regions is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  pH difference. 
B)  proton concentration difference. 
C)  proton gradient. 
D)  PCAR. 
E)  mitochondrion. 
A)  pH difference. 
B)  proton concentration difference. 
C)  proton gradient. 
D)  PCAR. 
E)  mitochondrion.

Question 6

What is the first step of the metabolism of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the mouth, amylase hydrolyses starch into glucose, maltose, and dextrins. 
B)  In the stomach, amylase hydrolyses starch into glucose, maltose, and dextrins. 
C)  Glucose enters cells. 
D)  A phosphoryl group is transferred. 
E)  A glucose molecule is split into two pyruvates. 
A)  In the mouth, amylase hydrolyses starch into glucose, maltose, and dextrins. 
B)  In the stomach, amylase hydrolyses starch into glucose, maltose, and dextrins. 
C)  Glucose enters cells. 
D)  A phosphoryl group is transferred. 
E)  A glucose molecule is split into two pyruvates.

Question 7

The figure below illustrates protons (the circles)separated by a membrane permeable to the protons and water.What will happen to the protons as time passes and the system equilibrates?   ​

Accepted Answer

A)  The protons will be neutralized. 
B)  All of the protons will move from compartment I to compartment II. 
C)  All of the protons will move from compartment II to compartment I. 
D)  The concentration of the protons in compartments I and II will become equal. 
E)  Nothing will happen. 
A)  The protons will be neutralized. 
B)  All of the protons will move from compartment I to compartment II. 
C)  All of the protons will move from compartment II to compartment I. 
D)  The concentration of the protons in compartments I and II will become equal. 
E)  Nothing will happen.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the glycolysis pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a way to extract energy from glucose without the use of oxygen. 
B)  It is a way to extract and store energy as ATP. 
C)  It is a way to form pyruvate. 
D)  It is a way to make NADH. 
E)  It is a way to make FAD+. 
A)  It is a way to extract energy from glucose without the use of oxygen. 
B)  It is a way to extract and store energy as ATP. 
C)  It is a way to form pyruvate. 
D)  It is a way to make NADH. 
E)  It is a way to make FAD+.

Question 9

Which parts of the mitochondria contain lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  inner membrane 
B)  outer membrane 
C)  intermembrane space 
D)  matrix 
E)  Both membranes contain lipids. 
A)  inner membrane 
B)  outer membrane 
C)  intermembrane space 
D)  matrix 
E)  Both membranes contain lipids.

Question 10

Which bond is broken when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP?

Accepted Answer

A)  bond a 
B)  bond b 
C)  bond c 
D)  bond d 
E)  bond e 
A)  bond a 
B)  bond b 
C)  bond c 
D)  bond d 
E)  bond e

Question 11

Which is NOT a symptom of cyanide poisoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  stroke 
B)  headache 
C)  lethargy 
D)  respiratory arrest 
E)  convulsions 
A)  stroke 
B)  headache 
C)  lethargy 
D)  respiratory arrest 
E)  convulsions

Question 12

When ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP, protons are shunted through it.Which diagram BEST illustrates this process? Note that the circles represent protons and the arrows through the enzyme represent the direction of proton flow.

Accepted Answer

A)  diagram a 
B)  diagram b 
C)  diagram c 
D)  diagram e 
E)  Any of these will work. 
A)  diagram a 
B)  diagram b 
C)  diagram c 
D)  diagram e 
E)  Any of these will work.

Question 13

Which molecule is an acetyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  molecule a 
B)  molecule b 
C)  molecule c 
D)  molecule d 
E)  molecule e 
A)  molecule a 
B)  molecule b 
C)  molecule c 
D)  molecule d 
E)  molecule e

Question 14

What is the role of ATP synthase in the synthesis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP synthase harvests the energy for the synthesis. 
B)  ATP synthase catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP reaction. 
C)  ATP synthase captures APD and Pi. 
D)  ATP synthase allows protons to flow into the matrix through its proton channel. 
E)  All of the above are roles of ATP synthase. 
A)  ATP synthase harvests the energy for the synthesis. 
B)  ATP synthase catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP reaction. 
C)  ATP synthase captures APD and Pi. 
D)  ATP synthase allows protons to flow into the matrix through its proton channel. 
E)  All of the above are roles of ATP synthase.

Question 15

The following reaction is a key step in the metabolism of glucose.Which of the following molecules is formed as a result of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP 
B)  H+ 
C)  ATP 
D)  H2O 
E)  Pi 
A)  ADP 
B)  H+ 
C)  ATP 
D)  H2O 
E)  Pi

Question 16

Which statement BEST describes why proteins are metabolized when calories are severely reduced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Actually, fats are metabolized during a starvation diet, not proteins. 
B)  Proteins have the highest energy content per gram of any of the biomolecules. 
C)  Proteins contain amino acids, which fuel the brain. 
D)  Glycogen is a type of protein. 
E)  There is a metabolic pathway in which glucose can be made from protein. 
A)  Actually, fats are metabolized during a starvation diet, not proteins. 
B)  Proteins have the highest energy content per gram of any of the biomolecules. 
C)  Proteins contain amino acids, which fuel the brain. 
D)  Glycogen is a type of protein. 
E)  There is a metabolic pathway in which glucose can be made from protein.

Question 17

Which statement BEST describes what is illustrated in this diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  This diagram illustrates the carbon balance of the citric acid cycle. 
B)  This diagram illustrates the electron balance of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  This diagram illustrates the oxygen balance of the citric acid cycle. 
D)  This diagram illustrates the hydrogen balance of the citric acid cycle. 
E)  All of the above are illustrated in this diagram. 
A)  This diagram illustrates the carbon balance of the citric acid cycle. 
B)  This diagram illustrates the electron balance of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  This diagram illustrates the oxygen balance of the citric acid cycle. 
D)  This diagram illustrates the hydrogen balance of the citric acid cycle. 
E)  All of the above are illustrated in this diagram.

Question 18

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.During this step, NAD+ is ________, while isocitrate is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylated; isomerized 
B)  isomerized; dehydrated 
C)  oxidized; reduced 
D)  reduced; oxidized 
E)  hydrated; dehydrated 
A)  phosphorylated; isomerized 
B)  isomerized; dehydrated 
C)  oxidized; reduced 
D)  reduced; oxidized 
E)  hydrated; dehydrated

Question 19

Most enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle are found in the ________ of the mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A)  inner membrane 
B)  outer membrane 
C)  intermembrane space 
D)  matrix 
E)  The citric acid cycle does not occur in the mitochondria. 
A)  inner membrane 
B)  outer membrane 
C)  intermembrane space 
D)  matrix 
E)  The citric acid cycle does not occur in the mitochondria.

Question 20

When acetyl coenzyme A is hydrolyzed during the citric acid cycle, which bond in the molecule is broken?

Accepted Answer

A)  bond a 
B)  bond b 
C)  bond c 
D)  bond d 
E)  bond e 
A)  bond a 
B)  bond b 
C)  bond c 
D)  bond d 
E)  bond e

Why is fatty acid catabolism called β-oxidation?

Which protein is mobile?

L-malate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.What does the L imply about L-malate?

Catabolism is often called

A difference in proton concentration between adjacent regions is known as a

What is the first step of the metabolism of carbohydrates?

The figure below illustrates protons (the circles)separated by a membrane permeable to the protons and water.What will happen to the protons as time passes and the system equilibrates?

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the glycolysis pathway?

Which parts of the mitochondria contain lipids?

Which bond is broken when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP?

Which is NOT a symptom of cyanide poisoning?

When ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP, protons are shunted through it.Which diagram BEST illustrates this process? Note that the circles represent protons and the arrows through the enzyme represent the direction of proton flow.

Which molecule is an acetyl group?

What is the role of ATP synthase in the synthesis of ATP?

The following reaction is a key step in the metabolism of glucose.Which of the following molecules is formed as a result of this reaction?

Which statement BEST describes why proteins are metabolized when calories are severely reduced?

Which statement BEST describes what is illustrated in this diagram?

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.During this step, NAD⁺ is , while isocitrate is .

Most enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle are found in the ________ of the mitochondria.

When acetyl coenzyme A is hydrolyzed during the citric acid cycle, which bond in the molecule is broken?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

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Exam 18: Energy and Metabolism

Why is fatty acid catabolism called β-oxidation?

Which protein is mobile?

L-malate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.What does the L imply about L-malate?

Catabolism is often called

A difference in proton concentration between adjacent regions is known as a

What is the first step of the metabolism of carbohydrates?

The figure below illustrates protons (the circles)separated by a membrane permeable to the protons and water.What will happen to the protons as time passes and the system equilibrates? ​

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the glycolysis pathway?

Which parts of the mitochondria contain lipids?

Which bond is broken when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP?

Which is NOT a symptom of cyanide poisoning?

When ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP, protons are shunted through it.Which diagram BEST illustrates this process? Note that the circles represent protons and the arrows through the enzyme represent the direction of proton flow.

Which molecule is an acetyl group?

What is the role of ATP synthase in the synthesis of ATP?

The following reaction is a key step in the metabolism of glucose.Which of the following molecules is formed as a result of this reaction?

Which statement BEST describes why proteins are metabolized when calories are severely reduced?

Which statement BEST describes what is illustrated in this diagram?

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.During this step, NAD+ is ________, while isocitrate is ________.

Most enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle are found in the ________ of the mitochondria.

When acetyl coenzyme A is hydrolyzed during the citric acid cycle, which bond in the molecule is broken?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atomic Structure and Radioisotopes

Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Molecular Geometry, Polarity, and Intermolecular

Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rates, and Equilibrium

Changes of State and Gas Laws

Mixtures, Solution Concentrations, and Diffusion

Acids and Bases, Ph, and Buffers

Introduction to Organic Chemistry:

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

The Carbonyl Containing Functional Groups

The Common Organic Reactions in Biochemistry

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

Lipids: Structure and Function

Proteins: Structure and Function

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Filters

The figure below illustrates protons (the circles)separated by a membrane permeable to the protons and water.What will happen to the protons as time passes and the system equilibrates?

The following is step 3 of the citric acid cycle.During this step, NAD⁺ is , while isocitrate is .